錢井 滿杰 鄭麗靜 晉彭輝 張松陽
摘要? ? 本文以PE、PP、OPP、PA+PE、PA+2PE作為包裝材料,將鮮切芹菜殺菌包裝后,置于5 ℃下貯藏,探究不同包裝材料對(duì)鮮切芹菜保鮮效果的影響。結(jié)果表明,在5 ℃貯藏條件下,PA+2PE包裝材料能有效調(diào)節(jié)袋內(nèi)空氣成分,延緩芹菜呼吸消耗,菌落總數(shù)增長較慢,推遲芹菜黃化、腐爛現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生;與PP、OPP相比,PA+PE、PA+2PE、PE包裝材料可以明顯降低鮮切芹菜的失水率,各包裝材料能有效延緩VC含量的下降;PP、OPP、PA+PE、PA+2PE 4種包裝材料均優(yōu)于PE包裝材料。
關(guān)鍵詞? ? 鮮切芹菜;包裝材料;保鮮效果
中圖分類號(hào)? ? S636.3;TS255.3? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼? ? A
文章編號(hào)? ?1007-5739(2020)21-0224-04? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 開放科學(xué)(資源服務(wù))標(biāo)識(shí)碼(OSID)
Effects? of? Different? Packaging? Materials? on? Preservation? of? Fresh-cut? Celery
QIAN Jing? ? MAN Jie? ? ZHENG Lijing? ? JIN Penghui? ? ZHANG Songyang
(Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing 100029)
Abstract? ? In this paper, took PE, PP, OPP, PA+PE and PA+2PE as packaging materials, fresh-cut celery was sterilized and packaged and stored at 5 ℃ to explore the effect of different packaging materials on the preservation of fresh-cut celery. The results showed that under 5 ℃ storage conditions, PA+2PE packaging material could effectively adjust the air composition in the bag, delay the respiration consumption of celery, the total number of colonies grew slowly, and postponed the yellowing and rot of celery; compared with PP and OPP, PA+PE, PA+2PE, PE packaging materials could significantly reduce the water loss rate of fresh-cut celery, each packaging material could effectively delay the decline of VC content; the packaging materials? of PP, OPP, PA+PE, PA+2PE were superior to PE packaging material.
Keywords? ? fresh-cut celery; packaging material; preservation effect
芹菜采后極易失水萎蔫、脫綠黃化、組織纖維化,且呼吸作用產(chǎn)生的呼吸熱會(huì)加速黃化和腐爛,使貨架期壽命縮短[1]。鮮切蔬菜是指經(jīng)過微加工或輕度加工處理的蔬菜原料,因具有集中加工、原料加工品質(zhì)穩(wěn)定、衛(wèi)生安全、節(jié)約生產(chǎn)成本等優(yōu)點(diǎn),深受餐飲企業(yè)歡迎。但是,經(jīng)過鮮切處理的蔬菜原料在儲(chǔ)藏運(yùn)輸過程中的品質(zhì)較完整蔬菜更容易出現(xiàn)組織褐變、微生物超標(biāo)、營養(yǎng)素流失、烹飪品質(zhì)下降等問題,制約了鮮切技術(shù)在餐飲行業(yè)的推廣[2]。因此,采后鮮切芹菜的貯藏保鮮是生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中備受關(guān)注的問題[3-4]。薄膜包裝能夠顯著降低芹菜在貯藏過程中的水分流失,延緩鮮切芹菜萎蔫現(xiàn)象[5]。本試驗(yàn)通過引進(jìn)不同材質(zhì)(PE、OPP、PP、PVC、PE)、透氣性、厚度的保鮮袋,應(yīng)用于鮮切芹菜包裝,擬篩選出適合鮮切芹菜的包裝材料,自發(fā)調(diào)節(jié)蔬菜包裝內(nèi)氣體成分,減少氣體傷害,延長蔬菜保鮮期。
1? ? 材料與方法
1.1? ? 材料與儀器
1.1.1? ? 試驗(yàn)材料。選取新鮮、顏色鮮綠、無機(jī)械傷、大小均勻的芹菜為試驗(yàn)材料,采自北京綠富農(nóng)果蔬產(chǎn)銷合作社,采后當(dāng)天送至市農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣站實(shí)驗(yàn)室。
1.1.2? ? 器材。頂空氣體分析儀、分光光度計(jì)、純水儀、分析天平、容量瓶、研缽或打碎機(jī)、漏斗、棕色容量瓶、定量濾紙、吸水紙、擦鏡紙、 滴管、恒溫水浴鍋。