秋千影
提及漢語的“主題”,讀者腦海浮現(xiàn)的英文不外乎是theme、subject、topic等詞。好玩的人最容易想到的就是“主題公園”(theme park)這種字眼,而藝術(shù)青年或會(huì)想到畢加索那句名言:
If there were only one truth, you couldnt paint a hundred canvases on the same theme.(要說真理,只有一條:無法圍繞一個(gè)主題創(chuàng)作100幅油畫。)
在政治語境里,英文theme頻次頗高。
原文1:聯(lián)合國要抓住和平與發(fā)展的主題。
譯文:The UN should grasp the theme of peace and development.
原文2:學(xué)習(xí)是立身做人的永恒主題。
譯文:Learning is a lasting theme to conduct oneself in life and society.
點(diǎn)評(píng):這兩例都是“主題”一詞的常規(guī)意義,英譯自然可以采取拿來主義。
原文:共青團(tuán)要在廣大青少年中深入開展“我的中國夢(mèng)”主題教育實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。
譯文:The Chinese Communist Youth League should carry out extensive educa-tional and practical activities with the theme of “My Chinese Dream” for young Chinese.
點(diǎn)評(píng):“主題教育活動(dòng)”出現(xiàn)頻率很高,對(duì)應(yīng)英文表述:thematic education campaign。如:今年6月,我們國家在全黨開展“不忘初心、牢記使命”主題教育活動(dòng)。(China launched an education campaign themed “staying true to our founding mission” throughout the Party in June.)
咱們中國人逢“活動(dòng)”必用activity,其實(shí),在英語國家,要表達(dá)“活動(dòng)”這個(gè)意思時(shí),很多情況下使用event,例如:
舉辦數(shù)場(chǎng)活動(dòng)為慈善籌款 hold a number of events to raise money for charity
周末還要舉辦幾場(chǎng)活動(dòng)。More events are planned for the weekend.
原文:堅(jiān)持以科學(xué)發(fā)展為主題
譯文:take a balanced and coordinated approach to development
點(diǎn)評(píng):明顯意譯,達(dá)意即可。
原文:本屆年會(huì)以“革新、責(zé)任、合作:亞洲尋求共同發(fā)展”為主題,很有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
譯文:The theme of this current annual conference, “Asia Seeking Development for All: Restructuring, Responsibility, and Cooperation,” is a highly relevant one.
點(diǎn)評(píng):這類句式在漢語中比較常見,以同位語方式進(jìn)行英譯之手法亦可效仿。
原文:習(xí)近平主持制定發(fā)布了打破傳統(tǒng)觀念、招賢納士的“九條規(guī)定”并廣而告之,《河北日?qǐng)?bào)》以“正定縣為有志之士敞開大門”為主題在頭版頭條作了報(bào)道。
譯文:Xi decided to publish a document listing nine ways to recruit talented people, something that was rare at the time and became a front-page story in the Hebei Daily.
點(diǎn)評(píng):從語文意義層面來看,該例中的“主題”與前面各例迥然有別,本句中,“主題”等同于“標(biāo)題”。出于篇章謀略,譯者采用意譯手法,省略了“主題”。遇此情況,譯者當(dāng)然也有其他選項(xiàng),比如使用title,或名或動(dòng),譯出標(biāo)題,只不過無法像現(xiàn)有譯文這般簡潔罷了。讀者諸君以為然否?