秦爽

[摘要] 目的 研究分析肝膽外科臨床路徑式教學(xué)法在護理帶教中的應(yīng)用效果。方法 對來該院2017年11月—2018年11月肝膽外科臨床實習(xí)實習(xí)生60名進行對比分析，隨機數(shù)字表法進行分組，每組30例。對照組以傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)方式帶教，觀察組開展臨床路徑教學(xué)法開展帶教工作，在帶教結(jié)束后對實習(xí)護生理論知識、實踐技能、案例分析進行考核，采用該院自制的滿意度問卷調(diào)查表對實習(xí)護生對帶教老師的滿意度進行打分，評價帶教效果。結(jié)果 觀察組實習(xí)護生的理論知識（92.66±2.33）分、實踐操作做（88.35±1.35）分、案例分析（91.08±3.11）分均高于對照組實習(xí)護生的理論知識（83.35±1.62）分、實踐操作做（73.00±1.81）分、案例分析（81.34±2.61）分（P<0.05）;觀察組實習(xí)護生對帶教老師的總滿意率96.7%與對照組實習(xí)護生對帶教老師的總滿意率76.7%（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 肝膽外科護理帶教開展臨床路徑教學(xué)，可有效提升實習(xí)護生的綜合水平，提高實習(xí)護生對帶教老師的滿意度，利于實習(xí)護生自主學(xué)習(xí)，具有較高的應(yīng)用價值。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 臨床路徑式教學(xué);肝膽外科;護理帶教;應(yīng)用效果

[中圖分類號] R-4 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654（2020）06（a）-0128-03

[Abstract] Objective To study and analyze the application effect of clinical path teaching method of hepatobiliary surgery in nursing teaching. Methods A comparative analysis was made of 60 clinical internships in liver and gallbladder surgery from November 2017 to November 2018 in our hospital. Random number tables were used to group 30 cases in each group. The clinical path teaching method was used to carry out the teaching work. After the teaching was completed， the theoretical knowledge， practical skills， and case analysis of the internship nursing students will be evaluated. The satisfaction questionnaire created by the hospital will be used to evaluate the satisfaction of the internship nursing students with the teaching teachers. Scoring and evaluating teaching effect. Results The theoretical knowledge （92.66±2.33）points， practical practice （88.35±1.35）points， and case analysis （91.08±3.11）points of the observation group's internship nurses were higher than the theoretical knowledge （83.35±1.62）points of the internship nurses in the control group. Points， practical operations （73.00±1.81）points， case analysis （81.34±2.61）points （P<0.05）; the total satisfaction rate of the internship nurses in the observation group to the instructor was 96.7%， and that in the control group of the total satisfaction rate of teachers was 76.7%（P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical path teaching of hepatobiliary surgery nursing teaching can effectively improve the comprehensive level of internship nursing students， improve the satisfaction of internship nursing teachers， and is conducive to the independent learning of internship nursing students. It has higher application value.

[Key words] Clinical pathway teaching; Hepatobiliary surgery; Nursing teaching; Application effect

肝膽外科以肝臟、肝膽管結(jié)石、膽道惡性腫瘤、胰腺腫瘤、肝硬化等肝膽疾病治療的主要科室，在進行肝膽外科手術(shù)治療的患者中，手術(shù)操作較復(fù)雜，引流管數(shù)量和種類較多，均需要進行適當(dāng)護理[1]。要求肝膽外科護理人員有深厚的理論知識和護理技巧，才能提高該科室護理效果[2]。護生實習(xí)是踏入臨床的主要環(huán)節(jié)，通過實習(xí)不斷提高對臨床處置能力，臨床路徑通過確定具體實踐，嚴(yán)格操作規(guī)程，使資源得到優(yōu)化利用，從而提高優(yōu)質(zhì)護理服務(wù)[3]。臨床路徑教學(xué)為新型的臨床教學(xué)模式，教學(xué)優(yōu)勢明顯被應(yīng)用于臨床教學(xué)中，傳統(tǒng)帶教實踐和理論脫節(jié)，并且所涉及到的面較廣，增加了帶教老師的勞動強度。傳統(tǒng)帶教護生主要為打雜跑路，親自動手機會較少，導(dǎo)致護理知識和操作不全面。臨床路徑帶教方法規(guī)范了護理帶教的具體流程，并明確了規(guī)范化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、程序化，提高了臨床教學(xué)的系統(tǒng)性，發(fā)揮臨床路徑教學(xué)優(yōu)勢，有效彌補了傳統(tǒng)帶教方式的缺陷，從而有效提高臨床護理帶教質(zhì)量，利于護生與帶教老師之間的溝通。臨床護理實習(xí)是護理專業(yè)教育中的關(guān)鍵步驟，同時也是提高護生綜合能力聯(lián)系實際的部分。在肝膽外科護理帶教中引入臨床路徑式教學(xué)模式，可結(jié)合肝膽外科教學(xué)特點，使教學(xué)方式和目標(biāo)具體化，有效提高帶教質(zhì)量。該次于2017年11月—2018年11月選取60名護理實習(xí)，研究分析肝膽外科臨床路徑式教學(xué)法在護理帶教中的應(yīng)用效果，現(xiàn)報道如下。