重點知識園地
重點單詞
1. organize? v. (=organise)? 組織;籌備
Ill invite people if you can organize food and drinks.
如果你能備辦飲食,我就負責請人。
搭配:
organize a party/trip? 組織聚會/旅行
organize well/badly? 組織周密/不好
organizer/organiser? n.? 組織者
organized/organised? adj.? 有條理的;安排有序的
organization/organisation? n.? 組織;團體;機構
2. upset? adj.? 難過;失望;沮喪
Dont get so upset.
別這么沮喪。
be upset with sb? 生某人的氣
She is still upset with me.
她還在生我的氣。
3. advice? n.? 勸告;建議
advise? v.? 勸告;建議
advice為不可數名詞;advise為及物動詞,后常跟名詞、代詞、動詞的-ing形式或賓語從句。advise是advice的動詞形式。
Could you please give us some advice?
你可以給我們一些建議嗎?
He advises students about common problems.
他就一些常見的問題給了學生們建議。
a piece of advice? 一條建議
ask sb for advice/ask advice of sb? 向某人征求意見
follow sbs advice? 接受某人的意見
give sb advice on sth? 就某事向某人提建議
take ones advice? 聽取某人的建議
advise sb (not) to do sth? 建議某人(不)做某事
4. unless? conj.? 除非;如果不
unless在句中引導條件狀語從句,相當于if... not。
I wont go to the party unless Tom invites me.
= If Tom doesnt invite me, I wont go to the party.
如果湯姆不邀請我的話,我是不會去參加那個聚會的。
注意:unless引導的從句可放在主句之后,也可以放在主句之前。當主句用一般將來時或是祈使句時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。
5. certainly? adv.? 無疑;肯定;當然;行
certainly用于修飾動詞時,表示同意所陳述的事或確信某事是真實的。certainly意為“當然”時是非正式用語,多見于口語;意為“必定”時是正式用語,口語和書面語均可使用。
certainly在句中的位置:如果有助動詞(be,do,have等),一般放于助動詞之后;如果表示否定,一般放于助動詞之前;也可位于句首或句末,表示強調。
He has almost certainly blown his chance of touring India this winter.
他幾乎肯定失去了今年冬天去印度旅行的機會。
—In any case you remained friends.
無論如何,你們都是朋友吧。
—Certainly.
當然。
6. angry? adj.? 發(fā)怒的;生氣的
(1)be/get angry with sb? 生某人的氣
My best friend is angry with me.
我最好的朋友在生我的氣。
(2)be/get angry at/about sth? 因某事而生氣
He got angry at her answer.
他對她的答復很生氣。
angrily? adv.? 憤怒地;生氣地
anger? n.? 怒;憤怒
7. careless? adj.? 粗心的;不小心的
(1)careless在句中可作定語。
A careless driver is a danger to us all.
粗心的司機對我們大家都是一種危險。
(2)careless在句中可作表語。
He used to be careless about his speech.
他以前說話常大大咧咧的。
be careless about/in? 對……粗心的,對……漫不經心的
be careless of ones health? 不愛惜身體
be careless with ones money? 隨便花錢
care? v.? 關心;擔心
careful? adj.? 小心的(與careless互為反義詞)
be careful? 小心(可單獨使用)
be careful of? 注意……
be careful with? 小心使用……
carefully? adv.? 小心地;謹慎地
8. mistake? n.? 錯誤;失誤
Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.
她的爸爸說他自己有時也會犯粗心的錯誤。
make a mistake/mistakes? 犯錯誤
by mistake? 錯誤地(不是故意做某事)
9. trust? v.? 相信;信任
If you break your word, he will never trust you again.
如果你不守信,他決不會再相信你。
Everything went all right, I trust.
但愿一切都進展順利。
trust in sb/sth? 相信/信任某人/某事
trust? n.? 信任,信賴;可信賴的人
10. experience? n.? 經驗;經歷
(1) experience意為“經驗”時,是不可數名詞。
Experience is the best teacher.
經驗是最好的老師。
(2)experience意為“經歷”時,是可數名詞。
I had a very interesting experience in Beijing.
我在北京有過一次很有趣的經歷。
experience? v.? 經歷(及物動詞)
Have you ever experienced failure?
你曾經歷過失敗嗎?
11. halfway? adj. & adv.? 在中途;部分地做(或達到)
be halfway to doing sth? 完成某事的一半
Theyre halfway to finishing the job.
他們離完成這項工作還有一半的進程。
She lost her way halfway to the zoo.
她在去動物園的路上迷路了。
重點短語
1. keep... to oneself? 保守秘密
I have to tell someone. I cant keep it to myself.
我得找人說說,我心里憋不住。
2. in half? 分成兩半
Please cut the orange in half.
請把這個橙子切成兩半。
cut... in half? 把……切成兩半
divide... in half? 把……分成兩半
活學活用
用advice的適當形式填空
1. Actually I rang you for some ____ .
Could you please ____ me what to do?
用care的適當形式填空
2. Dont be ____ about your work.
I asked her to be more ____ in future.
單項選擇
3. The teacher was angry ____ him because he made faces in class.
A. at B. with C. in D. about
4. Im going to make a soccer team. Can you help me ____ it?
A. keep B. play C. organize D. join
用介詞填空
5. I would never trust ____ what you said to me.
基本語法
if 引導的條件狀語從句
1.句中位置
if引導的條件狀語從句既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后。位于主句前時,從句與主句之間用逗號隔開;位于主句后時,中間不用任何標點符號。
If it rains tomorrow, Ill go to school by bus.
= Ill go to school by bus if it rains tomorrow.
如果明天下雨,我就乘公交車去上學。
2.時態(tài)
主句用一般將來時,if引導的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
If it is hot, well go swimming.
如果天氣熱,我們就去游泳。
3.省略形式
如果條件狀語從句由if引導,從句的主語與主句的主語一樣,或是it,從句中又有連系動詞be,此時條件狀語從句可以用省略形式。
Ill buy a computer if necessary.
如果有需要的話我會買一臺電腦。
4.轉換
(1)祈使句 + and/or陳述句,該結構中祈使句在意義上實際相當于條件狀語從句,兩者可以互相轉換。
Use your head, and youll find a way.
= If you use your head, youll find a way.
動動腦筋,你會找出辦法來的。
Hurry up, or youll be late.
= If you dont hurry up, youll be late.
快點兒,不然你就遲到了。
(2)unless意為“除非;如果不……”,表示否定條件時,相當于if... not。
Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.
= If you dont study hard, you will fail the exam.
如果你不努力學習,你就不會通過考試。