Recommend Actions for Governments and other Stakeholders（Ⅱ）

AI for offering lifelong learning opportunities for all

Reaffirm that the guiding principle for achieving SDG 4 is lifelong learning， which encompasses formal， non-formal and informal learning. Adopt AI platforms and data-based learning analytics as key technologies in building integrated lifelong learning systems to enable personalized learning anytime， anywhere and potentially for anyone， with respect for learners agency. Exploit the potential of AI to enable flexible learning pathways and the accumulation， recognition， certification and transfer of individual learning outcomes.

Be mindful of the need to give appropriate policy attention to the needs of older people， especially older women， and to engage them in developing the values and skills needed for living with AI in order to break the barriers to digital life. Plan and implement well-funded programmes to equip older workers with skills and options that enable them to remain economically active for as long as they choose and to engage in their societies.

Promoting equitable and inclusive use of AI in education

Reaffirm that ensuring inclusion and equity in and through education，and offering lifelong learning opportunities to all， are the cornerstones of achieving SDG 4 – Education 2030. Reaffirm that technological breakthroughs in the field of AI in education are an opportunity to improve access to education for the most vulnerable groups.

Ensure that AI promotes high-quality education and learning opportunities for all， irrespective of gender， disability， social or economic status， ethnic or cultural background， or geographic location. The development and use of AI in education should not deepen the digital divide and must not display bias against any minority or vulnerable groups.

Ensure that AI tools in teaching and learning enable the effective inclusion of students with learning impairments or disabilities and those studying in a language other than their mother tongue.

Gender-equitable AI and AI for gender equality

Underline that the gender gap in digital skills contributes to the low share of women among AI professionals and exacerbates existing gender inequalities.

Affirm our commitment to developing AI applications in education that are free from gender bias and to ensuring that the data used for AI development are gender sensitive. AI applications should drive the promotion of gender equality.

Promote gender equality in the development of AI tools and empower girls and women with AI skills to promote gender equality among AI workforces and employers.

Ensuring ethical， transparent and auditable use of education data and algorithms

Be cognizant that AI applications can impose different kinds of bias that are inherent in the data the technology is trained on and uses as input， as well as in the way that the processes and algorithms are constructed and used. Be cognizant of the dilemmas of balancing between open access to data and data privacy protection. Be mindful of the legal issues and ethical risks related to data ownership， data privacy and data availability for public good. Be mindful of the importance of adopting principles of ethics-， privacy- and security-by-design.

Test and adopt emerging AI technologies and tools for ensuring teachers and learners data privacy protection and data security. Support robust and long-term study of deeper issues of ethics in AI， ensuring AI is used for good and preventing its harmful applications. Develop comprehensive data protection laws and regulatory frameworks to guarantee the ethical， non-discriminatory， equitable， transparent and auditable use and reuse of learners data.

Adjust existing regulatory frameworks or adopt new ones to ensure responsible development and use of AI tools for education and learning. Facilitate research on issues related to AI ethics， data privacy and security， and on concerns about AIs negative impact on human rights and gender equality.

Monitoring， evaluation and research

Be mindful of the lack of systematic studies on the impacts of AI applications in education. Support research， innovation and analysis on the effects of AI on learning practices and learning outcomes， and on the emergence and validation of new forms of learning. Take an interdisciplinary approach to research on AI in education. Encourage cross-national comparative research and collaboration.

Consider the development of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to measure the impact of AI on education， teaching and learning， in order to provide a valid and robust evidence-based foundation for policy-making.

給政府和其他利益攸關(guān)方的行動(dòng)建議（二）

人工智能服務(wù)于提供全民終身學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)

重申終身學(xué)習(xí)是實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)4的指導(dǎo)方針，其中包括正規(guī)、非正規(guī)和非正式學(xué)習(xí)。采用人工智能平臺(tái)和基于數(shù)據(jù)的學(xué)習(xí)分析等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)構(gòu)建可支持人人皆學(xué)、處處能學(xué)、時(shí)時(shí)可學(xué)的綜合型終身學(xué)習(xí)體系，同時(shí)尊重學(xué)習(xí)者的能動(dòng)性。開發(fā)人工智能在促進(jìn)靈活的終身學(xué)習(xí)途徑以及學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果累積、承認(rèn)、認(rèn)證和轉(zhuǎn)移方面的潛力。

意識(shí)到需要在政策層面對(duì)老年人尤其是老年婦女的需求給予適當(dāng)關(guān)注，并使他們具備人工智能時(shí)代生活所需的價(jià)值觀和技能，以便為數(shù)字化生活消除障礙。規(guī)劃并實(shí)施有充足經(jīng)費(fèi)支持的項(xiàng)目，使較年長(zhǎng)的勞動(dòng)者具備技能和選擇，能夠隨自己所愿保持在經(jīng)濟(jì)上的從業(yè)身份并融入社會(huì)。

促進(jìn)教育人工智能應(yīng)用的公平與包容

重申確保教育領(lǐng)域的包容與公平以及通過教育實(shí)現(xiàn)包容與公平，并為所有人提供終身學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，是實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)4—2030年教育的基石。重申教育人工智能方面的技術(shù)突破應(yīng)被視為改善最弱勢(shì)群體受教育機(jī)會(huì)的一個(gè)契機(jī)。

確保人工智能促進(jìn)全民優(yōu)質(zhì)教育和學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，無論性別、殘疾狀況、社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)條件、民族或文化背景以及地理位置如何。教育人工智能的開發(fā)和使用不應(yīng)加深數(shù)字鴻溝，也不能對(duì)任何少數(shù)群體或弱勢(shì)群體表現(xiàn)出偏見。

確保教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)中的人工智能工具能夠有效包容有學(xué)習(xí)障礙或殘疾的學(xué)生，以及使用非母語學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生。

性別公平的人工智能和應(yīng)用人工智能促進(jìn)性別平等

強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)字技能方面的性別差距是人工智能專業(yè)人員中女性占比低的原因之一，且進(jìn)一步加劇了已有的性別不平等現(xiàn)象。

申明我們致力于在教育領(lǐng)域開發(fā)不帶性別偏見的人工智能應(yīng)用程序，并確保人工智能開發(fā)所使用的數(shù)據(jù)具有性別敏感性。同時(shí)，人工智能應(yīng)用程序應(yīng)有利于推動(dòng)性別平等。

在人工智能工具的開發(fā)中促進(jìn)性別平等，通過提升女童和婦女的人工智能技能增強(qiáng)她們的權(quán)能，在人工智能勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)和雇主中推動(dòng)性別平等。

確保教育數(shù)據(jù)和算法使用合乎倫理、透明且可審核

認(rèn)識(shí)到人工智能應(yīng)用程序可能帶有不同類型的偏見，這些偏見是訓(xùn)練人工智能技術(shù)所使用和輸入的數(shù)據(jù)自身所攜帶的以及流程和算法的構(gòu)建和使用方式中所固有的。認(rèn)識(shí)到在數(shù)據(jù)開放獲取和數(shù)據(jù)隱私保護(hù)之間的兩難困境。注意到與數(shù)據(jù)所有權(quán)、數(shù)據(jù)隱私和服務(wù)于公共利益的數(shù)據(jù)可用性相關(guān)的法律問題和倫理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。注意到采納合乎倫理、注重隱私和通過設(shè)計(jì)確保安全等原則的重要性。

測(cè)試并采用新興人工智能技術(shù)和工具，確保教師和學(xué)習(xí)者的數(shù)據(jù)隱私保護(hù)和數(shù)據(jù)安全。支持對(duì)人工智能領(lǐng)域深層次倫理問題進(jìn)行穩(wěn)妥、長(zhǎng)期的研究，確保善用人工智能，防止其有害應(yīng)用。制定全面的數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)法規(guī)以及監(jiān)管框架，保證能對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)者的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行合乎倫理、非歧視、公平、透明和可審核的使用和重用。

調(diào)整現(xiàn)有的監(jiān)管框架或采用新的監(jiān)管框架，以確保負(fù)責(zé)任地開發(fā)和使用用于教育和學(xué)習(xí)的人工智能工具。推動(dòng)關(guān)于人工智能倫理、數(shù)據(jù)隱私和安全相關(guān)問題，以及人工智能對(duì)人權(quán)和性別平等負(fù)面影響等問題的研究。

監(jiān)測(cè)、評(píng)估和研究

注意到缺乏有關(guān)人工智能應(yīng)用于教育所產(chǎn)生影響的系統(tǒng)性研究。支持就人工智能對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐、學(xué)習(xí)成果以及對(duì)新學(xué)習(xí)形式的出現(xiàn)和驗(yàn)證產(chǎn)生的影響開展研究、創(chuàng)新和分析。采取跨學(xué)科辦法研究教育領(lǐng)域的人工智能應(yīng)用。鼓勵(lì)跨國(guó)比較研究及合作。

考慮開發(fā)監(jiān)測(cè)和評(píng)估機(jī)制，衡量人工智能對(duì)教育、教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生的影響，以便為決策提供可靠和堅(jiān)實(shí)的證據(jù)基礎(chǔ)。