張紅霞
關(guān)鍵詞:中學(xué)英語;核心素養(yǎng);思維能力;寫作能力
中圖分類號:G633.41 ? ?文獻標(biāo)識碼:B ? ?文章編號:1009-010X(2020)05-0059-03
英語教師對如何提高學(xué)生寫作能力不斷進行深入探討和研究。本文以人教版九年級Unit 13 ?We are trying to save the earth復(fù)習(xí)課為依托,通過設(shè)計相應(yīng)活動來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫作能力。
一、學(xué)情分析
(一)教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
本單元話題是“保護環(huán)境”,分別從噪聲污染、空氣污染、水污染幾方面讓學(xué)生對環(huán)境破壞有直觀的認(rèn)識,從而激發(fā)其強烈的社會責(zé)任感和對未來發(fā)展的思考。作為一節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)課,筆者對整個單元的教學(xué)內(nèi)容進行了整合,從詞匯復(fù)習(xí)到句式和篇章復(fù)習(xí)都結(jié)合了不同的板塊主題。
(二)學(xué)生分析
這是筆者在山區(qū)一中學(xué)送教下鄉(xiāng)時的一節(jié)課。山區(qū)學(xué)校的學(xué)生英語相對較弱,缺乏運用語言的條件和環(huán)境,其口語表達能力較弱,英語的學(xué)習(xí)更多停留在對字詞句篇的記憶和理解上,還未形成內(nèi)化運用的習(xí)慣,從而導(dǎo)致寫作能力相對較弱。在本課的教學(xué)過程中,需搭建足夠穩(wěn)固的框架、激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣、樹立寫作信心,以達到教學(xué)目標(biāo),最終提升學(xué)生的寫作能力。
(三)教學(xué)目標(biāo)
根據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容與學(xué)生的學(xué)情分析,筆者借助詞匯、句式、語篇多種形式,將所有內(nèi)容圍繞發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境問題、解決環(huán)境問題來進行。
教學(xué)目標(biāo)如下:1.運用本單元已學(xué)詞匯、句型談?wù)撓嚓P(guān)環(huán)境問題;2.能根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容,疏通思維脈絡(luò),訓(xùn)練邏輯思維;3.能完成寫作任務(wù)。
二、教學(xué)過程
Step I. ?Word-checking
I. Match the words with their meanings.
Use the words to fill in the blanks.
Water Pollution
People are throwing l______ into the river. Even the b ____ of the river was full of rubbish. There were no more fish for f_______to catch.
Air Pollution
Factories burn c______ and pollute the air with black smoke.
Land pollution
People are using too many p_______ bags and t________ too much rubbish and waste. They are turning beautiful places into u______ ones.
Ⅱ.Match the words with their meanings.
Use the words to fill in the blanks.
Humans are doing too many bad things to the earth. Take “sharks” as an example.
People catch sharks and cut off their fins and then throw the sharks back into the ocean. This is not only c_____ but also h_________ to the environment.
Ⅲ.Match the words with their meanings.
Use the words to fill in the blanks.
Facing these problems, we must take a_____ to save our earth. What can we do?
1. We can ____________(乘坐公共汽車)or the subway instead of driving.
2. We can also __________(騎自行車).
3. We can never take _____(木制的) chopsticks or plastic bags when we buy takeaway food.
4. Remember to throw rubbish into the bin and _____ public places ______(保持干凈).
5. We can r___ books and paper.(重復(fù)使用).
6. We can ________(關(guān)上) the lights when we leave a room.
An unusual woman, Amy, puts many things___________ (充分利用).She has a house out of rubbish. The windows are from the old buildings that were __________(拆毀). The gate is made of rocks and old glasses b_______.
Wang Tao hopes to set up a “____(金屬) park”. In the park, he hopes these cold, hard iron can be _____(恢復(fù))to life with a little creativity.
設(shè)計意圖:圍繞本單元重點詞匯及句型,巧妙選取所有和環(huán)保相關(guān)的句子或篇章來進行重點詞匯復(fù)習(xí),并且讓學(xué)生能夠熟悉環(huán)保習(xí)慣的文本。為后期達到寫作訓(xùn)練的目的做鋪墊。
Step 2 ?Problems in our daily life
Water Pollution
People are throwing l______ into the river. Even the b _____of the river was full of rubbish. There were no more fish for f_______ to catch.
Air Pollution
Factories burn c______ and pollute the air with black smoke.
Land pollution
People are using too many p_______ bags and _________too much rubbish and waste. They are turning beautiful places into u_____ ones.
設(shè)計意圖:讓學(xué)生思考我們面對著哪些環(huán)境問題,激發(fā)其社會責(zé)任感。進一步為寫作做準(zhǔn)備。
Step 3 ?The ways to protect the environment
Facing these problems, we must take a_______ to save our earth. What can we do?
1. We can ____________(乘坐公共汽車)or the subway instead of driving.
2. We can also __________(騎自行車).
3. We can never take _____(木制的)chopsticks or plastic bag when we buy takeaway food.
4. Remember to throw rubbish into the bin and _____ public places ______ (保持干凈).
5. We can r____ books and paper(重復(fù)使用).
6. We can _________(關(guān)上)the lights when we leave a room.
Two heroes!
An unusual woman, Amy, puts many things ________________(充分利用). She has a house out of rubbish. The windows are from the old buildings that were _______________(拆毀).The gate is made of rocks and old glasses b_______.
Wang Tao hopes to set up a “__________(金屬)park”. In the park, he hopes these cold, hard iron can be ___________(恢復(fù))to life with a little creativity.
設(shè)計意圖:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考能做什么來保護環(huán)境?促進其對未來發(fā)展的思考。到此基本能讓學(xué)生完成整個邏輯思維發(fā)展——從發(fā)現(xiàn)問題到解決問題的過程,他們可以開始寫作。
Step 4 ?Writing
最近,中國大部分地區(qū)出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的霧霾天氣,故增強環(huán)保意識人人有責(zé)。我們學(xué)校最近開展了一次演講活動,來警醒學(xué)生要保護環(huán)境。請你就這一話題寫篇短文。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出。
提示:
1. What is our environment like now?
2. What can people do to stop the pollution?
My dear teachers and friends,
Now I will tell you something about our environment. As we all know,…
……
We really hope we can have a better and more beautiful earth! Lets take action!
設(shè)計意圖:
寫什么?——演講稿。倡導(dǎo)大家愛護環(huán)境。
寫幾個方面?1.現(xiàn)在環(huán)境惡劣(第一段);2.需要怎么做來保護環(huán)境(第二段);3.發(fā)出呼吁。
什么時態(tài)?1.一般現(xiàn)在時來描述現(xiàn)在的環(huán)境;2.一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時倡導(dǎo)怎么做。
Step 5 Show time
Ask the students to show their writings to the whole class.
設(shè)計意圖:提供平臺讓學(xué)生進行展示,達到寫作目的并且能夠師生共同進行點評。
Step 6 Homework
Polish the composition after class and share your ideas in your groups.
設(shè)計意圖:讓學(xué)生再次精修自己的作文,鞏固今天所學(xué)內(nèi)容,并且讓學(xué)生互相交流來開拓思路,進一步引發(fā)思考,喚起社會責(zé)任。
三、教學(xué)反思
本節(jié)課容量較大,對學(xué)生的思維能力、寫作能力要求比較高。筆者的反思主要有以下兩點。
首先,突出學(xué)生主體地位。本節(jié)課的設(shè)計考慮到山區(qū)學(xué)生的實際情況,一是他們面臨中考壓力,要迫切突破寫作難關(guān);二是他們英語基礎(chǔ)較弱,因此每步教學(xué)設(shè)計都盡量符合其認(rèn)知水平。在課堂教學(xué)中,教師關(guān)注到了每位學(xué)生并根據(jù)其反饋對他們進行鼓勵和引導(dǎo),使學(xué)生能大膽地投入課堂學(xué)習(xí),表達自己的觀點。
其次,整合整個單元內(nèi)容促進寫作能力的提高。在教學(xué)過程中,對教材進行整合及調(diào)整,使之為教學(xué)目標(biāo)服務(wù),建立各步驟間的緊密聯(lián)系。讓學(xué)生在自主學(xué)習(xí)、小組學(xué)習(xí)中運用語言,逐步達到寫作能力的提高。
四、結(jié)論
在初中英語的寫作教學(xué)中,教師需要更新觀念、從學(xué)生的學(xué)情出發(fā)設(shè)立適合他們的教學(xué)目標(biāo),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生深刻理解文本,培養(yǎng)他們的思維能力,從而逐步提高其寫作能力。