河南林州市第一中學(xué) 楊 莉

Starring Zhang Hanyu,Ou Hao,Du Jiang and Yuan Quan,The Captainwas a great success,joining the list of the top 10 films of all time at the country's box office. “We tried different ways to get the audience's attention,from the selection of the cast to the budget for special effects,and I'm glad it worked out,”says director Andrew Lau.

The Captainis based on a real-life event in which Sichuan Airlines pilot Liu Chuanjian managed to land an Airbus A319 safely after the cockpit(駕駛艙)window broke at an altitude of nearly 10,000 meters,from Chongqing on May 14,2018 to Lhasa.It's one ofthe most miraculous emergency landings in Chinese civil aviation(航空)history as the plane lost most of its automated controls and the co-pilot was sucked outofthe plane due to sudden decompression.Liu managed to regain control of the plane and made a successful landing in Chengdu,capital of Sichuan Province,saving all 128 peopleon board,includingninecrew members.

Lau recalls seeing the news story when it broke,and last September,he received a phone call from Yu Dong,president of the Bona Film Group,inviting him to be the director of the film adapted from Liu's story,but he was surprised by the yearlong deadline for the film's release.“Usually a film like this would take two years to shoot and make,including the postproduction period,which normally takes a year,”says Lau.

After accepting the challenge,he immediately started to prepare the script and study the special effects.Shooting started on January 3,2019 and took another three months to finish.The details of how the crew members operated the plane gained the appreciation ofcivil aviation authorities.Lau says his team interviewed and consulted different people at both airports,including staffmembersofcontrol towers and runways.

“Thanks to the staff from the airports in both Chengdu and Lhasa.They provided us with a lot of help and also all the information we needed to replicate(復(fù) 制)the actual scenes,”Lau says.A model of an Airbus A319 was built for the movie.Lau says he wanted the audience to feel how real it was.

“People told me to make the inside of the plane wider because it would be easier to shoot,but I insisted on the plane design being similar to that of the real aircraft.The clouds in the film are like a monster that stops the plane from flying back home,and the entire crew needed to fight together with determination.I want audiences to feel like they are sitting on a roller coaster to experience the whole landing process.”

Not only those leading roles but also those who played the passengers on the plane performed well in dealing with the emergency.The cast members created an atmosphere similar to the real situation inside the plane.

Cultural Background

2018年5月14日下午，記者聯(lián)系上機(jī)長(zhǎng)劉傳健，對(duì)他進(jìn)行了獨(dú)家專訪。

記者：劉機(jī)長(zhǎng)好，你現(xiàn)在身體好嗎？

劉：身體沒有感到明顯不適，接下來公司還會(huì)組織進(jìn)行一次全面的體檢。

記者：航班起飛時(shí)間是6點(diǎn)25分，事發(fā)時(shí)間和位置是什么？

劉：應(yīng)該是7點(diǎn)多，我沒注意到準(zhǔn)確的時(shí)間，離成都的距離大約在100公里至150公里。

記者：事發(fā)時(shí)有什么征兆嗎？

劉：沒有任何征兆，風(fēng)擋玻璃突然爆裂，“轟”一聲發(fā)出巨大的聲響。我往旁邊看時(shí)，副駕（身體）已經(jīng)飛出去一半，半邊身體在窗外懸掛。還好，他系了安全帶。駕駛艙物品全都飛起來了，許多設(shè)備出現(xiàn)故障，噪音非常大，無法聽到無線電。整個(gè)飛機(jī)震動(dòng)幅度非常大，無法看清儀表，操作困難。

記者：是怎樣的困難法？

劉：瞬間失壓和低溫讓人非常難受，每一個(gè)動(dòng)作都非常困難。你要知道，當(dāng)時(shí)飛機(jī)的速度是八九百公里 （每小時(shí)），又在那么高的高度。我給你打個(gè)比方：如果你在零下四五度的哈爾濱大街上，開車以200公里的時(shí)速狂奔，你把手伸出窗外，你能做什么？

記者：確實(shí)非常困難。我聽說發(fā)出了7700的指令？

訪談劉傳健機(jī)長(zhǎng)

劉：是我發(fā)的，在下降時(shí)候發(fā)的，發(fā)生了故障馬上就要發(fā)這個(gè)，是表示 “現(xiàn)在我需要幫助”，管制臺(tái)會(huì)看到它，知道大概的情況，發(fā)生了一個(gè)怎么樣的問題，我用鍵盤輸入數(shù)字。

記者：在自動(dòng)駕駛完全失靈，儀表盤損壞，無法得知飛行數(shù)據(jù)的情況下，如何確定方向、航向、返航機(jī)場(chǎng)的位置等？

劉：是的，完全是全人工操作，目視靠自己來判斷，民航很多是自動(dòng)設(shè)備，其他自動(dòng)設(shè)備都不能提供幫助。這條航線我飛了100次，應(yīng)該說各方面都比較熟悉。

記者：從飛行數(shù)據(jù)上可以看出，事故發(fā)生后，緊急下降分了兩個(gè)階段：一是從32，000英尺左右緊急下降高度；二是從24，000英尺高度下降到著陸。這是出于什么考慮？

劉：因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)（飛機(jī)）的速度非?？欤胍粢埠艽?，必須要進(jìn)行減速。直接下降的話，會(huì)造成飛機(jī)和機(jī)上人員的傷害。

記者：從發(fā)生事故到降落花了多少時(shí)間？

劉：大概20多分鐘。

記者：今天早上的天氣情況怎樣？對(duì)這次緊急迫降是否有影響？

劉：天氣幫了很大的忙。今天早上幾乎無云，能見度非常好，如果是降雨或者天氣狀況不好的話，后果無法預(yù)料。