張倩云

Alan Turing， the man widely recognised as being the father of modern computer science， has been honored by being selected to appear on a United Kingdom banknote. Mr. Turing was chosen ahead of a wealth of notable British historical figures and luminaries1 to be the face of the new ￡50 note. Turing was instrumental in helping Britain and its allies2 win World War II. He led a team of codebreakers to crack the Enigma code3 the Nazis used to send messages to warships and military4 commanders. He invented the now famous British Bombe to do this. This was a giant computer， which ushered in the birth of modern computing and the beginnings of artificial5 intelligence.

Alan Turing was a mathematical genius who also excelled in the sciences. He was born in London in 1912. He graduated from Cambridge University and then outlined his vision for creating an algorithm-based6 computing machine. He said of his invention， “This is only a foretaste of what is to come， and only the shadow of what is going to be.” His idea is central to the computers we use today. His brilliance led to his being asked to join the WWII code-breaking team. Despite his pivotal role in ending that war， he was persecuted7 in the post-war years for being homosexual8. Being gay was illegal in the UK until 1967. Turing died in 1954， aged 41， in an apparent suicide.

艾倫·圖靈，被公認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)之父，他因此榮譽(yù)而被選中出現(xiàn)在了英國的鈔票上。圖靈先生在眾多著名的英國歷史人物和名人中脫穎而出，被選為新發(fā)行的50英鎊紙幣上的人物。圖靈在幫助英國及其盟國在二戰(zhàn)中獲勝發(fā)揮了重要作用。他帶領(lǐng)一個破譯小組破解了納粹用來向軍艦和軍事指揮官發(fā)送信息的恩尼格瑪密碼。他發(fā)明了現(xiàn)在著名的英國“炸彈機(jī)”來做這件事。這是一臺大型計(jì)算機(jī)，它引導(dǎo)了現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)的誕生和人工智能的開始。

艾倫·圖靈是一個數(shù)學(xué)天才，在科學(xué)方面也很出色。他于1912年出生在倫敦。他畢業(yè)于劍橋大學(xué)，然后描述了他創(chuàng)建的基于算法的計(jì)算機(jī)的愿景。他談到他的發(fā)明時說：“這只是對未來的預(yù)感，也是未來的影子?！彼南敕ㄊ俏覀兘裉焓褂玫挠?jì)算機(jī)的核心。他因才華而被要求加入二戰(zhàn)破譯組。盡管他在結(jié)束那場戰(zhàn)爭的過程中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用，但在戰(zhàn)后，他因同性戀者身份而受到迫害。在1967年之前，在英國同性戀是違法的。圖靈于1954年自殺身亡，享年41歲。