杜文治 裴丹丹 劉潔 王珍珍 賀敏 逯宜
[摘要]目的:針對(duì)成人正中多生牙患者,評(píng)價(jià)其非正畸美學(xué)修復(fù)方案及效果。方法:選取2015年7月-2017年12月在筆者醫(yī)院全瓷修復(fù)治療的成人正中多生牙患者16例,共19顆全瓷修復(fù)體,永久戴用1天、1周、6個(gè)月、12個(gè)月后復(fù)查,利用改良Ryge標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)全瓷修復(fù)體修復(fù)后效果進(jìn)行評(píng)估,并對(duì)患者進(jìn)行滿意度調(diào)查。結(jié)果:在修復(fù)體初戴時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),4例患者對(duì)修復(fù)體顏色不滿,經(jīng)技師現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)色滿意后并粘接;術(shù)后1周內(nèi),部分患者出現(xiàn)暫時(shí)牙齦輕度紅腫及一過性敏感癥狀,短期內(nèi)癥狀緩解并消失;術(shù)后6個(gè)月,1例修復(fù)體崩瓷返工;術(shù)后1年隨訪發(fā)現(xiàn)患者的主觀滿意度高達(dá)100%。結(jié)論:通過全瓷修復(fù)治療上頜正中多生牙,避免正畸治療所帶來的一些痛苦,能在一定程度上改善前牙美觀,滿足患者的個(gè)性化需求,可作為治療正中多生牙的一種臨床選擇。
[關(guān)鍵詞]成人;全瓷修復(fù)體;美學(xué)修復(fù);正中牙;滿意度
[中圖分類號(hào)]R783.4? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼]A? ? [文章編號(hào)]1008-6455(2019)10-0106-03
Abstract: Objective? The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effects of adult patients with mesiodens treated by all-ceramic restorations. Methods The present study consisted of 19 all-ceramic restorations of 16 adults with mesiodens from July 2015 to December 2017.The clinical effects treated by all-ceramic restroations were assessed by using the modified Ryge criteria, and the satisfaction of patient was investigated through the questionnaire. Results? At the beginning of the restoration, 4 patients were dissatisfied with the color of the prosthesis. While through the adjustment by the technicians on-site, they all satisfied the color and agreed that the prosthesis to be adhered. Within 1 week after restoration, several patients presented temporary mild gingival redness and swelling and transient sensitive symptoms, which were relieved and then disappeared in a short time. After six months, 1 case of ceramic restoration was reworked for the cracking of porcelain. In addition, the patient's subjective satisfaction was as high as 100% after all patients were followed up for more than one year. Conclusion? Using all-ceramic restorations to repair mesiodens can improve the aesthetic of the patients and reduce the pain caused by orthodontic treatment. Therefore, all-ceramic restorations can be used as a clinical option for the treatment of mesiodens.
Key words: adults; all-ceramic restoration; aesthetic prosthetics; mesioden; satisfaction
正常牙數(shù)之外多生的牙為多生牙,也稱額外牙[1]。多生牙可發(fā)生在頜骨的任何部位,上頜中線是最好發(fā)區(qū)域,即“正中多生牙”(Mesioden),位于上頜兩中切牙之間,常為單個(gè),也可成對(duì)[2]。在臨床上對(duì)于正中多生牙,尤其是埋伏牙,常拔除后采用正畸調(diào)整間隙,再通過修復(fù)治療改善前牙美觀。但是正畸治療對(duì)于成年患者來說存在諸多問題,而且正中牙的治療方案取決于它的形態(tài)、部位,與鄰牙的關(guān)系等多種因素,對(duì)于合適的病例也可考慮保留多生牙[3]。本研究通過收集臨床上正中多生牙患者16例,探討未采用正畸治療,僅利用全瓷貼面或冠修復(fù)正中多生牙的臨床效果。
1? 資料和方法
1.1 一般資料:本研究選取2015年7月-2017年12月在筆者醫(yī)院治療的成人正中多生牙16例患者,其中男12例,女4例,年齡19~43歲。其中保留正中多生牙,直接行全瓷修復(fù)者13例,共13個(gè)修復(fù)體;拔除正中多生牙后,行11牙和21牙貼面、單冠或聯(lián)冠修復(fù)關(guān)閉間隙者3例,共6個(gè)修復(fù)體。
1.2 修復(fù)方法
1.2.1 修復(fù)前準(zhǔn)備:①修復(fù)前,對(duì)患牙拍X線根尖片,測(cè)量冠根比,觀察根尖周情況;②牙周潔治(如:有牙齦炎及牙周炎癥者);③口腔衛(wèi)生宣教;④與患者充分溝通,告知治療中存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),簽署知情同意書;⑤制作診斷蠟型;⑥比色:以鄰牙作為參考比色。
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[收稿日期]2019-02-21
本文引用格式:杜文治,裴丹丹,劉潔,等.成人上頜正中多生牙的臨床美學(xué)修復(fù)探討[J].中國(guó)美容醫(yī)學(xué),2019,28(10):106-109.