河南焦作市第十一中學(xué) 閆春菊

題材文章詞數(shù)心理284 難度 ★★★體裁建議用時說明文5′

海詞積累

1.auditoryadj.聽的；聽覺的

2.tumultuousadj.嘈雜的；喧囂的

3.depictionn.描繪；描寫

4.intensityn.強(qiáng)度

5.physiologicaladj.生理的；生理學(xué)的

6.consistentadj.一致的

7.psychologyn.心理學(xué)

8.anticipatev.預(yù)料；預(yù)計(jì)

UCL(UniversityCollegeLondon)study backed by Audible finds unconscious responses to the same book scenes,witnessed in adaptations across differentmedia,are strongest in theauditoryformat.

AsAryaStarkwatchesfromthecrowd,tearsstreaming,KingJoffreytoyswithherfatherNedStarkbeforeexecutinghiminfront ofatumultuouscrowd.This scene fromGame ofThronesis extremely upsetting in any medium—but a new study by UCL has found that audiobooksaremore “emotionally engaging” than film and television adaptations.

UCL,in collaboration with audiobook giant Audible,measured the physical reactions of 102 participants aged between 18 and 67 to audio and videodepictionsof scenes from books includingGameofThrones,TheGirlontheTrainandGreatExpectations.The sceneswere chosen based on their“emotionalintensity”,and forhaving tiny differences between the audio and video adaptations.

According to the study,while the participants reported that the videoswere“more engaging”than the audiobooks by about 15%on average,theirphysiologicalresponses told a different story,with heart rates higher by about two beats aminute,and body temperatures raised by roughly two degrees when they listened to audiobooks.The evidence wasconsistentacross different stories and different participant ages.

Dr Joseph Devlin,head of experimentalpsychologyat UCL and lead researcher on the project,said,“You're hearing the story butmentally you're doing all the work,whereas when you're watching it,it'smore of a passive experience.The director's imagination has brought it to life.We'danticipatedwemight see something in the physiology but we didn't expect the results to be as clear as they were.”

——FromTheGuardian

閱讀自測

Decideifthefollowingstatementsare true（T） or false （F）.

（ ）1.Audiobooks tend to involve the readers to a larger extent in emotion.

（ ）2.The experimentwas conducted by UCL and audiobook giant Audible.

（ ）3.There were obvious differences between the audio and video adaptations in the experiment.

（ ）4.The participants'physiological responses and psychology responses kept the same in the experiment.

語言學(xué)習(xí)

寫作推薦

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)用作狀語

As Arya Stark watches from the crowd,tears streaming,King Joffrey toyswith her father Ned Stark before executing him in front of a tumultuous crowd.艾莉亞·史塔克站在人群中，淚眼模糊地看著國王喬佛里在喧囂的人潮前戲弄她的父親奈德·史塔克，然后處決了后者。

句中的tears streaming是一個獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于描繪性文字中，其作用相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句，常用來表示時間、原因、條件、方式或伴隨情況等。例如：

The meeting being over,all of us went home.開完會后我們都回家了。（表時間）

The condition being favourable,he may succeed.如果條件有利，他或許能成功。（表?xiàng)l件）

There being no taxis,we had to walk.沒有出租車，我們只好步行。（表原因）

Almost allmetals are good conductors,silver being the best of all.幾乎所有的金屬都是良導(dǎo)體，而銀則是最好的導(dǎo)體。 (表伴隨情況)

【仿寫】他躺在草地上，將兩手交叉枕在腦后。

參考譯文

聞?wù)吡鳒I：有聲書比電影更能調(diào)動你的情緒

Audible公司支持的倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們在看過不同媒體對同一本書中場景的改編后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)有聲格式的書帶來的無意識反應(yīng)最強(qiáng)。

艾莉亞·史塔克站在人群中，淚眼模糊地看著國王喬佛里在喧囂的人潮前戲弄她的父親奈德·史塔克，然后處決了后者?！稒?quán)力的游戲》中的這一場景通過任何視聽手段呈現(xiàn)都是令人心慟的。但倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，相較于電影和電視的改編，有聲書在讓人投入情感上更勝一籌。

倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院和有聲讀物公司Audible合作，測試了年齡在18～67歲的102名受試者在觀看《權(quán)力的游戲》《火車上的女孩》和《遠(yuǎn)大前程》中特定場景的有聲書和視頻后的反應(yīng)。這些場景是基于受試者的情感強(qiáng)度選取的，而且這些場景中的有聲書和改編版的視頻內(nèi)容差別很小。

根據(jù)該研究，盡管參與者反饋，在“參與感更強(qiáng)”一項(xiàng)上，視頻比有聲書平均高出15%，但他們的生理反應(yīng)給出了不一樣的答案。聽有聲書時，參與者的心率每分鐘會增加兩次，體溫升高近兩度。且當(dāng)面對不同的故事和年齡段不同的參與者時，該體征具有一致性。

約瑟夫·德弗林博士是倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)系主任，也是這個項(xiàng)目的首席研究員。他說：“你雖然只是在聽故事，但你的大腦在完成所有的工作。相比之下，當(dāng)你觀看視頻的時候，則更像一個被動的經(jīng)歷，因?yàn)閷?dǎo)演已經(jīng)用自己的想象力把故事展現(xiàn)出來了。我們有預(yù)感會看到一些生理學(xué)上的反應(yīng)，但沒想到結(jié)果會這么直觀明了?！?/p>