黑龍江 孫淑元

●句型梳理

1.How's the weather in Beijing?

“How is/was the weather...?” 意 為“……天氣怎么樣？”，常用來詢問天氣情況，weather后面可接時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語。對其回答時(shí)用“It is/was+表示天氣情況的形容詞”或“It is/was+現(xiàn)在分詞”。例如：

①—How was the weather yesterday?昨天的天氣怎么樣？

—It was cloudy.多云。

②—How's the weather in Harbin?哈爾濱的天氣怎么樣？

—It's snowing.正在下雪。

【知識拓展】句型“What is/was the weather like...?”也常用來詢問天氣情況，可以與“How is/was the weather...?”互換使用。例如：

What's the weather like in Canada in winter?=How is the weather in Canada in winter?加拿大冬季的天氣怎么樣？

【真題再現(xiàn)】

—What's the weather like today?

—________.

【2016·黔西南州中考題】

A.It's SundayB.It's sunny

C.I hope soD.Thanks

【答案與解析】B問句詢問的是天氣情況，回答應(yīng)用“It is+表示天氣情況的形容詞”。故選B項(xiàng)。

2.How's it going?

“How's it going?”意為“最近怎么樣？”，用來詢問某人最近的工作、生活以及學(xué)習(xí)等情況，回答時(shí)常用 “Great./Not bad./Pretty good./Terrible./Everything is going well.”等表示不同的情況。例如：

—Hi，Kate.Nice to meet you.How's it going?嗨，凱特。很高興見到你。最近怎么樣？

—Oh，not bad.哦，還不錯。

【真題再現(xiàn)】

—Tim，how is it going with you?

—________.I'm having fun.

【2016·云南中考題】

A.TerribleB.Boring

C.Very tiringD.Pretty good

【答案與解析】D根據(jù)答句后一個(gè)句子的意思“我過得很開心”可知，蒂姆現(xiàn)在狀況很好，因此用“Pretty good.”作答。 故選D項(xiàng)。

3.Can you tell him to call me back?

tell sb.（not）to do sth.意為“告訴某人（不）做某事”，其中的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：

Tina told you to come here a little early tomorrow.蒂娜告訴你明天早點(diǎn)到這里來。

【真題再現(xiàn)】

—Would you like to go swimming with me，Tom?

—Sorry，but our teachers always tellus_______in the river.

【2018·咸寧中考題】

A.don't swimB.not swimming

C.not to swimD.to not swim

【答案與解析】C根據(jù)語境可知答句句意為“對不起，我們的老師總是告訴我們不要在河里游泳”，“告訴某人不要做某事”要用tell sb.not to do sth.表達(dá)。故選C項(xiàng)。

4.I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.

watch sb.doing sth.意為“觀看某人正在做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行。例如：

Li Kai is watching his grandma dancing with other old people.李凱正在看他奶奶和其他老年人跳舞。

【知識拓展】具有這種用法的動詞除watch外，還有see、hear等。 例如：

I hear a little girl reading English in the classroom.我聽見一個(gè)小女孩正在教室里讀英語。

【知識拓展】watch/see/hear sb.do sth.意為“觀看（看見、聽見）某人做過某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的全過程。例如：

I often see the boy fly a kite in the park.我經(jīng)?？匆娺@個(gè)男孩在公園里放風(fēng)箏。

【真題再現(xiàn)】

—Where are you，Eric?

—I'm in the living room.I'm watching my dad_______chess with my grandpa.

【2018·大慶中考模擬題】

A.playB.playing

C.playsD.to play

【答案與解析】B根據(jù)語境及空白處所在句子的時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處考查watch sb.doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B項(xiàng)。

5.It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.

enjoy意為“喜歡”，enjoy doing sth.意為“喜歡做某事”。例如：

My friend enjoys reading books.我朋友喜歡看書。

【知識拓展】enjoy oneself意為“過得快活；玩得痛快”，與have a good time意思相近。例如：

Did you enjoy yourselves at the party?=Did you have a good time at the party?你們在聚會上玩得愉快嗎？

【真題再現(xiàn)】

①Some people enjoy_______out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.

【2018·南京中考題】

A.to sendB.send

C.sendingD.sent

【答案與解析】Cenjoy后接動詞時(shí)，要用動名詞形式。故選C項(xiàng)。

②Welcome you all to China and enjoy_______here.

【2018·黔東南中考題】

A.yourselfB.yourselves

C.themselvesD.himself

【答案與解析】Boneself在數(shù)上應(yīng)與前面的you all保持一致，所以要用yourselves。故選B項(xiàng)。

6.The new couple were so happy that they couldn't stop smiling when they got married.

stop doing sth.意為“停止做某事”，指的是停止正在做的事情。例如：

You should stop smoking.It's bad foryour health.你應(yīng)該戒煙，它對你身體不好。

【知識拓展】stop to do sth.意為“停止……去做……”，指停止正在做的事情而去做另一件事情，動詞不定式作目的狀語。例如：

Mrs.Green's daughter stopped to answer the telephone.格里夫人的女兒停下來去接電話。

【真題再現(xiàn)】

①The child is crying.Please do something to make him_______.

【2017·宜賓中考題】

A.stop to cry

B.stop crying

C.to stop crying

【答案與解析】B根據(jù)語境可知句意為“這個(gè)孩子正在哭，請做一些事情讓他不哭”。make sb.do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”；表示“停止做某事”用stop doing sth.。故選B項(xiàng)。

②We have worked so long.Shall we stop_______a rest?

【2016·青島中考題】

A.haveB.to having

B.havingD.to have

【答案與解析】D根據(jù)題干前一個(gè)句子的意思“我們已經(jīng)工作這么長時(shí)間了”及生活常理可知，題干后一個(gè)句子的意思應(yīng)是“我們要停下來休息一下嗎”，表達(dá)的是停止現(xiàn)在的工作去休息，因此用stop to do sth.句型。故選D項(xiàng)。

●學(xué)以致用

根據(jù)句意，選擇正確的答案填空。

1.—What are you doing，Eric?

—I'm watching Tom_______the kite.

A.to flyB.flying

C.fliesD.fly

2.I enjoy_______in the pool near my house in summer.

A.swimB.to swim

C.swimmingD.to swimming

3.—________is the weather like in July in your city?

—It's hot and rainy.

A.HowB.When

C.WhereD.What

4.Every morning the old people enjoy_______in the square，singing and dancing.

A.themselvesB.them

C.himselfD.him

5.Tell the children_______there.Wait until Miss White comes back.

A.leaveB.to leave

C.not leaveD.not to leave

6.—Julie，how's it going?

—________.

A.Thank you

B.I'm sorry

C.Not bad

D.You're welcome

7.—How's the weather in Guangdong?—________.

A.Yes，I like it

B.It's cloudy

C.That's right

D.Sounds good