Huang Ying

(China Communications Construction Investment Co.LTD,Beijing 100029)

Abstract:With the continuous development of economy,the construction of modern agricultural science and technology park has become an effective method to promote agricultural development.In order to promote the development of agricultural science and technology park,this paper analyzes the current situation,basic characteristics and key points of the construction in detail,and proposes the corresponding evaluation index system and evaluation standard,in order to provide references for relevant practitioners and scholars.

Key words:modern agricultural science and technology park;construction;evaluation index system exploration

As a demonstration carrier of agricultural technology assembly and integration,transformation of scientific and technological achievements and modern agricultural production,the agricultural science and technology park mainly focuses on the development,demonstration and popularization of agricultural science and technology.Through system innovation and mechanism innovation,the comprehensive quality of agricultural enterprises and individual farmers can be improved,so that the regional agricultural structure can be effectively adjusted and industrial upgrading can be realized.The construction of modern agricultural science and technology park is the necessary access to promote agricultural technology innovation and realize the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.

I.Current Situation and Basic Characteristics of the Construction of Agricultural Science and Technology Parks

(i)Status Analysis

At present,there are more than 50 demonstration parks for comprehensive agricultural development at the national level,and nearly 10,000 agricultural science and technology parks at the provincial,municipal and county-level level.Since the pilot construction,agricultural science and technology parks at all levels have played a great role in the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements,the incubation and cultivation of agricultural enterprises,the promotion of farmers' income,the acceleration of local economic development and the improvement of regional scientific and technological innovation capabilities.

(ii)The Basic Characteristics of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Parks

Modern agricultural science and technology parks should have the following basic characteristics.First,technology and knowledge is intensive.As the carrier of cultivation,introduction,transformation and demonstration of agricultural technology,the agricultural science and technology park is bound to gather many high-tech agricultural science and technology and research and development enterprises.Second,capital is intensive.It is common to experience failure and re-research during the research,development and incubation of agricultural science and technology in the process of research and development,at this time,a large amount of money is needed to maintain the normal operation of scientific research projects.Third,the integrity of industrial chain in the park.Modern agricultural science and technology park shoulders the industrialization of high-tech agriculture,so basically it has the links of research and development,production,marketing and follow-up operation services on the industrial chain.Fourth,the diversity of participants.The park can adopt policies,laws,economy and other means in a specific area to realize the mutual integration of government departments,social enterprises,scientific and educational institutions,farmers and other right subjects,promote the development of local economy and social benefits,and build a new production development model.

II.The Key of the Construction of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Parks

(i)Scientifically Constructing the Relationship between Core Zone,Demonstration Zone,Radiation Zone

In the planning stage of the park,it is necessary to define the specific scope,construction content and operation content of the core zone,demonstration zone and radiation zone.Firstly,the construction should be carried out around the core area,which is also the core area of technological innovation,mainly responsible for the introduction,development and application of various new agricultural technologies,as well as the cultivation of new varieties of seeds with significant advantages.Secondly,the demonstration zone should be built as a bridge between the core zone and the radiation zone to ensure the large-scale production of the local agricultural science and technology park.Finally,promote new agricultural products and crops in the radiation area,and comprehensively ensure making effective adjustment on the output structure of local agricultural products through technical radiation,so as to improve the overall quality and output of agricultural products and achieve the goal of high yield.It is not only necessary to highlight local characteristics,but also need to encourage diversified agricultural models development,and fully combine different regions,different natural conditions,advantages of different crop resources and different industrial structures to promote the construction of agricultural science and technology parks[1].

(ii)Cultivating Local Bibcock Enterprise,Promoting the Development of Integral Agriculture

In the process of construction of the park,it is necessary to combine the industrial layout of its own region and comprehensively build a cooperative development trinity model of“company,agricultural cooperative,agricultural base and peasant household”,so as to ensure that the interests of the three parties form a community,thus promoting the significant improvement of the overall benefits of local agriculture[2].Through the scientific and technological advantages in the park,new varieties,new crops and new products will be cultivated and promoted and applied in local agricultural enterprises,agricultural cooperatives and agricultural bases,by using its planting capacity,production capacity,sales capacity and after-sales service capacity to realize the industrialization of new varieties,new crops and new products,so as to realize specialized agricultural production,integrated agricultural management,enterprise-oriented agricultural management and socialized agricultural services.

III.Evaluation Index System of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Parks

(i)Evaluation Objects and Working Methods

The object of this evaluation system is the overall situation of the construction of modern agricultural science and technology parks.By using expert evaluation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods,5 first-level indicators are selected.On this basis,they are decomposed into 18 second-level indicators,which are scored in percentage system.Combined with the results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the scores of several experts,the weights of the first and second level indexes were determined.In this way,the comprehensive evaluation of the park is carried out to provide reference for the evaluation and assessment of the agricultural science and technology park.

(ii)Evaluation System and Evaluation Criteria

1.Model and Management Evaluation Index

(1)Development patterns.Whether the relationship among farmers,enterprises,parks and intermediary organizations is win-win cooperation,whether a scientific benefit distribution mechanism is formed,and whether its operating system has reference significance.

(2)Relevant policy.Whether to formulate relevant policies,including policies related to tax incentives,talent introduction and environmental protection,whether these policies are effective,and whether the park can form an effective social cohesion capacity.

(3)Organization guarantee.Whether relevant departments and local governments attach great importance to it,whether relevant government leaders take the lead,and whether the construction of agricultural science and technology parks is integrated into local social and economic development plans or special plans.

(4)Management system.Whether to formulate and implement the construction and management system of the park,and whether its effect is conducive to promoting the development of the park.

2.Demonstration Ability Evaluation Index

(1)Regional economic representation.Whether the leading industries and leading enterprises in the park are consistent with the characteristics and advantages of the regional economy,and whether they can drive the social and economic sustainable development of the region.

(2)Regional advantage driving degree.Whether the current situation and development of the park can promote the local economy to give full play to the advantages of resource endowment,upgrade the industrial structure and form an agricultural brand.

(3)The guiding degree of generation agriculture.Whether it is scientific in production mode,operation mode,quality management mode and marketing mode,whether it is reasonable and efficient in the allocation of production factors,whether it has achieved remarkable results in talent introduction,standard application and patent protection,and what is the level of labor productivity.

3.Evaluation Index of Scientific and Technological Ability

(1)The ability to transform scientific and technological achievements.Whether the number of scientific and technological achievements introduced in the past three years is up to the standard,what is the effect of transforming scientific and technological achievements,and whether stable and effective cooperative relations have been established with relevant agricultural universities and research institutes.

(2)Independent scientific and technological innovation ability.What is the comprehensive ability of the core areas to independently develop new technologies,new varieties and new facilities,what is the ability of science and technology to support agricultural development.

(3)“Three zones”technology promotion capacity.Whether the promotion channels of science and technology between core zone,demonstration zone and radiation zone are unimpeded and whether the linkage effect is effective.

(4)Talent introduction and training ability.Whether the talent structure of the park is reasonable,whether the mechanism of the park can attract all kinds of talents to enter the park for research and entrepreneurship,whether the training facilities are perfect,whether the training system at all levels is established,whether the on-the-job training is carried out for farmers.

(5)Science and technology project execution ability.Whether the park has undertaken scientific and technological projects above the provincial level,and whether the goals have been pushed and achieved.

4.Environmental Construction Evaluation Index

(1)Ecological environment.Whether the control of agro-chemicals and pollution sources is up to the standard,whether the secondary resources generated by agriculture and animal husbandry can be utilized,whether the agro-ecological environment meets the relevant standards,what is the pollutionfree level of agricultural products,including green food and organic food.

(2)Infrastructure.Whether the production area and living area are reasonably distributed,whether water,electricity,gas,communications,transportation and other supporting facilities are reasonably configured,and what is the utilization level of facilities.

(3)Service system.Whether the quality and efficiency of the transfer of technological achievements in the park have reached the relevant standards.

5.Overall Effect Evaluation Index

(1)Planning and implementation plan completion.Whether the construction objectives and tasks are completed as scheduled,whether the implementation plan is implemented smoothly,and how the implementation effect is.

(2)Economic benefit.What is the level and growth rate of the sales of agricultural products in the core zone,how is the value and growth rate of tax,how is the agricultural output value level and growth rate in demonstration zone and radiation zone,how is the farmer's per capita income level and growth rate

(3)Social benefit.What is the driving effect of the construction of the park on improving the employment level and quality of life of local farmers,promoting direct and indirect employment and social stability.

In conclusion,modernization and industrialization are the development trend of Chinese agriculture.The construction of modern agricultural science and technology parks can effectively promote the development of Chinese agricultural science and technology level and promote the specialized development of regional economy,which is an important path for China to realize agricultural modernization and industrialization.The scientific evaluation of the development of agricultural science and technology parks and the timely summary of the experience and lessons in the development will point out the direction for the future construction of Chinese agricultural science and technology parks and improve the level and benefits of the construction of Chinese agricultural science and technology parks.