王帥 李立生 宋曉東 孫毅 王善龍 馬驍壯
關(guān)鍵詞: 小電流接地; 小波包; 綜合能量系數(shù); 單相接地故障; 零序電流; 故障定段
中圖分類號: TN99?34; TM77 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文章編號: 1004?373X(2019)01?0113?06
Abstract: Aiming at the problem of single?phase?to?ground fault location in small current grounding system, a fault section location strategy of small current grounding system based on wavelet packet frequency band decomposition and comprehensive energy coefficient (CEC) is proposed to allocate different weights for energy ratios of low?frequency and high?frequency bands at different fault occurrence moments, obtain the energy information in fault zero?sequence current signal to the maximum extent, avoid that the efficient current energy information could not be extracted due to inaccurate selection of signal frequency band, and the fault section is determined according to the CEC difference of fault line and normal line. The proposed single?phase?to?ground comprehensive fault section location strategy can identify the main feeder fault, penetrating line fault and terminal line fault, isn′t influenced by transition resistance and fault occurrence moment, and has high accuracy and reliability, which is verified by theoretical analysis and ATP?EMTP based simulation model.
Keywords: small current grounding; wavelet packet; comprehensive energy coefficient; single?phase?to?ground fault; zero?sequence current; fault section location
在我國,配電網(wǎng)一般采用小電流接地的方式,因而在單相接地故障發(fā)生時,各種故障特征不明顯,使其故障位置辨識變得極為困難。傳統(tǒng)基于故障穩(wěn)態(tài)特征量的單相接地故障識別判據(jù)如零序電流幅值法、零序電流比相法、零序無功功率方向法[1?4]等只能用于故障選線而無法確定故障區(qū)段,且易受消弧線圈的影響。
由于單相接地故障暫態(tài)信息量較為豐富,已有較多研究基于故障暫態(tài)信息量進(jìn)行故障選線及定位,如基于小波變換、數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué)等數(shù)學(xué)方法的故障特征提取方法以及基于行波法原理的故障識別方法[5?9]。上述暫態(tài)分析方法多數(shù)都是從能量的角度提取某一個特定頻帶的方法來分析信號,然而由于故障發(fā)生時刻的不同,對應(yīng)線路上能量集中的頻段也會有所不同。如果頻段選取不當(dāng),可能會導(dǎo)致無法提取有效的能量信息,也就無法進(jìn)一步對故障與非故障線路進(jìn)行識別。同時,對于末級線路或貫穿線路故障,上述方案均無法很好地進(jìn)行故障辨識。
隨著配電自動化的發(fā)展,饋線逐步實現(xiàn)了分段開關(guān)區(qū)段化,各饋線終端單為配網(wǎng)故障區(qū)段定位提供了更多的信息支持,借助這些信息,本文提出一種基于小波包頻段分解及綜合能量系數(shù)的小電流接地系統(tǒng)故障定段方案,理論分析和仿真驗證表明,所提單相接地故障定段方案能有效識別主饋線故障、貫穿線路故障以及末級線路故障,具有較高的準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性。
本文提出一種基于小波包頻段分解及綜合能量系數(shù)的小電流接地系統(tǒng)故障定段方案,理論分析及仿真驗證了所提綜合能量系數(shù)方案的可靠性及準(zhǔn)確性均高于傳統(tǒng)依賴單一頻段能量提取的故障識別方案;可耐受較高過渡電阻,且不受故障發(fā)生時刻的影響,能有效辨識區(qū)域內(nèi)各線路故障。
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