In the current context of globalization， English is playing an increasingly prominent role as a language tool. With the rapid development of China’s economy and the increasing frequency of international exchanges， the language requirements for future workers are also increasing rapidly. As English is a communication tool， vocabulary is like a cornerstone which plays an important role in language learning and use. In our country， many high school students are good at grammar， but due to the lack of vocabulary， they are often unable to understand the reading and listening materials well， and cannot communicate with foreigners effectively in English. High school students often complain that words are too hard to remember.Therefore， it is urgent to master some effective vocabulary learning methods and strategies.

Strategies for vocabulary learning

1. Expand vocabulary accumulation

Before learning English vocabulary， we should begin”understanding words”.Understand the perspective of understanding of words， the pronunciation， characters， structure and so on and find English word formation rules， on the basis of understanding fully expand vocabulary.

2. Learning in combination with the context

English learning needs to create a good learning environment and atmosphere and use vocabulary in a reasonable context. Compared to Chinese， English vocabulary has certain particularity， in the different context of English， the same English word meaning is not the same in different sentences according to the context of the relationship.The understanding of the English vocabulary must develop fully to the context.Once left the context， words can’t convey the subject of the statement to express itself. We must combine the meaning of the whole sentence to make sense of the logic， so as to use the vocabulary correctly， constantly consolidate the memory of the vocabulary， and cultivate the ability to use the vocabulary.

3. Analyze the composition of root affixes

The composition of English words is usually “source” and “root”. Root and suffix （prefix and suffix） are the “root” of words， constituting 80% of words in English. Most words in English are derived words and they are combined by root affixes. Generally， English words can be divided into three parts： prefix + root + suffix. It can be seen that analyzing the structure of words and remembering them is one of the most effective ways to expand one’s vocabulary. According to years of learning， high school students can accumulate the roots and affixes they have memorized， and then make logical inference. It is not hard to speculate that the earphone refers to a headset on the head. Affixes refer to the morphemes attached to the root of a word to indicate the grammatical meaning and the meaning of some minor words. They are usually divided into prefixes and suffixes according to the position of word formation. Because the affixes themselves do not have real lexical meaning， they are also called virtual morphemes. In high school，we are more familiar with affixes than with roots， because the role of affixes in textbooks and in class is often repeatedly emphasized. Affixes are very helpful for learners to memorize vocabulary， among which， prefixes only change the meaning of words without changing the character of words， while suffixes will change the character of words.

4. Associative memory

Vocabulary is not exist in isolation， often correlated between words， and we have the associative ability of word， voice， and cultural ties， through the repeated review on learning vocabulary to enlarge vocabulary， can increase the freshness of learning again at the same time， achieve the result that consider in association. For high school students， associating words or phrases with similar structural meanings is often the easiest and most effective way to remember them. For example， when learning the word greediness， be greed for， be greed of， be greed after， be greed to do sth. Learners tend to have weak memory in some fixed collocation of word， you can find out the common significance of words， then along with all the memories， such as： be known as， be regarded as to be recognized as they mean is “is considered to be……” In addition，we can learn vocabulary by associating con-formal words differently. Such as pillow， willow， billow that were found in three words-billows， but it is not the root of these words， because these three words is different except the first letter， the rest of the alphabet is exactly the same structure， then compare these three words memory， the effect obviously is wonderful.

References：

[1]Chen qingbin.Research on English vocabulary learning strategies [D].Beijing：capital normal university，2005.

[2]Xie jianxia.Research on vocabulary learning strategies in high school [J].Guide to knowledge seeking，2016，2.

【作者簡介】程昭翔，洛陽理工學院附中。