1. color

（1） n. 顏色；膚色；顏料；臉色

◇例如：

Nancy liked the skirt well enough， but complained about the color. （南希還挺喜歡這件裙子，只是有點(diǎn)不滿意它的顏色。）

The color is coming back to your face. （你的氣色在好轉(zhuǎn)。）

（2） vt. 粉飾；給……涂顏色

◇例如：

The sun was beginning to color the sky above. （太陽開始給上方的天空涂抹色彩。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. Look at the flowers！They are in different _______. （2014浙江溫州）

A. prices B. sizes

C. colors D. names

（ ）2. —Kids， _______ the little ducks yellow.

—But Miss Yang， I have no paints.

A. color B. leave C. cause D. feed

（ ）3. —Which shirt would you like？

—The black one. The _______ matches my new skirt quite well.

A. size B. background

C. weight D. color

【Keys： 1～3 CAD】

2. dictionary

（1） n. 字典；詞典；辭書

◇例如：

I read English magazines with the help of a dictionary. （我借助字典翻閱英文雜志。）

When he writes， he always keeps a dictionary at hand. （他寫作時手邊總備有一本詞典。）

（2） 相關(guān)短語：

a living dictionary 活詞典；學(xué)識淵博的人

a walking dictionary/library 活詞典；學(xué)識淵博的人

speak like a dictionary 講話很有學(xué)問（或很精確）；談吐淵博

up to dictionary [俚語] 學(xué)識淵博

【Exercise】

（ ）When I dont understand the math problem， Tom always helps me with it. He is my walking _______. （2014浙江杭州）

A. dialogue B. history

C. dictionary D. breakfast

【Key： C】

3. excuse

（1） n. 借口；理由

◇例如：

Loser always has an excuse. （失敗者總有借口。）

（2） vt. 原諒；為……申辯；給……免去

vi. 作為借口；請求寬?。槐硎緦捤?/p>

◇例如：

He excused himself by saying he was late because of the terrible weather. （他為自己辯解說自己遲到是因?yàn)樘鞖鈵毫?。?/p>

Many people might have excused him for something wrong that he has done. （很多人可能已經(jīng)原諒了他做過的一些錯事。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —Look， the boss is very angry with Alex.

—Well， he came late again. But thats no _______ to shout at him. （2016湖北武漢）

A. problem B. lesson C. excuse D. reason

（ ）2. —I hope youll _______ me， Mr. Crum.

—It doesnt matter this time， but remember its rude to speak to people like that.

A. refuse B. excuse

C. believe D. protect

（ ）3. —He can find many _______ for not attending school.

—He probably puts his mind to online games not to studies.

A. mistakes B. results C. customs D. excuses

（ ）4. —Lets hurry.

—Yes， very often dark clouds are a _______ of rain.

A. mark B. sign C. chance D. excuse

（ ）5. —How about the girl hurt in the traffic accident？

—The situation allows no _______. We have to send her to the hospital as soon as possible.

A. help B. excuse C. hurry D. surprise

【Keys： 1～5 CBDBB】

4. trip

（1） n. 旅行；輕快的步伐

◇例如：

I am interested in the ten■week trip next spring. （我對明年春天為期10周的旅行感興趣。）

（2） 相關(guān)短語：

a trip to the moon 到月球的旅行

make/take a trip 旅行

a pleasant trip 愉快的旅行

business trip 公務(wù)旅行；出差

◇例如：

Mark was sent to the Far East on a business trip. （馬克被派往遠(yuǎn)東出差。）

Last week， I had a pleasant trip to the wonderful capital of our country， Beijing. （上周，我到我國首都北京進(jìn)行了一次愉快的旅行。）

（3） 辨析：trip，journey，tour和travel

① trip常指短距離的，直達(dá)目的地的旅行，在日常用語中，trip可與journey通用。

◇例如：

I am going on a trip to the seaside during the summer holidays. （暑假期間我將去海邊旅行。）

He went on a trip to Paris. （他去巴黎旅行了。）

② journey主要指單程較遠(yuǎn)距離的海、陸、空旅行。表示“去旅行”時，應(yīng)使用go on a journey，而不是go to a journey。

◇例如：

Mr. Smith went on a journey from Paris to New York. （史密斯先生進(jìn)行了一次從巴黎到紐約的旅行。）

A pleasant journey to you. （祝你旅途愉快。）

③ tour 指“旅行，周游，觀光”，主要目的是游覽或視察，距離可長可短，常帶有“最后回到出發(fā)地”的含義。

◇例如：

He is making a tour of the world. （他周游世界去了。）

They spent two months on a tour through most of the countries of Europe. （他們用了兩個月的時間去旅行，游歷了歐洲的大部分國家。）

④ travel一般指到國外或遠(yuǎn)方旅行，它與journey的不同之處在于不著重某一目的地，有“到各地游歷”的意思，作名詞時常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

◇例如：

He has just returned from his travels. （他剛剛旅行回來。）

One day in his travels in China， he got to Guangzhou. （在中國旅行期間的一天，他去了廣州。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —What do you think of your last _______？

—I had a very scary experience in the mountains. I wont go there again. （2014湖北鄂州）

A. assistant B. trip

C. study D. examination

（ ）2. —I cant see many kinds of birds here in winter.

—Thats because lots of them _______ to the north during September.

A. travel B. tour

C. trip D. send

（ ）3. —Ill go to Sydney next week.

—Thats quite a long _______. Take care.

A. trip B. tour

C. travel D. journey

（ ）4. —I dont like the bus _______. Its cheap but not comfortable.

—Me neither. I prefer to ride on the train.

A. trip B. tour

C. travel D. journey

【Keys： 1～4 BADC】

5. price

（1） n. 價格；價值；代價

◇例如：

They will have to pay a high price for the house. （他們將不得不高價買下這棟房子。）

（2） vt. 給……定價

◇例如：

They are expected to be priced at about 330 yuan. （他們的價格可能會定在330元左右。）

（3） 相關(guān)短語：

price list 價格表

ceiling price 最高價

selling price 售價

wholesale price 批發(fā)價

price tag 價格標(biāo)簽；價格牌

list price 標(biāo)價；定價

total price 總價；總費(fèi)用

floor price 底價；最低價

fixed price 固定價格；定價

fair price 公平價格

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —I want to buy a ticket of the film The Monkey King. Do you know its _______？

—I am not sure. Maybe its 80 yuan. （2014浙江溫嶺）

A. cover B. size C. color D. price

（ ）2. —How about five dollars a hat， madam？

—The price sounds _______. Ill take three then.

A. cheap B. fair C. strange D. convenient

（ ）3. —What about this mobile phone？ It is 8，400 yuan.

—Its much too expensive. I dont want to pay such a high _______.

A. cost B. bill

C. temperature D. price

（ ）4. —Are these eggs on sale here？

—Yes， they are divided into many grades and sold at different _______.

A. prices B. shapes C. colors D. sizes

（ ）5. What _______ will global warming bring us？ Scientists have given us a clear list.

A. news B. dangers C. prices D. advantages

【Keys： 1～5 DBDAB】

6. taste

（1） taste作名詞

① n. 味覺；味道

◇例如：

I like the taste of wine and enjoy trying different kinds. （我喜歡葡萄酒的味道，喜歡品嘗不同的口味。）

② n. 嘗試；鑒賞力；品味

◇例如：

We have a taste of the white wine hes brought. （我們嘗了嘗他帶來的白葡萄酒。）

③ n. 愛好

◇例如：

She tried to educate her sons taste in music. （她試圖培養(yǎng)她兒子對音樂的愛好。）

2） taste作動詞

① v. 品嘗

◇例如：

Please taste the soup and see if it has enough salt. （請嘗一口湯，看鹽放得夠不夠。）

② v. 有……味道的（或氣息）（taste + of/like）

◇例如：

This sauce tastes of tomato. （這調(diào)味醬有番茄味。）

③ taste作系動詞

◇例如：

The meat tastes delicious. （這肉味道真好。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —The oranges _______ sweet.

—Of course. They are from Yongxin， Chenzhou. （2016湖南郴州）

A. taste B. eat

C. drink

（ ）2. —The medicine _______ awful. I cant stand it.

—I know， Jimmy. But its helpful for you. （2014云南昆明）

A. tastes B. eats

C. drinks D. takes

（ ）3. —The food looked bad， but it _______ OK.

—So we cant judge a man by his appearance.

A. is tasted B. tasted

C. was tasted D. taste

（ ）4. —The soup is quite to my _______.

—Me， too. Lets come here again next time.

A. feeling B. money

C. choice D. taste

（ ）5. —He has a good _______ for art.

—Hell be a great artist sooner or later.

A. opinion B. task

C. taste D. speech

【Keys： 1～5 AABDC】

7. wish

（1） wish作動詞

① wish to do “希望做某事”

wish sb. to do sth. “希望某人去做某事”

◇例如：

If you wish to go away for the weekend， Ill book the train ticket for you now. （如果你想外出度周末，我現(xiàn)在就給你訂車票。）

I wish you to go with me. （我希望你跟我一起去。）

② wish sb. sth. “祝愿某人如何”

◇例如：

I wish you a wonderful holiday in France. （我祝愿你在法國度假愉快。）

③ wish+that從句

wish+that從句是虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反的情況，或表示將來不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。

◇例如：

I wish that I could fly like a bird. （我希望我能像鳥兒一樣飛翔。）

（2） wish作名詞

n. 愿望，祝福，祝愿

◇例如：

Please bring my best wishes to your family and your friends. （請把我最美好的祝福帶給你的家人和朋友們。）

Cindy made three wishes on her tenth birthday. （辛迪在十歲生日時許下了三個愿望。）

（3） wish與hope用法的區(qū)別

① hope表達(dá)實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大的愿望，wish表達(dá)的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較小。因此，wish的賓語從句須用虛擬語氣，而hope不能。

◇例如：

The student hopes that you can help him with his English. （學(xué)生們希望你能幫他們補(bǔ)習(xí)英語）

The boy wished he had a brother like that. （那個男孩希望他有一個像那樣的兄弟。）

②“希望某人干某事”應(yīng)使用wish sb. to do sth. 而不用hope sb. to do sth.

◇例如：

All parents wish their children to be happy. （所有父母都希望他們的孩子快樂。） [動詞不能用hope]

③在祝語中常用“wish sb. +賓語補(bǔ)足語”，而hope沒有這樣的句型。

◇例如：

I wish you a happy new year/a good journey. （祝你新年快樂/旅途愉快。）

④在答語中常用hope so/hope not表達(dá)“希望如此”和“希望不是這樣”。

◇例如：

—Will it be fine tomorrow？ （明天會天晴嗎？）

—I hope so. （但愿如此。）

⑤句型相同時wish與hope可換用。

◇例如：

They hope/wish to visit China. （他們希望訪問中國。）

People should always hope/wish for the best and prepare for the worst. （人們應(yīng)該抱樂觀的態(tài)度，做最壞的打算。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —Has Jane done the washing yet？

—You cannot _______ her to do such a thing. （2015江蘇蘇州）

A. want B. hope

C. expect D. wish

（ ）2. —How I _______ to have a vacation！

—You can ask Mr. Robinson for a leave.

A. decide B. dream

C. imagine D. wish

（ ）3. —Harry _______ he could fly like a bird.

—His dream may come true in the future.

A. wishes B. hopes

C. expects D. decides

（ ）4. —Itll be a fine day for us to go camping tomorrow.

—I _______ so.

A. want B. wish

C. hope D. find

（ ）5. —Please bring my best _______ to your family.

—Thanks， I will.

A. hopes B. wishes

C. dreams D. promises

（ ）6. —Some people were killed in the earthquake， and some are lucky enough to be alive.

—Thats really bad， but while there is life， there is _______.

A. hope B. wish

C. victory D. failure

【Keys： 1～6 CDACBA】

8. turn

（1） 作名詞

① n. 輪流；輪流的順序；旋轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)彎處

◇例如：

You cant do a right■hand turn here. （你不能在這里右轉(zhuǎn)彎。）

② 相關(guān)短語：

take turns 輪流做某事兒

in turn 依次；逐個地

by turns 輪流地；逐個地

Its ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事。

the turn of the year/century 年度/世紀(jì)的新舊交替時期；一年之始/世紀(jì)之初

◇例如：

You cant both use the bike at once—youll have to take turns. （你們不能兩人同時用這輛車——得輪流使用。）

The girls called out their names in turn. （那些女孩逐一報出自己的名字。）

We did the work by turns. （我們是輪流做這項(xiàng)工作的。）

Tonight its my turn to cook. （今晚輪到我做飯。）

（2） 作動詞

① v. 轉(zhuǎn)彎；轉(zhuǎn)向；翻轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)動

◇例如：

Turn right at the end of the road. （在路的盡頭向右轉(zhuǎn)。）

The hands of the clock turn very slowly. （這個時鐘的指針走得很慢。）

She turned the chair on its side to repair it. （她把椅子翻轉(zhuǎn)過來修理。）

② v. 改變狀態(tài)或形式

◇例如：

The weather has turned cold and windy. （天氣變得寒冷而多風(fēng)。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. With inspiration （靈感） from other food cultures， American food culture can take a _______ for the better. （2013江蘇）

A. share B. chance

C. turn D. lead

（ ）2. —I think you have too much luggage， dont you？

—Yes. But its not easy to decide what to _______ behind.

A. take B. turn

C. keep D. leave

（ ）3. —Your story encourages me.

—By the way， its your _______ to tell me your story.

A. turn B. duty

C. time D. answer

【Keys： 1～3 CDA】

9. 辨析：spend，take，cost和pay

spend，cost，take和pay雖然都可以表示“花費(fèi)”，但用法卻不盡相同：

（1） spend的動作的發(fā)出者必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

① spend time/money on sth. “在……上花費(fèi)時間（金錢）”

◇例如：

I spent two hours on this math problem. （這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個小時。）

② spend time/money （in） doing sth. “花費(fèi)時間（金錢）做某事”

◇例如：

They spent two years （in） building this bridge. （造這座橋花了他們兩年時間。）

（2） cost的動作的發(fā)出者是物或某種活動，還可以表示“值”，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：

① sth. costs （sb.）+money “某物花了（某人）多少錢”

◇例如：

A new computer costs a lot of money. （買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。）

② （doing） sth. costs （sb.）+time “某物（做某事）耗費(fèi)了（某人）多少時間” [指付出的代價，做出努力和犧牲，時間較籠統(tǒng)。]

◇例如：

Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. （他花了大量時間才記住了這些單詞。）

注意：cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost，并且不能用于被動句。

（3） take的動作發(fā)出者是物或某種活動，后面常跟雙賓語，常見用法有以下幾種：

① It takes （sb.）+time+to do sth. “做某事花費(fèi)（需要）（某人）多少時間” [it為形式主語，to do sth.為真正的主語]

◇例如：

It took them three years to build this road. （修這條路花了他們?nèi)陼r間。）

② sth. /doing sth. takes （sb.） +time “做某事花了（某人）多少時間”

◇例如：

Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. （修車花了他一下午時間。）

The journey from London to Oxford takes about an hour and a half. （從倫敦到牛津大約需要一個半小時。）

（4） pay的基本用法是：

① pay （sb.） money for sth. “付錢（給某人）買……”

◇例如：

I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. （我每個月要付給他們20英磅的房租。）

② pay for sth. “付……的錢”

◇例如：

I have to pay for the book lost. （我不得不賠丟失的書款。）

③ pay for sb. “替某人付錢”

◇例如：

Dont worry！Ill pay for you. （別擔(dān)心，我會替你付錢的。）

④ pay sb. “付錢給某人”

◇例如：

They pay us every month. （他們每月給我們報酬。）

⑤ pay money back “還錢”

◇例如：

May I borrow 12 yuan from you？ Ill pay it back next week. （你能借給我12塊錢嗎？下周還你。）

⑥ pay off the money “還清錢”

◇例如：

I can use that to pay off the money I borrowed from the bank. （我可以用這些還掉我從銀行借的錢。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. Im interested in animals， so I _______ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.

A. pay B. cost

C. take D. spend

（ ）2. They spent too much time _______ the report.

A. writing B. to write

C. on writing D. write

（ ）3. —What beautiful shoes youre wearing！They must be expensive.

—No， they only_______ l0 yuan.

A. spent B. took

C. paid D. cost

（ ）4. —Will you please _______ for my dinner， Peter？

—Sure！

A. spend B. pay

C. cost D. take

（ ）5. It will _______ me too much time to read this book.

A. take B. cost

C. spend D. pay

（ ）6. This science book _______ me a great amount of money.

A. took B. cost

C. used D. spent

（ ）7. —Do you often get on the Internet？

—Yes， I _______ lots of time on it. Its a good way to kill time.

A. cost B. spend

C. take D. pay

（ ）8. —How much is the dress？

—It _______ me 400 yuan. （2015貴州銅仁）

A. cost B. spent

C. took D. paid

（ ）9. —The government is _______ plenty of money building the countryside.

—We are pleased with the governments efforts. （2016湖北宜昌）

A. costing B. paying C. taking D. spending

（ ）10. —Its reported that Chinese people _______ more than 40 minutes a day reading WeChat （微信）.

—Its true. But I think WeChat is taking too much of our time.

A. spend B. cost

C. pay D. take

（ ）11. —How much will the phone _______？

—The same as you said， eight hundred dollars each.

A. spend B. cost

C. pay D. afford

（ ）12. Before stamps were used， people didnt _______ for the letters they sent， but for the letters they received.

A. pay B. cost

C. spend D. take

（ ）13. —Do you know the price of the ticket？

—Yes. Each _______ ￥180.

A. pays B. costs

C. takes D. spends

（ ）14. —How much is the ticket to Central Park？

—A one■way ticket _______ $40， and you can _______ another $20 for a round■trip.

A. costs； pay B. cost； spend

C. pay； spend D. spends； pay

【Keys： 1～5 DADBA 6～10 BBADA

11～14 BABA】

10. mind

（1） 作名詞

n. 心智；頭腦；決心

◇例如：

A moment of fear went through my mind but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. （片刻的恐懼穿過我的腦海，但我告訴自己要冷靜下來，因?yàn)槲疫€活著。）

（2） 作動詞

① vt. 專心于，愿意做，介意，當(dāng)心；照看

◇例如：

Mind my bike while I go into the shop， please. （我到商店里去的時候請幫我看一下自行車。）

Do you mind the noise？ （這聲音影響你嗎？）

Mind the wet paint. （當(dāng)心，油漆未干。）

② 注意：

mind作“介意”講時，常用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中，后面接動名詞作賓語，不接動詞不定式。

◇例如：

Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour？ （你能告訴我如何開始這個在線旅游嗎？）

Never mind. Theres still plenty of time for them to score. （沒有關(guān)系。還有很多時間，他們可以得分。）

Im patient. I dont mind waiting for people. （我很有耐心。我不介意等人。）

（3） 相關(guān)短語：

make up ones mind 下決心

never mind 不用擔(dān)心，別管；不要緊，沒關(guān)系

to my mind 依我看，我認(rèn)為

broaden/cultivate/enrich ones mind 開闊心胸/陶冶情操/豐富思想

be in two minds about sth./doing sth. 對某事三心二意或猶豫不決

be of one mind （about sb./sth.） 對……意見一致

be out of ones mind 發(fā)狂；發(fā)瘋

keep sb./sth. in mind 記住……

bring/call sb./sth. to mind 想起……

mind your own business 少管閑事

change ones mind 改變主意

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —I failed in Chinas Got Talent this year.

—_______！I am sure you will win next year. （2014廣東）

A. Never mind B. Good luck C. What a pity D. My pleasure

（ ）2. The thing that _______ is not whether you fail or not， but whether you try it or not.

A. matters B. cares

C. considers D. minds

（ ）3. —Next Wednesday is mothers 45th birthday.

—Ive been keeping it in _______ and Ive decided on the gift for her.

A. dream B. life

C. mind D. trouble

（ ）4. —Are you going out with Jade tonight？

—Thats my business. _______ your own?。?016河南）

A. Keep B. Mind

C. Leave D. Play

（ ）5. —When shall we change our seats？

—Ive changed my _______. Ill still sit where Ive been sitting.

A. resolution B. expression

C. business D. mind

【Keys： 1～5 AACBD】

11. point

（1） 作名詞

① n. 得分；分?jǐn)?shù)

◇例如：

You get a point every time you answer a question correctly. （每次你正確回答一個問題就會得到一分。）

② n. 點(diǎn)；小數(shù)點(diǎn)

◇例如：

The line AB cuts the line CD at the point E. （直線AB與直線CD相交于E點(diǎn)。）

③ n. 地點(diǎn)；尖端

◇例如：

Ill wait for you at the meeting point in the hall. （我將在大廳的迎接點(diǎn)等你。）

④ n. 要點(diǎn)；論點(diǎn)；觀點(diǎn)；看法

◇例如：

He missed the whole point of my speech. （他完全沒抓住我演講的重點(diǎn)。）

（2） 作動詞

vt. 用手指等指；（意思上）指向；削尖；加標(biāo)點(diǎn)于；指路

vi. 表明；指向

◇例如：

Just point the camera and press the button. （只要把照相機(jī)對準(zhǔn)，然后按動快門就可以了。）

（3） 相關(guān)短語：

point at 指向；指示

point out 指出

point to 指向

make ones point （清楚地，有說服力地）闡明觀點(diǎn)

at all points 在各部分；在各方面；完全地

hold the opposite point 持有相反的觀點(diǎn)

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —He always appears to _______.

—Thats because hes really knowledgeable and experienced. （2015湖北宜昌）

A. make an effort B. have a point C. pull together D. take place

（ ）2. The guide _____ the tower across from the street and told us that it was built hundreds of years ago.

A. walked through B. paid for

C. broke into D. pointed to

（ ）3. —How did you go back to your hotel？

—When I lost my way， an kind old lady _______ the way to my hotel.

A. took B. followed

C. recalled D. pointed

（ ）4. —Jenny， it is bad to _______ your fingers at others while talking.

—Oh， sorry. Ill try to break the bad habit.

A. place B. show

C. point D. circle

（ ）5. —Whats the best _______ of being a tour guide？

—Traveling around the world for free.

A. point B. excuse

C. promise D. friend

（ ）6. —Oh， there isnt enough _______ for us in the lift.

—No hurry. Lets wait for the next.

A. floor B. ground

C. point D. space

（ ）7. —What did the teacher say about your composition？

—He _______ a few mistakes in it.

A. thought up B. cut off

C. pointed out D. got on

【Keys： 1～5 BDDCA 6～7 DC】

12. 辨析：information，news和message

（1） information指“what you tell somebody”或“facts”，即“信息”或“數(shù)據(jù)；事實(shí)”。

◇例如：

Can you give me some information about trains to London？ （您能不能給我一些開往倫敦的列車的數(shù)據(jù)？）

（2） news指“words that tell people about things that have just happened”，即“消息；新聞”。

◇例如：

Have you heard the news？ Betty is getting married. （你聽說了嗎？貝蒂要結(jié)婚了。）

（3） message指“words that one person sends to another”，即“向他人傳送的信息；消息”。

◇例如：

Could you give a message to Jenny， please？ Please tell her I will be late. （請您給珍妮捎個口信行嗎？請告訴她我會遲到。）

簡言之，三者在用途上有區(qū)別。message是“留言，消息”，需要一個中間人；news是“新聞”；為不可數(shù)名詞。information是“信息；資料”，不帶感情色彩，為不可數(shù)名詞。

【Exercise】

（ ）1. The Internet is very useful. We can get a lot of _______ from it. （2012廣西玉林）

A. thing B. message

C. informations D. information

（ ）2. Great _______ for football lovers—more than 50，000 soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025. （東營2016）

A. news B. message

C. situation D. information

（ ）3. —I called Carla several times， but she didnt answer.

—Lets leave her a _______ and ask her to meet us at the railway station.

A. news B. information

C. knowledge D. message

（ ）4. —I know nothing about the Japanese customs.

—Its common _______ that the Japanese eat Sushi.

A. information B. knowledge

C. direction D. instruction

（ ）5. —Good _______！I got the last ticket to the concert.

—How lucky you are！

A. information B. notice C. news D. story

（ ）6. —Did you get the _______ that the sports meeting has been put off？

—Really？ Nobody told me about it.

A. message B. information C. notice D. invitation

【Keys： 1～6 DADBCA】

13. promise

（1） 作動詞

v. 允諾；答應(yīng)

① promise sth. （to sb.）

promise sb. sth.

◇例如：

She promised her help to me. （她答應(yīng)過幫助我。）

I have promised myself a quiet weekend. （我打算過個清凈的周末。）

② promise to do

◇例如：

The manager promised to hire the girl. （經(jīng)理答應(yīng)雇傭這個女孩。）

③ promise （sb.）+that從句 （that從句為賓語從句）。

◇例如：

He promises me that he will buy a bike for my birthday gift. （他承諾給我買一輛自行車作為我的生日禮物。）

（2） 作名詞

① n. 允諾；諾言

◇例如：

Im hoping youll keep your promise. （我希望你遵守諾言。）

We received many promises of help. （許多人答應(yīng)幫助我們。）

② n. 希望；有前途

◇例如：

The boy first showed promise as an athlete in grade school. （這個男孩在上小學(xué)的時候就初次顯示出成為運(yùn)動員的潛力。）

（3） 相關(guān)短語：

give/make a promise 許諾

carry out/keep a promise 履行/遵守諾言

break a promise 違背諾言

◇例如：

In order to keep the promise， Murphy took Gloria to the nearest shop. （為了遵守諾言，墨菲帶著葛洛莉去了最近的商店。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —I will buy you a new bike if you learn how to swim this summer.

—Is that a _______？ Im sure Ill get the bike. （2013江蘇常州）

A. chance B. promise

C. trick D. treat

（ ）2. —Come home before dinner time， Peter！

—I _______， Mom. （武漢市2016）

A. promise B. guess

C. wish D. admire

（ ）3. —Mom， I will eat less fast food this year， believe me.

—If you make a _______， you must keep it. （2016湖北孝感）

A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise

（ ）4. —Say， Jane， will you come with me to the game this Friday？

—Thanks， Bob， but I _______ Mary Id go with her.

A. cheated B. promised C. ordered D. praised

（ ）5. Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your _______， you must keep moving. （2016江蘇鹽城）

A. promise B. position

C. balance D. ability

【Keys： 1～5 BADBC】

14. break

（1） 作動詞

① vt. 打破；折斷；破碎

◇例如：

I didnt mean to break his nose. I just saw red. （我不是故意要打斷他的鼻梁。我只是一時氣急。）

② vt. 違反（法律、規(guī)定等）

◇例如：

If we see someone breaking the rules of

etiquette， we may politely give them some

suggestions. （如果我們看到有人違反禮儀規(guī)則，我們可以有禮貌地給他們一些建議。）

（2） 作名詞

n. 休息，暫停

◇例如：

You need to take breaks away from the computer. （你需要遠(yuǎn)離電腦休息。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. The computer system _______ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.

A. broke down B. broke out

C. broke up D. broke in

（ ）2. I had to _______ the conversation with my father because my phone suddenly rang.

A. carry on B. put down

C. cut out D. break off

（ ）3. —Im trying to break the _______ of getting up too late.

—Thats quite good. Getting up early is a good lifestyle.

A. tradition B. convenience

C. habit D. silence

（ ）4. For our safety， we must _______ the traffic rules on the way to school. （2017湖北孝感）

A. follow B. change C. make D. break

【Keys： 1～4 ADCA】

15. drop

（1） 作動詞

① v. 丟下，掉下，落下

◇例如：

The apple dropped from the tree to the ground. （蘋果從樹上掉到地上。）

She was scared and dropped the cup. （她嚇壞了，丟落了茶杯。）

② v. 減少，下降，下跌，減弱

◇例如：

The wind has dropped. （風(fēng)勢已減弱了。）

The price of the rice has dropped. （大米的價格已經(jīng)降下來了。）

③ v. 丟下，放棄

◇例如：

You must drop smoking/the bad habit. （你必須戒煙/戒除這個壞習(xí)慣。）

Dont drop math. （別放棄數(shù)學(xué)。）

④ v. 使下車

◇例如：

Drop me （off） at the corner. （讓我在拐角處下車。）

⑤ drop in/by “探望，串門”

◇例如：

Please drop in to see us if you are in Bradford. （如果你到布拉福特，請順便來看看我們。）

（2） 作名詞

n. 滴；水滴

◇例如：

A drop of rain fell on my face. （一滴雨落在我的臉上。）

（3） 辨析：drop和fall

① 表示從高處往下掉或降，兩者有時可互換。

◇例如：

The temperature has dropped/fallen. （氣溫降低了。）

② fall表示“落下”時，多指無意識的行為，有自然墜落之意，且通常是不及物動詞；drop 既可指無意的行為，即表示“落下”（不及物），也可指有意的行為，即表示“投下”（及物）。

◇例如：

He dropped the letter into the mail■box. （他把信投入信箱.）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. Id like to _______ and see you sometime next week.

A. drop B. drop behind

C. drop from D. drop in

（ ）2. Cindy thinks she _______ her wallet in the movie theater.

A. lost B. left

C. threw D. dropped

（ ）3. The boy didnt ride his bike carefully

enough and _______ it.

A. dropped by B. dropped off C. fell off D. fell into

（ ）4. —I thought you had _______ English.

—No. It has been useful in my work. （2009湖北武漢）

A. studied B. dropped

C. failed D. passed

（ ）5. —The rain has kept _______ for a few days.

—Dont worry. The weather says itll be fine tomorrow.

A. falling B. dropping

C. running D. polluting

（ ）6. —There was a sudden _______ in temperature this morning.

—It became so cold suddenly. I cant stand it.

A. rise B. drop

C. stop D. surprise

【Keys： 1～6 DDCBAB】

16. develop

（1） vt. 開發(fā)

◇例如：

China is now try her best to develop the western China. （中國正在努力開發(fā)西部。）

（2） vt. 使發(fā)展

◇例如：

He says his country wants to develop its traditional friendship with China. （他說他們的國家希望發(fā)展和中國的傳統(tǒng)友誼。）

（3） vt. 形成，養(yǎng)成

◇例如：

The best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eating habits. （確保我們身體健康的一個最好方法就是養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習(xí)慣。）

（4） develop into “發(fā)展成……；變成……”

◇例如：

He has developed into an experienced leader. （他已經(jīng)變成了一個有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。）

The small village has developed into one of the famous sights. （這個小鄉(xiāng)村已發(fā)展成一個著名的風(fēng)景區(qū)了。）

（5） 相關(guān)短語：

develop the mind 啟發(fā)思維

develop a business 開發(fā)業(yè)務(wù)

develop from... 從……中長出來；由……發(fā)展成

be under development 在發(fā)展中

a developing country 發(fā)展中國家

a developed country發(fā)達(dá)國家

【Exercise】

（ ）1. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to _______ healthy eating habits.

A. grow B. develop

C. increase D. raise

（ ）2. If you grow up in a large family， you are more likely to _______ the ability to get on well with others.

A. break B. cause

C. provide D. develop

（ ）3. —My English is so weak. Can you help me， Gina？

—Practice more and the most important is to _______ a good habit of reading. （2016湖北荊州）

A. make B. complete

C. develop D. show

（ ）4. —The robot looks strange. Whats it used for？

—Well， its used for _______ small parts of computers.

A. producing B. inventing

C. creating D. developing

（ ）5. As the story _______， the secret of the castle is discovered little by little.

A. ends B. begins

C. develops D. happens

（ ）6. —Why is Mary so interested in art？

—While she was in Paris， she developed a _______ for art.

A. way B. relation

C. taste D. wish

【Keys： 1～6 BDCACC】

17. imagine

v. 想象，設(shè)想

（1） imagine后接that或what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

◇例如：

Nelson imagines that he will be a famous violinist，but he doesnt practice. （納爾遜想成為一個有名的小提琴家，但他就是不練習(xí)。）

Can you imagine what he is doing now？ （你想他現(xiàn)在正在干什么？）

I can just imagine what the place is going to look like in a few years. （我能想象出這個地方幾年后會變成什么樣子。）

（2） imagine （sb./sb.s） doing 想象（某人）做某事

◇例如：

I cant imagine walking all the way to the North Pole. （我無法想象怎樣一路走到北極去。）

She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone the truth. （她想象自己走進(jìn)辦公室，對每個人都說出真相。）

The boy imagines himself becoming a scientist. （這孩子想象自己成了科學(xué)家。）

（3） imagine+賓語（+賓語補(bǔ)足語）

◇例如：

You can imagine the situation there. （你可以想象那里的情況。）

Dont imagine yourself to be always correct. （不要以為自己總是對。）

【Exercise】

（ ）1. —It seems that aunt Li is quite unusual these days.

—I agree. She is always _______ dangers that dont exist.

A. imagining B. feeling

C. wondering D. guessing

（ ）2. —I find the Internet is so closely connected with our daily life.

—Thats true. Can you _______ a life without it？ （2013湖北武漢元調(diào)）

A. expect B. hope

C. imagine D. appreciate

（ ）3. —Her father tried to _______ that nothing unusual had happened.

—In fact， it was not serious. （2016湖北武漢）

A. imagine B. pretend

C. mean D. warn

（ ）4. —How was Bobby feeling when you gave him the gift？

—Very， very excited. You cant _______ his surprise.

A. express B. understand

C. care D. imagine

【Keys： 1～4 ACBD】