By Pete Musto/覃云華（譯）

◆語篇導(dǎo)讀

古生物學(xué)家最近發(fā)掘了一個(gè)幾乎完整的彩虹恐龍化石，推測它的羽毛鮮艷、寬大，科學(xué)家們給它命名為“彩虹恐龍”，這種恐龍大約生活在1.61億年前的侏羅紀(jì)時(shí)期。你想知道這種恐龍的更多的情況嗎？

Scientists have recently announced the discovery of a small,bird-like dinosaur from China which had unusual,colorful feathers.

The scientists named the dinosaur Caihong,which were discovered having the nearly complete and almosttotally undamaged fossilin Hebei Province.

The structures of Caihong in the fossil suggest that the creature had wide,shiny feathers;and this kind of colorful dinosaur lived 161 million years ago during the Jurassic Period of earth’s history.Caihong had many bird-like qualities.It was two-legged and had a long,small head with sharp teeth,and it had boney crests above its eyes,and it hunted other smaller animals for food,but researchers doubt that it could actually fly.

Scientists say many dinosaurs had feathers.Because birds evolved from small feathered dinosaurs near the end of the Jurassic Period.Its feathers could have served the purpose of gaining the attention of sexual partners while also providing protection from heat and cold.

Caihong had two kinds of feathers.It is also the earliest-known creature with feathers that did not have the same shape on both sides.This is a physical quality that modern birds have and use to direct themselves while flying.

Xu Xing,a paleontologist with the Chinese Academy of Sciences,said,“It is similar to some early birds such as Archaeopteryx.”Then,he added,“To be honest,I am not sure what function the feathers have,and I don’t think that you can completely exclude the possibility that the feathers helped the animal to fly in the air.”

◆詞語積淀

announce/?'na?ns/v.宣布；宣告；預(yù)示

undamaged/?n'd?mId?d/adj.未損壞的；未受傷害的

fossil/'f?sl/n.化石；思想僵化的人

crest/krest/n.鳥冠；頂峰

evolve/i'v?lv/v.（使）逐步發(fā)展；進(jìn)化

paleontologist/p?lI?n't?l?d?Ist/n.古生物學(xué)者

Archaeopteryx/,ɑ?ki'?pterIks/n.始祖鳥

◆典句賞析

1.The structures of Caihong in the fossil suggest that the creature had wide,shiny feathers.彩虹恐龍的化石結(jié)構(gòu)表明這種生物擁有寬大、靚麗的羽毛。

這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。在口語中，引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞that可以省略。本句中的主句謂語動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，因此從句用了所需要的時(shí)態(tài)——一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；the structures of可以視為一個(gè)固定的詞組，意為“……的結(jié)構(gòu)”。

【即時(shí)嘗試】他們相信計(jì)算機(jī)終將代替人類。

2.Its feathers could have served the purpose of gaining the attention of sexual partners while also providing protection from heat and cold.它的羽毛可能是為了吸引異性關(guān)注，同時(shí)可以保暖隔熱。

while doing是一種省略形式，相當(dāng)于while sb./sth.be doing。當(dāng)while引導(dǎo)狀語從句時(shí)，若主從句中的主語相同，或者主語為it，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞又含有be的某種形式時(shí)，可以把狀語從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞一起省略；the purpose of是固定詞組，意為“……的目的”。

【即時(shí)嘗試】吃飯時(shí)，安靜地吃東西并且吃完自己餐盤里的所有食物是禮貌的行為。

3.It is also the earliest-known creature with feathers that did not have the same shape on both sides.它同樣是已知最早的兩側(cè)羽毛具有不對稱結(jié)構(gòu)的生物。

此句為含that引導(dǎo)的定語從句的復(fù)合句。關(guān)系詞that指物時(shí)，可以和which互換。但當(dāng)先行詞為all、much、little、few、something、anything、everything、nothing 或被all、any、every、no、some等修飾時(shí)，只能用that。

【即時(shí)嘗試】請找一間足夠大的能住下我們?nèi)w的房間。

譯文助讀

近日，科學(xué)家宣布發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種來自中國的小型鳥類恐龍，有著異常炫目的彩色羽毛。

科學(xué)家將這些在中國河北省發(fā)現(xiàn)的幾乎完好無損的恐龍化石命名中的恐龍為“彩虹恐龍”。

這種存活于1.61億年前的侏羅紀(jì)時(shí)期的彩虹恐龍的化石結(jié)構(gòu)表明這種生物擁有寬大、靚麗的羽毛?！安屎缈铸垺本哂卸喾N鳥類特質(zhì)，它有兩條腿，頭部細(xì)長、牙齒鋒利。它的眼睛上方有如骨的鳥冠，靠捕捉其他小動(dòng)物為生，但是研究人員懷疑它是否真的能飛。

科學(xué)家表示，很多恐龍都有羽毛。因?yàn)轼B類是由侏羅紀(jì)時(shí)期末期的有羽毛的小型恐龍演化而來的。它的羽毛可能是為了吸引異性關(guān)注，同時(shí)可以保暖隔熱。

“彩虹恐龍”有兩種羽毛；它同樣是已知最早的兩側(cè)羽毛具有不對稱結(jié)構(gòu)的生物。用不對稱結(jié)構(gòu)平衡飛行是現(xiàn)代鳥類具備的飛行時(shí)掌控方向的物理特性。

中國科學(xué)院的一名古生物學(xué)家徐星說：“這種恐龍與始祖鳥等早期鳥類相似?！毙煨沁€表示：“老實(shí)說，我不清楚羽毛的具體功能，我認(rèn)為你不能完全排除羽毛用來幫助飛行的可能性”。