李鵬 鄧于 雷明東 譚菊 穆星星
摘 要: 針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)電子信息采集系統(tǒng)存在功耗高、采集精度低、傳輸速度慢等缺點(diǎn),提出一種基于機(jī)構(gòu)輸出統(tǒng)計(jì)特征決策的電子信息采集系統(tǒng)。采用統(tǒng)計(jì)特征分析方法提取電子信息的隨機(jī)分布時(shí)間序列,采用線性規(guī)劃方法進(jìn)行電子信息機(jī)構(gòu)單元的定位管控和檢測(cè)。結(jié)合高階譜特征提取方法分析電子信息特征分布狀態(tài)模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)電子信息的準(zhǔn)確采集。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)電子信息的快速采集,降低了系統(tǒng)的功耗,并且具有較高的采集精度。
關(guān)鍵詞: 低功耗; 嵌入式; 電子信息; 采集系統(tǒng); 特征統(tǒng)計(jì); 高階譜特征提取
中圖分類號(hào): TN919?34; TH165.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A 文章編號(hào): 1004?373X(2018)15?0101?04
Design of low?power consumption embedded electronic information acquisition system
LI Peng1, 2, DENG Yu1, LEI Mingdong1, TAN Ju1, MU Xingxing1
(1. School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China;
2. College of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)
Abstract: The traditional electronic information acquisition system has the disadvantages of high power consumption, low acquisition accuracy and slow transmission speed. Therefore, an electronic information acquisition system based on statistical characteristics decision?making of the mechanism output is proposed. The statistical feature analysis method is used to extract the random distribution time series of electronic information. The linear programming method is adopted to perform the positioning control and detection for the mechanical unit of electronic information, and combined with the high?order spectrum feature extraction method to analyze the characteristics distribution state model of the electronic information, and realize the accurate acquisition of electronic information. The simulation results show that the system can realize the rapid acquisition of electronic information, reduce the power consumption of the system, and has high acquisition accuracy.
Keywords: low?power consumption; embedded system; electronic information; acquisition system; characteristic statistics; high?order spectrum feature extraction
電子信息采集系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜且處于不間斷運(yùn)行狀態(tài)中,電子信息機(jī)構(gòu)單元的信息處理速度較快,工作負(fù)荷較大,需要進(jìn)行人工智能管控和實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)來提高電子信息采集系統(tǒng)的可靠性,從而保證電網(wǎng)配電的可靠運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),確保生產(chǎn)生活的有序進(jìn)行[1]。因此研究電子信息采集系統(tǒng)以實(shí)現(xiàn)電子信息的快速采集、改進(jìn)電子信息采集系統(tǒng)[2]。本文提出一種基于機(jī)構(gòu)輸出統(tǒng)計(jì)特征決策的電子信息采集系統(tǒng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,本文設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)功耗低,采集精度高,穩(wěn)定性好。
為設(shè)計(jì)低功耗嵌入式電子信息采集系統(tǒng),采用統(tǒng)計(jì)特征分析方法進(jìn)行電子信息特征采集,提取電子信息采集系統(tǒng)機(jī)構(gòu)管控的非線性統(tǒng)計(jì)電子信息樣本,采用觀測(cè)或者實(shí)驗(yàn)分析方法進(jìn)行特征統(tǒng)計(jì),對(duì)多變量的電子信息進(jìn)行平穩(wěn)化處理和特征空間重構(gòu),采用統(tǒng)計(jì)方法和線性方法進(jìn)行特征提取處理[3],實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電子信息機(jī)構(gòu)的非線性幾何不變量的統(tǒng)計(jì)測(cè)量,提取有用特征,得到電子信息采集系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1所示。
采用非線性時(shí)間序列分析方法分析電子信息采集系統(tǒng)的機(jī)構(gòu)管控特征[4],設(shè)電子信息采集系統(tǒng)的機(jī)構(gòu)管控工況監(jiān)測(cè)的統(tǒng)計(jì)測(cè)量信息為[{x1,x2,…,xN}],通過小樣本重組,結(jié)合幾何不變特征量提取,監(jiān)測(cè)到的電子信息機(jī)構(gòu)管控工況向量運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡為: 式中:[H]表示電子信息分布區(qū)域信息統(tǒng)計(jì)量;[M]是電子信息機(jī)構(gòu)管控的節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù);[K(m)]是第[m]個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)管控的統(tǒng)計(jì)電子信息采樣值;[αmk]是第[m]個(gè)采樣通道中的第[k]條路徑的耦合系數(shù);[Tm]是信息統(tǒng)計(jì)采樣時(shí)間間隔。對(duì)系統(tǒng)傳遞函數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化求解,提取電子信息分布特征,進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計(jì)。
采用統(tǒng)計(jì)特征分析方法提取電子信息的隨機(jī)分布時(shí)間序列[5],得到電子信息的包絡(luò)幅值和相位分布分別為:
本文提出一種基于機(jī)構(gòu)輸出統(tǒng)計(jì)特征決策的電子信息采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。采用卡爾曼濾波原理構(gòu)建線性規(guī)劃模型,得到第[i]步迭代的電子信息采集系統(tǒng)機(jī)構(gòu)管控的輸出向量[Di+1],更新控制律向量,令[βi+1=(zTi+1zi+1)],利用[zi+1]與[Zi]的擾動(dòng)不變性,得到電子信息定位管控檢測(cè)的數(shù)均衡模型描述為:
[Bi+1=λiBi+β-1i+1xi+1wTi+1] (10)
[C-1i+1=λiC-1i+β-1i+1wi+1wTi+1] (11)
對(duì)應(yīng)的電子信息特征數(shù)據(jù)加以較大的權(quán),可得:
[Ci+1=λ-1iCi-β-1i+1λ-1iCiwi+1wTi+1λ-1iCiβ-1i+1λ-1iwTi+1Ciwi+1+1] (12)
根據(jù)線性規(guī)劃模型[6]得到定位管控采集的輸出表示為:
[Di+1=Bi+1Ci+1=BiCi-β-1i+1(BiCiwi+1)wTi+1λ-1iCiλ-1iβ-1i+1wTi+1Ciwi+1+1+β-1i+1xi+1(λ-1iwTi+1Ci)-β-1i+1xi+1β-1i+1λ-1iwTi+1Ciwi+1β-1i+1λ-1iwTi+1Ciwi+1+1wTi+1λ-1i (13)]
根據(jù)上述輸出特征信息進(jìn)行電子信息機(jī)構(gòu)單元的定位管控和檢測(cè)。對(duì)電子信息進(jìn)行采集的基礎(chǔ)是進(jìn)行電子信息特征提取,對(duì)電子信息特征相關(guān)性參數(shù)構(gòu)建推導(dǎo)模型[7]。采用高階譜特征提取方法得到電子信息特征提取的遞推計(jì)算形式:
[Ci+1=λ-1iCi-β-1i+1αuuT] (14)
[Di+1=Di+β-1i+1αzi+1uT] (15)
式中,[λi]為學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)迭代步長,在遞推過程中,由初值[λ0](接近1)逐漸增加到1,由此構(gòu)建電子信息特征檢測(cè)模型,更新迭代步長為:
[λi=1-(1-λ0)(1-in)3, i≤n1, i>n] (16)
式中[n]為局部奇異特征。通過上述處理,得到電子信息的高階譜特征提取結(jié)果為:
[xt=1-cos(2πf(r)st)1+Acos(2πfst+φ)?cos2πfmt+Bsin(2πfst+φ)+θ] (17)
根據(jù)高階譜特征提取結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行定位[8],選擇Lyapunove函數(shù)為:
[V1=12e21] (18)
每個(gè)電子信息特征量對(duì)應(yīng)Lyapunove函數(shù)的指數(shù)分布軌跡,采用線性規(guī)劃方法對(duì)Lyapunove函數(shù)求導(dǎo):
[V1=e1e2-c1e21-e1λ1ζ1] (19)
通過深度學(xué)習(xí),得到電子信息的誤差統(tǒng)計(jì)量為:
[e1=e2-c1e1-λ1ζ1] (20)
由此得到電子信息節(jié)點(diǎn)定位的坐標(biāo)描述為:
[θ=arcsin-T31] (21)
[γ=arctanT32T33,T33≥0π?sin T32+arctanT32T33,T33<0] (22)
[ψ=arctanT21T11,T11≥0π?sinT21+arctanT21T11,T11<0] (23)
用一個(gè)四元素表示的坐標(biāo)變換矩陣描述如下:
[T=Cnb=q20+q21-q22-q232q1q2-q0q32q1q3+q0q22q1q2+q0q3q20-q21+q22-q232q2q3-q0q12q1q3-q0q22q2q3+q0q1q20-q21-q22+q23] (24)
采用四階龍格庫塔法求上述系統(tǒng)目標(biāo)函數(shù)的最優(yōu)解[9?10],得到電子信息特征分布狀態(tài)模型四元素的更新值:
[K1=h2ωtQtK2=h2ωt+h2Qt+K12K3=h2ωt+h2Qt+K22K4=h2ωt+hQt+K3Qt+h=Qt+h6K1+2K2+2K3+K4] (25)
綜上分析,結(jié)合高階譜特征提取方法分析系統(tǒng)的電子信息特征分布狀態(tài)模型,完成對(duì)電子信息采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。
采用Matlab仿真工具進(jìn)行電子信息采集系統(tǒng)的仿真測(cè)試分析,驗(yàn)證本文方法在實(shí)現(xiàn)電子信息采集方面的優(yōu)越性能。首先對(duì)電子信息樣本進(jìn)行特征參數(shù)采樣,采樣的時(shí)間間隔為12 s,采集時(shí)長24 h,相空間重構(gòu)嵌入維數(shù)為4,時(shí)間延遲為12 s,機(jī)構(gòu)管控的加權(quán)系數(shù)為0.3,實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)量由100增加至900,采用不同方法進(jìn)行電子信息的采集,得到能耗對(duì)比如圖2所示,其傳輸速度和精度方面的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如圖3,圖4所示。
分析圖2結(jié)果得知,采用本文方法進(jìn)行電子信息采集的功耗較小。分析圖3,圖4得知,本文設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行電子信息采集時(shí),傳輸速度快,采集精度高,確保了電子信息采集系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定可靠。
本文提出一種基于機(jī)構(gòu)輸出統(tǒng)計(jì)特征決策的電子信息采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。采用統(tǒng)計(jì)特征分析方法提取電子信息采集系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)分布時(shí)間序列,采用線性規(guī)劃方法進(jìn)行電子信息機(jī)構(gòu)單元的定位管控和檢測(cè),結(jié)合高階譜特征提取方法分析電子信息分布狀態(tài)模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)電子信息采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。研究得知,該系統(tǒng)具有很好的應(yīng)用實(shí)踐價(jià)值。
注:本文通訊作者為鄧于。
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