建筑設(shè)計(jì)：拉莫斯建筑工作室

該項(xiàng)目位于阿根廷獨(dú)具特色的地區(qū)“拉潘帕”。潘帕是土語，意為“平原”。該地區(qū)氣候溫和、土壤肥沃，是理想的農(nóng)田。穿行在這一地區(qū)，一種天地一線、無邊無垠的壯闊感油然而生。地平線猶如海洋的中心，是震撼人心的一景。詩人阿塔瓦爾帕·尤潘基稱潘帕的景觀是“寧靜、深沉”的。該項(xiàng)目以突出的水平性和簡(jiǎn)潔的元素呼應(yīng)著所有這些內(nèi)容。

該建筑受職業(yè)馬球運(yùn)動(dòng)員納舒·菲格拉斯委托而建，有44個(gè)給馬匹準(zhǔn)備的隔間，總面積3850m2，長180m，由兩個(gè)長體塊和幾片獨(dú)立的墻體構(gòu)成，通過分隔形成多元化的空間和形態(tài)。

平面包括功能劃分明確的兩個(gè)部分：一個(gè)俯瞰馬球場(chǎng)，側(cè)重于社交；另一個(gè)朝向建筑后部，是工作設(shè)施和馬夫宿舍。面向球場(chǎng)的體塊在長長的墻體和厚重的植土坡后若隱若現(xiàn)，不僅為馬廄帶來了私密性，還緩和了建筑對(duì)景觀的沖擊。唯獨(dú)建筑的中心顯露出來，那里有一大片水池，旁邊是有頂?shù)氖彝怅柵_(tái)和馬具房。

屋頂種有當(dāng)?shù)氐囊吧荩庠谂c馬球場(chǎng)完美的草皮形成反差。坡頂既是登上屋頂?shù)耐罚彩邱R球比賽的天然看臺(tái)。

水作為生命、純凈與和諧的普遍象征，被用來連接和劃分這些空間，并營造一種安詳?shù)臍夥铡?/p>

整個(gè)項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)使用了兩種基本材料：清水混凝土和當(dāng)?shù)赜材尽＿x擇這些材料是因?yàn)樗鼈冃Ч烙^、易于維護(hù)、歷久彌醇。

馬與訓(xùn)練和照料它們的人之間會(huì)形成一種非常特別而親密的關(guān)系。我們的目標(biāo)就是將這些馬廄設(shè)計(jì)成蘊(yùn)含和培養(yǎng)這種關(guān)系的空間。□（尚晉 譯）

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

地點(diǎn)/Location: General Rodriguez, Buenos Aires, Argentina客戶/Client: Nacho Figueras – Cria Yatay

主持建筑師/Architects in Charge: Juan Ignacio Ramos &Ignacio Ramos

承建商/Builder: Ankon Sur. Leonardo Stramucci

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)/Structural Engineering: IM & Asociados

竣工時(shí)間/Completion Date: 2016.03

攝影/Photos: Daniela Mc Adden, Matias Lix Klett, Celeste Najt

1 外景/Exterior view

2 總平面/Site plan

4 草圖/Sketches

3 鳥瞰/Aerial view

5 軸測(cè)圖/Axonometric

6 越過水池看向室外屋頂空間和馬具房/View of the exterior roof-covered space and the tack room from large water pond

7 斜坡/Slope

8 水池與庭院/Pond and courtyard

9.10 模型/Models

11 首層平面/Ground fl oor plan

This project is located in a distinctive region of Argentina known as "La Pampa". Pampa is an indigenous word meaning "plains" or "flatland".Along with its mild climate and fertile soils, the area is ideal for agriculture. When traveling through this area, there is an overwhelming feeling of a neverending horizontality. The horizon, as in middle of the ocean, becomes a very strong element. The poet Atahualpa Yupanqui refers to the landscape of The Pampas as "serene and pensive". This project,with its pronounced horizontalism and simplicity of elements, attempts to make a reference to all of these themes.

The building, commissioned by professional Polo Player Nacho Figueras, is a stable for polo horses with 44 stalls, an area of 3850m2and a length of 180 metres. It's composed of two long volumes and freestanding walls, which when articulated,create diverse spaces and situations.

The floor plan has two parts well distinguished by their functions. One has a more social use and overlooks the polo fi eld, and the other, facing the back of the property, houses work facilities and groom's quarters. The volumes that face the fi eld are partially hidden behind extended walls and massive planted earth slopes, which not only provide privacy to the stables, but also subtly reduce the building's impact on the landscape. Only the centre of the building is revealed, where a large water pond is located next to the covered exterior terraces and the tack room.

The roofs are planted with wild native grasses in an intentional contrast to the perfection of the polo field’s turf. The slopes serve as both, access to the roof and as natural stands from which to observe the polo matches.

Water, the universal symbol of life, purity and harmony, is used to connect and articulate these spaces, as well as to create a serene atmosphere.

Two basic materials were used for the construction of the whole project: exposed concrete and local hardwoods. These materials were chosen because of their aesthetic properties, low maintenance and beautiful aging.

A very special and intimate connection is forged between the horses and the people who train and take care of them. It has been our aim to design these stables as the space that contains and nurtures that relationship.□

12.13 首層內(nèi)景/Interior views, ground fl oor

評(píng)論

胡戎叡：建筑地處平原，給人以壯闊無垠之感，水平舒展的建筑與環(huán)境更為親近、渾然天成。在這兒，詩意地棲居在大地上的不僅僅是人，還有幸福的馬兒。靜謐的環(huán)境氣氛與馬匹急速奔跑帶來的動(dòng)靜對(duì)比，形成了一種極具魅力的張力與美感。逐水草而居是游牧民族的重要特點(diǎn)，在這個(gè)建筑中，雖然馬匹已經(jīng)是用現(xiàn)代化方式人工圈養(yǎng)，但水、草對(duì)馬匹而言仍是不可或缺的關(guān)鍵因素。在這個(gè)馬廄建筑的設(shè)計(jì)中，水與草的運(yùn)用很好地體現(xiàn)了這一特點(diǎn)，令人印象深刻。

張路峰：這組馬廄建筑空間水平舒展，看上去有點(diǎn)密斯“流動(dòng)空間”的意象，看到室內(nèi)的“巴塞羅那椅”更確信了這種感覺的存在。通往屋面的螺旋樓梯位于兩組錯(cuò)開的馬廄之間，成為整個(gè)建筑群的視覺焦點(diǎn)，其婀娜的身姿也讓人聯(lián)想到巴塞羅那德國館中的那尊人體雕塑。水池是點(diǎn)睛之筆，其所形成的倒影在垂直方向上延展了空間，使半封閉的庭院空間更加靈動(dòng)、靜謐。建筑局部覆土，消隱了部分體量，同時(shí)也使得地面和屋面連續(xù)，為馬兒爬上屋頂提供了機(jī)會(huì)。

Comments

HU Rongrui: Located at the plain, the construction,in a horizontally extending shape that is friendly to the surrounding environment, brings viewers an overwhelming feeling of a never-ending horizontality.Here, the poetic dwellers involve not only people but also happy horses. In contrast to the quiet environment, the motion of high-speed running horses forms an extremely attractive tension and beauty.Regarding that one of the major characteristics of nomadic people is to migrate to wherever there is water and grasses, water and grass are two essential elements for this project though the horses are now kept with modernised means. Therefore, the application of water and grasses has been the most impressive highlight in the design of this stable.

ZHANG Lufeng: This series of construction space of stables is arranged in horizontal extension, looking like the image of " fl owing space" of Mies van der Rohe. The view of "Barcelona chair" in the interior space further con fi rms this feeling. The spiral stairs toward the roof is located between two groups of stables and becomes the visual focus of the whole construction cluster, the curving shape of which reminds people of the sculpture"Alba" by Georg Kolbe at Barcelona Pavilion. The pool creates the punchline for the whole design. The in fl ection in it further expands the space on the vertical direction, making the semi-closed yard space more vivid and quiet. Partially covered with earth, certain part of the construction is concealed. In the meantime,it connects the ground with the roof, which provides opportunity for horses to climb up to the roof.

14.15 水池/Sink

16 馬廄/Stables

17 馬廄剖面/Section, stables