王方

來自索馬里的和丹在浙江生活12年，她用兩年多時(shí)間拍攝6集紀(jì)錄片《我從非洲來》，展現(xiàn)非洲人在浙江義烏的真實(shí)生活，片子入選桑給巴爾國際電影節(jié)和盧薩卡國際電影節(jié)。

總統(tǒng)顧問、導(dǎo)演、博士、研究員……生在沙特、長在沙特的索馬里籍人——和丹，在中國詮釋著各種角色。2005年，和丹在沙特高中畢業(yè)，來到本一無所知的中國浙江，一待就是12年。

“索馬里和杭州一樣，山清水秀”

2017年9月25日，索馬里政府正式給和丹頒布了任命書，任命她為總統(tǒng)顧問。索馬里的總統(tǒng)顧問不少，但和丹卻是其中唯一一個(gè)研究“中國經(jīng)驗(yàn)”，面向中索合作交流的。擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)顧問期間，和丹要向索馬里總統(tǒng)及其辦公室就索馬里國家發(fā)展、中國與索馬里兩國相關(guān)領(lǐng)域合作方面提供政策咨詢。

因?yàn)樯鲜兰o(jì)80年代末90年代初的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，索馬里百廢待興?！?年前，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)后的第一個(gè)聯(lián)邦政府才得以建立，現(xiàn)在索馬里正處在很特別的發(fā)展時(shí)期?！?/p>

作為浙江師范大學(xué)非洲研究院的外籍研究員，和丹的專業(yè)便是研究中非關(guān)系和非洲發(fā)展，再加上在中國12年的生活經(jīng)歷，和丹作為名副其實(shí)的“中國通”，從2016年起便開始給索馬里政府提供咨詢，將自己對中國的觀察和“中國經(jīng)驗(yàn)”傳達(dá)播遙遠(yuǎn)的東非。

提起索馬里，普通中國人的第一反應(yīng)總是“索馬里海盜”。對于這一偏見，現(xiàn)在的和丹只是微微一笑，云淡風(fēng)輕地說：“索馬里不只有海盜。它和杭州一樣，山清水秀。真要算起來，索馬里和中國從明代起就建交了呢。”

和丹把索馬里叫做“家鄉(xiāng)”，可實(shí)際上，她只到過索馬里三四次。因?yàn)檫^去內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的原因，和丹父母早已移居到沙特，而和丹更是生在沙特、長在沙特，“但索馬里永遠(yuǎn)是我的祖國?！?img alt="" src="https://cimg.fx361.com/images/2018/01/09/whjl201801whjl20180112-2-l.jpg" style=""/>

拍攝紀(jì)錄片展現(xiàn)在華非洲人

紀(jì)錄片《我從非洲來——非洲人在義烏》由和丹和她的同事張勇聯(lián)合導(dǎo)演，其中呈現(xiàn)了20多位在義烏的非洲人的日常生活。

“深夜睡凌晨醒不算啥，真讓人扛不住的是，都這樣了還要跟跑馬拉松。”

從早上8點(diǎn)到夜里12點(diǎn)，第一天的紀(jì)錄片拍攝終于結(jié)束。第二天的凌晨4點(diǎn)，鬧鐘“叮鈴鈴”地鬧個(gè)不停，迷迷糊糊地，和丹掙扎著爬了起來，錘了幾下腦袋，才算清醒了點(diǎn)。纏好頭巾，套上衣服，趕緊駕車前往馬拉松地點(diǎn)。

跟拍的對象要去參加義烏馬拉松比賽，比賽6點(diǎn)開始，要全程記錄跟拍對象的和丹一行人更要早到安排，在馬拉松賽道的各個(gè)點(diǎn)都分布了機(jī)器和人員。昨晚只睡了4小時(shí)不到的和丹硬是扛著攝像機(jī)“吭哧吭哧”地跟著跟拍對象跑了近一公里。

他們有的時(shí)候會遇見偏見，“有的人看到我會用指頭在我手上蹭蹭，想看看我的黑皮膚會不會掉顏色。”一位來自埃塞俄比亞，在義烏創(chuàng)業(yè)的人邊笑邊比劃著說道。

但更多的是和諧。

在義烏開著小商品鋪的非洲人和來購物的小女孩擊掌，一米八的大高個(gè)把腰弓成了快90度，才和小女孩差不多高，一雙烏黑的大手幾乎是女孩手的三倍大。邊擊掌，邊喊道：“耶，說拜拜！”小女孩怯怯地模仿著他的口音，說了句帶著非洲味道的“拜拜”，偷笑著躲到身邊媽媽的懷里。

“灰化肥發(fā)黑，黑化肥發(fā)揮”幾個(gè)梳著非洲特色的小麻花辮子的非洲女孩圍坐著，扳著指頭一個(gè)字一個(gè)字地念著中國的繞口令。

“中國民眾對非洲的印象總是貧窮混亂，但實(shí)際上非洲很美，在中國的非洲人也都在努力拼搏?！焙偷ふ前l(fā)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)問題，才和浙師大的師生一同拍攝了這一紀(jì)錄片，展現(xiàn)非洲人的努力、真誠和成功。

兩年多的時(shí)間，6集紀(jì)錄片《我從非洲來》終于完成。這部片子已經(jīng)入選桑給巴爾國際電影節(jié)和盧薩卡國際電影節(jié)。

半年練成的中文“大神”

2005年，和丹第一次來到中國，中國隨處可見的綠樹草地給她留下了很深的印象?！耙?yàn)槲覐男∩L在沙特，到處是沙漠，能看到一棵樹就很稀奇了，而這里到處是山水和風(fēng)景，太美了！”

定居中國后，和丹仍是每天傳統(tǒng)的阿拉伯裝扮，穿著長袍，裹著頭巾，豐腴的身材讓她的鵝蛋臉顯得更加圓潤，沒有一點(diǎn)棱角。撲閃的大眼睛和總是上揚(yáng)的嘴角讓人覺得沒有距離感，很快便能熟絡(luò)起來似的。

來到中國一年時(shí)間，和丹“狂”練漢語。瘋狂到什么程度？漢語教科書上的每一個(gè)字，甚至是標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號，和丹都能背出來，不僅是課文、例句，就連習(xí)題，和丹都不放過。

買菜時(shí)，擠公交車時(shí)，逛街時(shí)，本就愛嘮嗑的和丹更是抓緊機(jī)會跟身邊路過的陌生人閑談，“中國人有個(gè)好習(xí)慣，你哪個(gè)詞說得不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，他們都會馬上糾正你?！焙芸?，和丹的中文口語已經(jīng)能稱得上“字正腔圓”了，再加上朋友對中國文化的介紹，和丹才短短學(xué)習(xí)中文6個(gè)月，便通過了漢語水平考試5級。

這個(gè)考試，類似于想要出國留學(xué)的中國學(xué)生必考的雅思、托福，最高級別是6級。通過5級考試，意味著看全中文的報(bào)紙、電視劇，甚至發(fā)表中文演講，對和丹來說都不算難事了。浙江省朗誦比賽第一名、CCTV“漢語橋”大賽的銀獎……全中文的辯論賽、演講賽、主持人大賽里總能見到和丹的身影。

“我現(xiàn)在是個(gè)‘老司機(jī)。”和丹套用網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的熱詞這么形容自己，中氣十足，甚至還帶著點(diǎn)播音腔調(diào)。和丹的老師也打趣道：“你的普通話真是比我講得還標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！?/p>

浙江大學(xué)傳播學(xué)博士畢業(yè)

浙江師范大學(xué)碩士畢業(yè)時(shí)，和丹偶然間翻到浙江大學(xué)邵培仁教授所著的《傳播學(xué)》，本就對傳播學(xué)充滿興趣的和丹當(dāng)即給邵培仁寫了一封信，表示希望能成為他的學(xué)生，還沒等到他回信，和丹就迫不及待地來到了他的辦公室拜訪他，并如愿來到了浙江大學(xué)，跟著邵培仁讀博士。endprint

和丹的成績一直很好，在沙特念書時(shí)成績總保持在本地區(qū)的前幾名，在沙特的行政區(qū)劃中，“地區(qū)”相當(dāng)于中國“省”的概念。來到中國后，學(xué)習(xí)也很順利：本科提前一年畢業(yè)，碩士提前半年?？傻搅瞬┦侩A段，和丹卻犯了難?！拔业闹形目谡Z很好，但是寫學(xué)術(shù)論文還是很困難，不僅在表達(dá)上，更在思維方式上?！?/p>

博士論文的選題到底要定什么呢？和丹看到自己的導(dǎo)師邵培仁正在研究中國電影和“華萊塢”電影理論，便萌生出研究尼日利亞電影的想法，并借用“華萊塢”的概念，創(chuàng)造出了“尼萊塢”（研究尼日利亞電影）一詞。2016年，和丹終于順利從浙江大學(xué)博士畢業(yè)。

Somalian Doctor Dedicates to China-Africa Exchanges

By Wang Fang

Hodan Osman Abdi， a Saudi Arabia-born Somalian， received a Letter of Appointment from the Somalian government on September 25， 2017. The letter made her Advisor to the President of Somalia， and the only one with a research specialization in the study of China. After graduation from high school in Saudi Arabia， she spent 12 years in Zhejiang， finishing her study and research at the African Institute of the Jinhua-based Zhejiang Normal University and becoming a ‘China expert. She also branches out into other fields such as filmmaking.

A thousand things are waiting to be done in Somalia amidst the aftermath of the Somali Civil War， caused by the Cold War and the diminished strategic importance of the country. The Transitional Federal Governments interim mandate ended on 20 August 2012. The Federal Parliament of Somalia was concurrently inaugurated. “It has been only five years since the first Federal Parliament swore in， and the country is now at a critical period in its renaissance，” said Hodan， whose advisory role in the federal government actually started in 2016.

“Somali has become a synonym of ‘pirates， but in fact it is known to very few that the country is as scenic as Hangzhou and the cultural communication between Somalia and China started in as early as the Ming Dynasty，” claimed Hodan.

Calling Somalia her “homeland”， Hodan was there only a couple of times. Due to the civil war， her parents moved to Saudi Arabia many years ago. “I was born and raised in Saudi Arabia， but Somalia will be my home country forever.”

， a documentary jointly directed by Hodan and her colleague Zhang Yong， recounts the everyday life of more than 20 Africans in the city of Yiwu， a world-class trade city in central Zhejiang. The documentary includes an episode depicting the marathon campaign held recently in Yiwu. The documentary not only records the cross-cultural harmony between people with different skin colors but also strives to present a full picture of Africa to the Chinese audience， whose impression of Africa is dominated by ‘poverty and ‘war. The production of the six-episode documentary， to be featured at the Zanzibar International Film Festival and Lusaka International Film Festival， took more than two years to complete.endprint

“My first visit to China was in 2005. Where I grew up， it is desert wherever I turn； and it is a luxury to see a tree. Here I am surrounded by lush mountains and beautiful rivers. It is a gorgeous place！” Hodan recalled.

After settling down in China， she took every opportunity to practice Chinese， whether it is a punctuation mark in the textbook or in her daily routines of going to the vegetable market and taking a bus ride. Hard work paid off. It took her only half a year to pass the HSK-5 test and be able to read Chinese newspapers and speak fluently. She also took part in various recital contests and the CCTV ‘Chinese Bridge competitions， and took home medals one after another.

The hardworking girl finished her undergraduate study within three years and her postgraduate study half a year ahead of schedule. It had been all smooth sail until she started her doctorate years under the baton of Professor Shao Peiren at Zhejiang University. “For the first time in China， the language posed as a challenge，” Hodan recalled her struggle in dissertation writing.

“The challenge was essentially not about language， but in the way of thinking and literal expression，” she recalled. When selecting a topic for her dissertation， inspiration struck when she noticed her teachers new research topic regarding Chinese films. Why not try Nigerias film industry， she thought to herself. In 2016， she walked out from her dissertation defense with a triumphant smile.endprint