華之毅文化中心，嘉興，中國(guó)

HWA Cultural Centre, Jiaxing, China

評(píng)論

譚崢：坡屋面定律

坡屋面是當(dāng)代建筑中常被誤用的元素，當(dāng)屋面的坡度脫離了傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)、功能與儀式的限定后，極易淪為符號(hào)與裝飾。坡屋面的“破局”有如下選項(xiàng)——或重構(gòu)一種非垂直-水平體系的地形；或重建認(rèn)知、身體與空間對(duì)象的關(guān)系；或定義空間的向背、動(dòng)靜、親疏關(guān)系。華之毅時(shí)尚藝術(shù)中心的坡屋面正回應(yīng)了上述的幾個(gè)對(duì)策，客觀上它延續(xù)了一個(gè)關(guān)于坡屋面的建筑學(xué)研究綱領(lǐng)，并探索坡屋面的當(dāng)代運(yùn)用定律。

華之毅時(shí)尚中心運(yùn)用其螺旋上升的坡屋面重構(gòu)了場(chǎng)地地形，在一整體屋檐下協(xié)調(diào)了因功能需要而高度、體量迥異的單體建筑，并界定了一個(gè)有彈性邊界的內(nèi)向庭院空間。在緊張的基地條件約束下，整個(gè)建筑群被設(shè)計(jì)為一個(gè)合院，4棟單體分別由4幅不同坡度的內(nèi)向單坡屋面覆蓋，屋面相對(duì)墻體均有不同程度的延展，四側(cè)屋面呈螺旋式依次降低，最后在內(nèi)院變成地下訂貨大廳的屋頂，事實(shí)上融為地形的一部分，屋面的坡度也隨之依次趨向平緩舒展，至東側(cè)坡屋面則最迫近身體的高度，以一種更親和的姿態(tài)歡迎訪客。東與北側(cè)兩幅屋面相交處的“裂縫”也呼應(yīng)了這一進(jìn)入方向，“裂縫”之下是深遠(yuǎn)出檐下的寬適入口空間。

整個(gè)混凝土梁柱及樓屋面體系預(yù)期采用竹篾紋模板澆筑，柱間部分與屋架底均使用高性能竹基纖維復(fù)合材料（竹鋼）百葉圍護(hù)，柱間的竹鋼百葉呈規(guī)律的折線波浪形，與幕墻形成雙層圍護(hù)體系，混凝土的粗糙與竹鋼的纖柔因其共同的竹紋理而統(tǒng)一。整個(gè)建筑群的屋頂用傳統(tǒng)的望板裸筑，這是有意識(shí)地與已經(jīng)被符號(hào)化的瓦屋面保持距離，三號(hào)樓的坡屋面局部打開，為所覆蓋的屋頂花園提供自然采光，這一處理手法與地下訂貨大廳的光井（小下沉庭院）形成呼應(yīng)，更貫徹了坡屋面與場(chǎng)地地形的融合規(guī)律。

Comment

TAN Zheng: Rule of Pitched Roofs

Pitched roof is a commonly misused element in modern architecture. When pitched roof is derived from the limitation of traditional structure, function and rite, it's very likely to become a mere symbol and decoration. There are several options for the "breaking"of the pitched roof: reconstructing a non-verticalhorizontal-system terrain; recreating the relationship between cognition, body and spatial objects; or def i ning the orientation, movement and intimacy relationship of space. The HWA Cultural Centre answered to the above strategies. Objectively, it extended the architectural research programme of pitched roofs, and explored the modern application rule of pitch roofs.

HWA Cultural Centre reconstructed the site terrain using spirally ascending pitch roofs, integrated single buildings with different heights and volumes depending on their functions under one whole roof,and defined an inward courtyard space with flexible boundaries. Under the tight limitation of the site,the whole group of buildings was designed to form one courtyard. Four single buildings were covered by 4 different single pitched roofs respectively, and the roofs all extended the walls to some extents. Four roofs spirally descended in order, and ended up as the basement rooftop in the courtyard, and became a part of the terrain. The slopes of the roofs also gradually turned flat, with the roof on the east side closest to the height of a body, and welcomed the guests in a friendlier manner. The "crack" between the roofs on the east and north sides also emphasized this entry direction. Under the "crack" is the comfortable entry space that spread far under the roof.

The entire concrete frame and slats are expected to be cast using bamboo pattern formwork. Highperformance bamboo fiber composite (bamboo steel) louvres are used for the walls between columns and the ceilings. The bamboo steel louvres between columns present a regular polyline wave, and form a double enclosure together with the screen wall.The ruggedness of concrete and the softness of bamboo steel are united together by the common bamboo texture. The roofs of the whole building group were built with plain traditional sheathing, to deliberately keep distance from the symbolized tile roofs. Part of the pitched roof on Building No.3 was opened to provide natural sunlight for the rooftop garden it covers. This method is similar as used for the basement light well (small sunken garden). It emphasizes once more the rule of combining pitched roofs and site terrain. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

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設(shè)計(jì)條件

基地：現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)與地下室需要保留和利用；使用：為藝術(shù)／服裝的收藏／展示，服裝表演，訂貨，報(bào)告／講座，書店，餐飲／咖啡／品酒等提供性質(zhì)、尺度差異較大的空間。

形式

經(jīng)過反復(fù)組織和簡(jiǎn)化，我們決定采用一個(gè)連續(xù)盤旋上升的單坡頂統(tǒng)一5個(gè)體量不同的單體建筑，同時(shí)圍合出一個(gè)庭院，即賦予復(fù)雜的群體一個(gè)明確的形式關(guān)系。

空間

多種多樣的功能和三度傾斜的屋頂創(chuàng)造了室內(nèi)空間的豐富性。圍繞院落，深檐提供了一系列半室外空間。天花板構(gòu)成一個(gè)在室內(nèi)和室外綿延且變化的體系，調(diào)節(jié)不同空間之間、空間與結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件之間的關(guān)系。

結(jié)構(gòu)+材料

我們利用混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)和剪力墻的結(jié)合，塑造出質(zhì)量各異的空間，并在多處也顯現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)澆混凝土。提供遮陽與遮擋的格柵和天花板均以竹鋼為材料。屋面用瓦采取傳統(tǒng)的粘土望磚。整體呈現(xiàn)出一種“土木”的調(diào)性。

目前階段

開始施工。已進(jìn)行5輪混凝土模板試驗(yàn)，決定采用蓆紋質(zhì)感?！?/p>

Design conditions

Site: The existing foundation and basement need to be retained and utilized in the new design.Program: To provide spaces of different qualities and scales for art/garment collections and displays,fashion shows, procurement fair, workshops/lectures, bookstore, and restaurants/cafe/wine tasting.

Form

After a series of tests and simplifications,we decided to use a continuous spiral of a singlepitched roof to unify five buildings with different volumes while enclosing a courtyard in the center.In other words, a clear formal relationship is given to a complex group.

Space

Rich programs and a three-dimensional tilt of the roof create a great variety of interior spaces.Surrounding the courtyard, deep eaves provide a series of semi-outdoor spaces. The ceilings form a flexible system that stretches from indoors to outdoors, mediating the relationship among different spaces, as well as between spaces and structural components.

Structure + Material

We use a combination of concrete frame system and shear walls to produce spaces of diverse qualities, and reveal cast in-situ concrete in multiple places. Both the grating on the elevations and ceilings that provide shading and screening are made of bamboo fibre reinforced polymer. The roof is clad with Wangzhuan or traditional clay ceiling bricks.Due to the natural appearance of the materials chosen, the entire complex gives an overall feel of"Tu Mu" (earth and wood).

Current phase

Under construction. Five rounds of concrete formwork tests were completed and the woven mat texture was finally chosen.□

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項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 浙江華之毅時(shí)尚集團(tuán)有限公司/HWA Fashion Group

地點(diǎn)/Location: 浙江省嘉興市經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)規(guī)劃道路東昌盛南路/Changsheng South Rd, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China

建筑設(shè)計(jì)/Architets: 非常建筑/Atelier FCJZ

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: 張永和/Yung Ho Chang

項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)/Project Team: 于躍，尹舜，劉揚(yáng)，吳暇，李相廷，潘陳超，韓書凱，何澤林，龍彬，劉萍/YU Yue, YIN Shun, LIU Yang, WU Xia, LI Xiangting, PAN Chenchao, HAN Shukai, HE Zelin, LONG Bin, LIU Ping

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)/Structure Design: 同濟(jì)大學(xué)建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院（集團(tuán)）有限公司設(shè)計(jì)四院/Design Institute No.4, Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd.

建筑面積/Floor Area: 15,503.1m2

基地面積/Site Area: 24,155.1m2

基底面積/Footprint Area: 4850.7m2

建筑高度/Building Height: 23.75m（埋深/Buried depth: 5.4m）結(jié)構(gòu)材料/Structure and Material: 竹紋混凝土，竹鋼，望磚/Bamboo formwork concrete, bamboo steel, Wang-Brick

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2016-2017

預(yù)計(jì)竣工時(shí)間/Estimated Completion Time: 2018.10

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