Women who have an optimistic2 view on life are more likely to live longer， a US study said.

美國(guó)一項(xiàng)研究稱(chēng)，對(duì)生活持積極、樂(lè)觀態(tài)度的女性更長(zhǎng)壽。

The researchers of the study looked at participants levels of optimism and other reasons that might play a role in how optimism may influent mortality3 risk， such as race， high blood pressure， diet， and sports.

該研究的研究人員研究了參與者們的樂(lè)觀程度和可能影響女性患致命性疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的其他原因，如種族、高血壓、飲食和運(yùn)動(dòng)等。

It found the most optimistic women， or the top 25%， had a nearly 30 percent lower risk of dying from any of the diseases in the study compared with the least optimistic women， or the bottom 25%.

該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與相對(duì)悲觀的女性（樂(lè)觀排名靠后的25%的女性）相比，最樂(lè)觀的女性（樂(lè)觀排名前25%的女性）死于疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了近30%。

The most optimistic women had a 16 percent lower risk of dying from cancer； 38 percent lower risk of dying from heart disease； 39 percent lower risk of dying from stroke4； 38 percent lower risk of dying from respiratory5 disease； and 52 percent lower risk of dying from infection.

樂(lè)觀女性與相對(duì)悲觀的女性相比：死于癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了16%，死于心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了38%，死于中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了39%，死于呼吸道疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了38%，死于感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低了52%。

Previous studies have linked optimism with reduced risk of early death from cardiovascular6 problems. This was the first to find a link between optimism and reduced risk from other major causes.

以往的研究表明樂(lè)觀情緒與降低死于心腦血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有關(guān)。這次研究首次將樂(lè)觀與降低其它疾病死亡率聯(lián)系起來(lái)。

Colead author and postdoctoral researcher Kaitlin Hagan said optimism can be increased because of relatively simple and lowcost interventions7， even things as simple as having people write down and think about the best possible results for different areas of their lives， such as work or friendships.

該研究的另一位負(fù)責(zé)人、博士后研究人員凱特琳·哈根稱(chēng)，人們可通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單、低廉的方式來(lái)干預(yù)悲觀情緒，以增加樂(lè)觀情緒。例如，人們可以寫(xiě)下并回想事業(yè)或人際關(guān)系等人生中最得意的事情。

“Encouraging use of these interventions could be a new way to improve health in the future，” Hagan said.

哈根說(shuō)：“鼓勵(lì)使用這些干預(yù)措施，可能是未來(lái)增進(jìn)健康的一種新方式?！?