劉 旋，喬天長(zhǎng)，趙先龍，張麗芳，魏 湜，顧萬(wàn)榮，焦 健，李 晶

(東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) 農(nóng)學(xué)院，農(nóng)業(yè)部東北地區(qū)作物栽培科學(xué)觀測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)站,哈爾濱 150030)

玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)幼苗根際土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響

劉 旋，喬天長(zhǎng)，趙先龍，張麗芳，魏 湜，顧萬(wàn)榮，焦 健，李 晶

(東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) 農(nóng)學(xué)院，農(nóng)業(yè)部東北地區(qū)作物栽培科學(xué)觀測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)站,哈爾濱 150030)

為了探究玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)幼苗根際土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響，選取‘鄭單958’為供試材料，分析不同腐解時(shí)間(0、60、120、180 d)和不同腐解質(zhì)量濃度(0.125、0.25、0.5 g/mL)下秸稈腐解液對(duì)幼苗(四葉、五葉、六葉期)根際土壤pH、電導(dǎo)率(EC值)、無(wú)機(jī)氮、有機(jī)質(zhì)、速效磷、速效鉀的影響。結(jié)果表明：在腐解180 d、0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤pH達(dá)最高，60 d、120 d，0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤pH低于對(duì)照；在腐解120 d、0.125 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤EC值達(dá)最高，在腐解120 d、0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)最高；幼苗四葉、五葉、六葉期均在腐解60 d、0.125 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下的土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)達(dá)最高；土壤速效磷質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)在60 d、120 d、180 d腐解液處理下均隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大而升高。在腐解120 d、0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)較高。因此，腐解時(shí)間不同的秸稈腐解液不同質(zhì)量濃度均對(duì)土壤的理化性質(zhì)產(chǎn)生影響，120 d腐解時(shí)間的高質(zhì)量濃度(0.5 g/mL)秸稈腐解液對(duì)土壤養(yǎng)分環(huán)境影響最為顯著。

玉米；秸稈腐解液；土壤理化性質(zhì)；土壤養(yǎng)分

中國(guó)是全世界每年秸稈生產(chǎn)量最大的國(guó)家，目前農(nóng)作物秸稈年生產(chǎn)量達(dá)8億t，黑龍江省作為中國(guó)糧食生產(chǎn)的重要基地，在全國(guó)具有舉足輕重的作用。黑龍江省是中國(guó)玉米種植第一大省,2012年玉米種植面積達(dá)664.53萬(wàn)hm2，每年產(chǎn)生玉米秸稈量為5 000萬(wàn)t左右，其中30%用于還田，秸稈還田量還會(huì)增加[1]。研究表明，秸稈還田不僅避免資源浪費(fèi)和環(huán)境污染，還可以改良土壤結(jié)構(gòu)及多種理化性質(zhì)，增強(qiáng)土壤蓄水保墑和存肥的實(shí)力，改良土地本身環(huán)境，減少化肥使用，因而秸稈還田成為當(dāng)今主流的耕作措施，受到國(guó)內(nèi)外眾多學(xué)者的普遍關(guān)注[2-7]。李貴桐等[8]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，秸稈在腐解過(guò)程中，可以促進(jìn)土壤顆粒的團(tuán)聚，改善土壤結(jié)構(gòu)和土壤理化性狀，提高土壤肥力。秸稈長(zhǎng)期施入農(nóng)田，土壤N、P、K和有機(jī)質(zhì)等養(yǎng)分質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)增加[9-11]。王小彬等[12]認(rèn)為，土壤中表層速效磷質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)與施用化肥量相關(guān)，秸稈過(guò)腹還田可明顯增加表層土壤速效氮質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，耕層土壤速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)則與秸稈直接還田關(guān)系更為密切。玉米秸稈還田后，提高了后茬小麥土壤的有機(jī)質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，提高了土壤微生物C/N[13]。秸稈還田后，一方面秸稈碳礦化和腐殖化作用增加了土壤有機(jī)碳；另一方面，因秸稈碳的激發(fā)效應(yīng)等作用引起土壤固有有機(jī)碳的消耗[14]。也有研究認(rèn)為，植物殘茬及秸稈腐解過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生大量化感物質(zhì)，經(jīng)積累可引起土壤物理性狀變化、微生物種群結(jié)構(gòu)失衡及土壤酶活性降低[15]等嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題。在北方小麥-玉米兩熟種植制度下，大量玉米秸稈連年還田對(duì)麥田土壤生態(tài)系統(tǒng)已表現(xiàn)出顯著影響，玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)小麥生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育具有抑制作用[16-17]。在黑龍江省農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，玉米連作現(xiàn)象普遍，秸稈還田后的效應(yīng)尚不清楚，鮮有玉米連作下秸稈還田相關(guān)研究報(bào)道。本研究以玉米為受體，分析不同腐解強(qiáng)度玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)幼苗根際土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響，試圖闡明連作狀態(tài)下秸稈還田對(duì)苗期玉米生長(zhǎng)的影響，以期為合理的茬口選擇和優(yōu)化種植制度提供依據(jù)。

1 材料與方法

1.1 試驗(yàn)材料

供試玉米品種為‘鄭單958’，由黑龍江唯農(nóng)種業(yè)公司提供。土壤為黑土，取自東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植物類實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)習(xí)基地。

1.2 試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)

試驗(yàn)于2014年在東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院盆栽試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行。

1.2.1 玉米秸稈腐解液制備 取2013年收獲后的帶葉玉米秸稈，粉碎長(zhǎng)度為5 cm左右，稱取350 g置入塑料桶(直徑30 cm，深40 cm)中,加入5 L土壤稀釋液(土壤稀釋液制備：25 g土加到250 mL水中，震蕩使之均勻溶解，靜止1 h后取100 mL加到6 L蒸餾水中稀釋得土壤稀釋溶液)。桶蓋用塑料布蓋嚴(yán)，蓋上扎孔利于通氣，室溫下腐解，每隔5 d攪拌1次。

1.2.2 濃縮液獲取 分別于腐解0、60、120、180 d后提取腐解液(其中0 d是指腐解6 h)，先經(jīng)紗布粗濾2次，后進(jìn)行真空抽濾，再旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)(45 ℃)濃縮，得到0.5 g/mL溶液(1 g/mL為1 mL水溶液中含有1 g干植物的提取物)，4 ℃條件下貯藏備用。

將各時(shí)期腐解液分別稀釋成0.125、0.25、0.5 g/mL 3個(gè)質(zhì)量濃度[18]，采用盆栽試驗(yàn)，花盆直徑30 cm，深40 cm。播種后每盆保苗4株，待幼苗進(jìn)入三葉期，各處理加入不同腐解時(shí)間不同質(zhì)量濃度的腐解液35 mL，以加入35 mL無(wú)菌水作為空白對(duì)照(CK)，每處理設(shè)3次重復(fù)。分別于四葉期、五葉期、六葉期，采用抖土法將植株根系從土壤中整體挖出，抖掉與根系松散結(jié)合的表土，然后用毛刷將與根系緊密結(jié)合的根際土刷下來(lái)，收集5～10 cm土層的根際土作為供試土樣。

1.3 測(cè)定方法

1.4 數(shù)據(jù)處理

采用Excel 2007和DPS 7.05進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。

2 結(jié)果與分析

2.1 玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)土壤pH的影響

土壤pH變化見(jiàn)表1，幼苗四葉、五葉、六葉期在180 d玉米秸稈腐解時(shí)間下，土壤pH均隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大而增高，在60 d、120 d玉米秸稈腐解時(shí)間下，土壤pH均隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大先升高后降低。0 d腐解時(shí)間下各腐解質(zhì)量濃度處理與對(duì)照差異不顯著，而180 d腐解時(shí)間下各腐解質(zhì)量濃度處理與對(duì)照差異達(dá)到顯著水平。在腐解180 d、0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤pH最高，均比對(duì)照增加1%。60 d、120 d，0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤pH低于對(duì)照(CK)。

表1 秸稈腐解液處理下土壤pH變化Table 1 Changes of soil pH under treatment of maize stalk decomposing liquid

注：數(shù)據(jù)為“平均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差”，小寫(xiě)字母表示各時(shí)期的同一時(shí)間腐解液、不同質(zhì)量濃度處理之間的差異顯著性(P<0.05)；大寫(xiě)字母表示不同時(shí)間腐解液、相同質(zhì)量濃度處理之間的差異顯著性(P<0.05)；下同。

Note: Data in the table are “Mean value±standard deviation”,different lower case letters indicate significant difference between decomposing in the same day of and different mass concentration in each leaf age (P<0.05);different uppercase letters indicate significant difference between different treatments in the different days of decomposing and the same mass concentration in each leaf age (P<0.05);the same as below.

2.2 玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)土壤EC值的影響

從表2可以看出，幼苗四葉、五葉、六葉期在60 d玉米秸稈腐解時(shí)間下，土壤EC值均隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大而降低，在120 d、180 d玉米秸稈腐解時(shí)間下，土壤EC值隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大先升高后降低。在四葉、五葉期，0 d腐解時(shí)間各腐解質(zhì)量濃度處理與對(duì)照差異不顯著，其余各腐解時(shí)間處理土壤EC值與對(duì)照差異顯著；在六葉期，各腐解時(shí)間處理與對(duì)照相比土壤EC值顯著降低。在腐解120 d、0.125 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤EC值最高，與高質(zhì)量濃度0.5 g/mL處理差異達(dá)顯著水平。

表2 秸稈腐解液處理下土壤EC值變化Table 2 Changes of soil EC under treatment of maize stalk decomposing liquid

2.3 玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮的影響

土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮變化見(jiàn)表3，幼苗四葉期時(shí)土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大而增高。幼苗五葉、六葉期，土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)在60 d、120 d腐解時(shí)間下隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大而升高，在180 d腐解時(shí)間處理下土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度的增大呈先升高后降低趨勢(shì)。除五葉期0 d外，其余時(shí)間各質(zhì)量濃度處理均與對(duì)照存在顯著差異。幼苗四葉、五葉、六葉期均在120 d腐解液時(shí)間、0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下的土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)最高，與其他質(zhì)量濃度處理差異達(dá)顯著水平。分別比對(duì)照提高48.81%、15.98%和28.17%。同一腐解液質(zhì)量濃度下，60 d、120 d、180 d腐解時(shí)間處理土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)顯著高于對(duì)照。

表3 秸稈腐解液處理下土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮變化Table 3 Changes of soil available N under treatment of maize stalk decomposing liquid

2.4 玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)的影響

幼苗四葉、五葉、六葉期時(shí)，土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)在60 d、120 d腐解時(shí)間下均隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大而先升高后降低(表4)。同一腐解液質(zhì)量濃度下，60 d、120 d腐解液處理在四葉、五葉期高于對(duì)照，差異不顯著。幼苗四葉、五葉、六葉期均在60 d腐解液時(shí)間、0.125 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下的土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)最高， 分別比對(duì)照增加10.46%、14.06%和1.71%,差異不顯著?？梢?jiàn)，腐解質(zhì)量濃度及腐解時(shí)間對(duì)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的變化調(diào)控效應(yīng)不顯著。

表4 秸稈腐解液處理下土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)變化Table 4 Changes of soil organic matter under treatment of maize stalk decomposing liquid

2.5 玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)土壤速效磷的影響

表5顯示，幼苗四葉、五葉、六葉期時(shí)，土壤速效磷質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)在60 d、120 d、180 d腐解液處理下均隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大而升高。四葉期，0 d腐解液各質(zhì)量濃度處理與對(duì)照差異不顯著，其余各腐解時(shí)間土壤速效磷質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)均有提高，但差異不明顯，隨葉齡增加，高腐解時(shí)間處理與對(duì)照表現(xiàn)出顯著性差異。幼苗四葉、五葉、六葉期均在60 d腐解液時(shí)間、0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下的土壤速效磷質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)最高，分別比對(duì)照增加19.8%、11%和11.6%。同一腐解質(zhì)量濃度下，隨腐解時(shí)間增加，速效磷質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)呈現(xiàn)先升高后降低趨勢(shì),120 d腐解時(shí)間下達(dá)到最高。

表5 秸稈腐解液處理下土壤速效磷變化Table 5 Changes of soil available P under treatment of maize stalk decomposing liquid

2.6 玉米秸稈腐解液對(duì)土壤速效鉀的影響

同一腐解時(shí)間，各質(zhì)量濃度處理土壤速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)變化顯著(表6)。幼苗四葉期時(shí)，60 d玉米秸稈腐解時(shí)間下，土壤速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度增大先升高后降低，60 d腐解液時(shí)間、0.125 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)最高，較對(duì)照增加11.2%。幼苗五葉、六葉期在120 d、180 d玉米秸稈腐解時(shí)間下，土壤速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)表現(xiàn)出隨腐解液質(zhì)量濃度的增大而升高趨勢(shì)，在腐解120 d、0.5 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)較高，顯著高于對(duì)照及質(zhì)量濃度為0.125 g/mL的處理。同一腐解液質(zhì)量濃度下，各腐解時(shí)間處理土壤速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)高于對(duì)照，除0 d外，五葉、六葉期各腐解時(shí)間處理均與對(duì)照達(dá)到顯著差異水平。

表6 秸稈腐解液處理下土壤速效鉀變化Table 6 Changes of soil available K under treatment of maize stalk decomposing liquid

3 討 論

土壤pH作為土壤酸堿度的強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)，是土壤肥力和基本性質(zhì)的重要影響因素之一。可以改變土壤中營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素的化合形態(tài)和時(shí)效性。pH可以直接脅迫土壤中氮元素的硝化作用，而且還可以使有機(jī)物礦化。土壤EC值的高低決定土壤中鹽離子對(duì)作物生長(zhǎng)的影響。土壤速效氮、速效磷、速效鉀是可以直接被植物利用或經(jīng)過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單轉(zhuǎn)化而直接利用的營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素。土壤中很多養(yǎng)分如N、P主要的來(lái)源之一就是有機(jī)物，同時(shí)作為異養(yǎng)微生物的重要C源，有機(jī)質(zhì)擁有胡敏酸類物質(zhì)，這類物質(zhì)能刺激植物發(fā)育。

本研究結(jié)果顯示，60 d、120 d腐解時(shí)間，高質(zhì)量濃度(0.5 g/mL)處理降低土壤pH。低腐解時(shí)間60 d各腐解液質(zhì)量濃度處理下土壤EC值均降低。120 d、180 d腐解時(shí)間下，中、高質(zhì)量濃度(0.25 g/mL、0.5 g/mL)處理較對(duì)照土壤EC值降低。各腐解液質(zhì)量濃度處理土壤無(wú)機(jī)氮、速效磷均提高，120 d腐解時(shí)間、高腐解質(zhì)量濃度(0.5 g/mL)處理下最高。腐解時(shí)間60 d、高質(zhì)量濃度(0.5 g/mL)處理下的土壤速效磷達(dá)到最高。各腐解質(zhì)量濃度處理速效鉀的量較對(duì)照表現(xiàn)為增加，120 d腐解液、高質(zhì)量濃度(0.5 g/mL)處理下土壤速效鉀較高。這與楊陽(yáng)[19]在研究分蘗洋蔥根系分泌物對(duì)黃瓜的化感作用研究規(guī)律一致，化感強(qiáng)弱分蘗洋蔥經(jīng)根系分泌物處理后，黃瓜土壤pH升高，土壤EC值下降。與對(duì)照相比較，化感作用強(qiáng)的，受高質(zhì)量濃度的洋蔥根系分泌物影響，黃瓜根際土壤速效磷、速效鉀的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)增加，可利用的P、K質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)增加。120 d腐解液、0.125 g/mL質(zhì)量濃度處理可提高土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，這與張琴等[20]研究結(jié)果類似，其研究結(jié)果顯示，不同腐解方式的棉花秸稈還田對(duì)棉花種子萌發(fā)具有不同的化感作用，可以提升土壤肥效，有效改良土壤。

前人對(duì)秸稈還田做了許多研究，閆超等[21]在研究水稻秸稈還田對(duì)土壤溶液養(yǎng)分的影響時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，秸稈還田使水稻分蘗期土壤溶液中無(wú)機(jī)氮質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)和整個(gè)生育期間土壤溶液中磷質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)降低，增加了鉀的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)。徐國(guó)偉等[22]在測(cè)定秸稈還田對(duì)土壤理化性質(zhì)影響時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，土壤 pH 顯著減小、全P、速效K質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)顯著增加，在水稻達(dá)成熟期后有機(jī)質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)顯著增加。吳婕等[23]研究也表明覆蓋秸稈可以顯著增加土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、全N、速效N、速效P、速效K。和前人研究相結(jié)合，秸稈腐解或作物根部產(chǎn)生的化感物質(zhì)可以改變土壤理化性質(zhì)，在植物的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育過(guò)程中，秸稈腐解或作物根部產(chǎn)生的化感物質(zhì)可以對(duì)土壤中營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素的有效性、吸收與轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)起作用，來(lái)改變土壤的理化特性。本研究證明，120 d腐解時(shí)間、高質(zhì)量濃度(0.5 g/mL)玉米秸稈腐解液改善幼苗生長(zhǎng)的土壤養(yǎng)分環(huán)境。

4 結(jié) 論

4.1 玉米幼苗根際pH、EC值隨著秸稈腐解液質(zhì)量濃度的升高而降低，無(wú)機(jī)氮、速效磷、速效鉀質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)均隨秸稈腐解液質(zhì)量濃度的升高而增加，且隨著葉齡的增加高腐解時(shí)間變化表現(xiàn)顯著，腐解質(zhì)量濃度及腐解時(shí)間對(duì)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)的變化調(diào)控效應(yīng)不顯著。

4.2 玉米秸稈腐解液改變幼苗根際土壤的理化性質(zhì)，120 d腐解時(shí)間、高質(zhì)量濃度(0.5 g/mL)秸稈腐解液改善幼苗生長(zhǎng)的土壤養(yǎng)分環(huán)境。

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(責(zé)任編輯：成 敏 Responsible editor:CHENG Min)

Effects of Maize Stalk Decomposing Liquid on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Seedling Rhizosphere

LIU Xuan，QIAO Tianchang，ZHAO Xianlong，ZHANG Lifang，WEI Shi，GU Wanrong,JIAO Jian and LI Jing

(College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University/ The Observation Experiment Station for Crop Cultivation Science in Northeast Area,Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.China,Harbin 150030,China)

In order to explore the effects of maize stalk decomposing substance on soil physical and chemical properties of seedling rhizosphere,‘Zhengdan 958’ was used as test materials.The effects of maize stalk decomposing substance with different decomposing time (0,60,120,180 d) and different mass concentration (0.125,0.25,0.5 g/mL) on soil pH,ECvalues,inorganic nitrogen,organic matter,available phosphorus and potassium were analyzed in seedling seeding rhizosphere.The results showed that the soil pH reached the highest level under the treatment of mass concentration of 0.5 g/mL and decomposition 180 d.The soil pH was lower than control with mass concentration of 0.5 g/mL and decomposition 60 d and 120 d,respectively.The soilECvalues reached the highest level with mass concentration of 0.125 g/mL and decomposed 120 d.The soil inorganic nitrogen reached the highest level with mass concentration of 0.5 g/mL and decomposed 120 d.The soil organic matter reached the highest level with the mass concentration of 0.125 g/mL after decomposed 60 d in 4,5,6 leaf stage of maize seedlings.The soil available phosphorus increased with increase of mass concentration after decomposition 60 d,120 d and 180 d.The soil available potassium reached the highest level with mass concentration of 0.5 g/mL after composition of 120 d.Therefore,the decomposition substance with different decomposition time and different mass concentrations had effect on soil physical and chemical properties of seedling rhizosphere,it was most significant effect of soil nutrient environment with mass concentration of 0.5 g/mL of ecomposed 120 d.

Maize； Stalk decomposing liquid; Soil physical and chemical properties; Soil nutrients

LIU Xuan,female,master student.Research area: maize high yield cultivation and physiology.E-mail:18345033400@163.com

LI Jing,female，associate professor.Research area: crop adversity physiology.E-mail：jingli1027@163.com

日期：2017-03-03

網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版地址：http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/61.1220.S.20170303.0835.066.html

2016-03-11

2016-06-13

國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目 (2012BAD14B06)；寒地作物品種改良與生理生態(tài)重點(diǎn)開(kāi)放實(shí)驗(yàn)室項(xiàng)目(HDZW-008)。

劉 旋，女，碩士研究生，從事玉米高產(chǎn)栽培生理研究。E-mail:18345033400@163.com

李 晶，女，副教授，主要從事作物逆境生理研究。E-mail：jingli1027@163.com

S513

A

1004-1389(2017)03-0376-08

Received 2016-03-11 Returned 2016-06-13

Foundation item National Science and Technology Support Program(No.2012BAD14B06); Project of Key Open Laboratory for Winter Crop Variety Improvement and Physiological Ecology(No.HDZW-008).