TO UNDERSTAND CHINA

“五通”

2013年9月7日，習(xí)近平主席在哈薩克斯坦納扎爾巴耶夫大學(xué)發(fā)表演講，首次提出加強(qiáng)“政策溝通、道路聯(lián)通、貿(mào)易暢通、貨幣流通、民心相通”，共同建設(shè)“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”的戰(zhàn)略倡議。2015年3月28日，中國政府在博鰲亞洲論壇2015年年會期間正式發(fā)布《推動共建絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶和21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路的愿景與行動》，提出要以“政策溝通、設(shè)施聯(lián)通、貿(mào)易暢通、資金融通、民心相通”（簡稱“五通”）為主要內(nèi)容，打造“一帶一路”沿線國家政治互信、經(jīng)濟(jì)融合、文化互容的利益共同體、責(zé)任共同體和命運(yùn)共同體。在“一帶一路”建設(shè)全面推進(jìn)過程中，“五通”既相互獨(dú)立，在不同時(shí)間階段各有重點(diǎn)，也是統(tǒng)一整體，需要相互促進(jìn)，不可分割。

FIVE-PRONGED APPROACH

In his speech at Kazakhstan’s Nazarbayev University on September 7, 2013, President Xi Jinping proposed building a Silk Road Economic Belt by promoting policy coordination, road connectivity, unimpeded trade, currency convertibility, and closer people-to-people ties.

At the Boao Forum for Asia on March 28, 2015, the Chinese government issued a white paper entitledJoining Hands to Build a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road – Vision and Actions. This document also calls for policy coordination, connectivity of infrastructure and facilities, unimpeded trade, financial integration,and closer people-to-people ties (a five-pronged approach), so as to build a community of shared interests, of shared responsibility and of a shared future on the basis of mutual trust, economic integration and cultural inclusiveness. While the five components of this approach are distinct from one another and will have a shifting focus at different stages in building the Belt and Road, they form an integrated whole, and both are inseparable and mutually reinforcing.

政策溝通

政策溝通是“一帶一路”建設(shè)的重要保障。政策溝通的基本含義是:在深化利益融合、促進(jìn)政治互信并達(dá)成合作新共識的前提下，本著求同存異的原則，沿線各國積極構(gòu)建政府間宏觀政策溝通的交流機(jī)制，就經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和對策進(jìn)行充分交流對接，共同制定推進(jìn)區(qū)域合作的規(guī)劃和措施，協(xié)商解決合作中的問題，共同為務(wù)實(shí)合作及大型項(xiàng)目實(shí)施提供政策支持，從而形成趨向一致的戰(zhàn)略、決策、政策和規(guī)則，結(jié)成更為鞏固的命運(yùn)共同體。

POLICY COORDINATION

Policy coordination is key to the effective implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative. In order to expand shared interests, enhance mutual trust and build consensus on further cooperation, it is important for the countries along the Belt and Road to seek common ground while shelving differences, and increase inter-governmental communication on macroeconomic policy and development strategies so as to better align their national priorities with regional planning needs and common goals. Cooperation related issues and challenges should be dealt with through consultation, and policy support is needed to promote a pragmatic approach to implementing large-scale projects. Joint efforts have to be made to harmonize strategies, decision-making processes, policies and rules, so as to build a stronger community of shared future.