湖北武漢 鄧楊周
中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)
——情景交際
湖北武漢 鄧楊周
情景交際是歷年中考常考的內(nèi)容,常涉及聽力題、單項選擇題、補全對話題等題型。通常是通過上下文情景設(shè)置來考查交際用語本身或者其它語法項目。同學(xué)們一定要熟悉日常交際用語及對話話題,尤其是英語教學(xué)大綱中要求的話題及常用習(xí)慣用語。要注意不要用中式思維來答題,應(yīng)根據(jù)語言環(huán)境具體問題具體分析?,F(xiàn)簡要總結(jié)中考英語中常考的幾種話題和交際用語如下:
1.Can I help you?(有什么能為您效勞嗎?)
這是商店、飯店、書店等服務(wù)業(yè)的服務(wù)人員對顧客說的一句客套話。
類似的句型還有:
What can I do for you?
Is there anything I can do for you?
Anything I can do for you?
肯定回答(接受幫助):Yes,please.(是的。)
否定回答(拒絕幫助):No,thanks.I’m just looking around.(不了,謝謝。我只是隨便看看。)
2.Here,take this seat please.(請坐。 )
3.Would you like some water?(您需要水嗎?)
4.Let me take your bags.(我來幫你拿包。)
對2、3、4的肯定的回答(接受幫助)可以用:
Thanks.That would be nice.(謝謝。那樣太好了。)
Thank you for your help.(感謝你的幫助。)
Yes,please.(是的。)
對2、3、4的否定的回答(拒絕幫助)可以用:
No,thanks.(不了,謝謝。)
That’s very kind of you,but I can do/manage it myself.(你太好了,不過我自己能搞定。)
向他人問路以及對于他人的問路的回復(fù)方式主要有以下幾種:
1.—Where’s the train station,please?(請問火車站在哪?)
—It’s on the Bridge Street.(在大橋街。)
2.—Is there a bus stop/train station near here?(這附近有汽車站/火車站嗎?)
—Yes,there is.(是的,這附近有。)
3.—Can you tell me the way to the post office?(能告訴我郵局怎么去嗎?)
—Sure.Go down this street,and you’ll find it on your left.(當然。順著這條街走,在這條路的左邊。)
4.—How can I get to the train station?/Which is the way to the train station?(我該怎么去火車站?/去火車站走哪條路?)
—Sorry,I don’t know.I’m new here.(對不起,我不清楚。我第一次來這兒。)
1.用一般疑問句形式
(1)“Will/Would/Can/Could you come to...?”表示“請您來……好嗎?”。在被邀請人接受的可能性較大的情況下使用。
例如:
Will you come to take part in my party?(你會來參加我的聚會嗎?)
(2)Would you like+名詞(代詞)/不定式/sb.+不定式?
此句型表示“您愿意……嗎?”或“你是否愿意……?”,此時邀請人不知對方是否接受邀請,是商量、詢問及試探性的邀請、請求或表示個人的想法、看法。
例如:
—Would you like to go there with him?(你愿意與他一起去那兒嗎?)
—Yes,I’d like/love to.(好的,我愿意。)
類似的肯定回答的表達方法有:
Yes,I’d be happy to.(好的,我很樂意。)
Yes,it’s very kind/nice of you to invite me.(好的,謝謝您邀請我。)
Yes,it’s very kind of you.(真是太好了,謝謝。)
2.用陳述句形式
I like sb.to do sth./I’d like you to come to...這是向某人發(fā)出邀請的常見句式。表示“希望(想叫)某人做某事”,常與would連用,是一種客氣的邀請。
例如:
—I’d like to invite you to see a film with me.(我想請你和我一起去看電影。)
—I’d like/love to,but I’m very busy.(我很想,但我很忙。)
類似的委婉拒絕的表達方法有:
I’d love to...But I’m afraid...(我想去,但是恐怕……)
Thank you for inviting me./It’s very kind of you to invite me,but I’m busy.(謝謝你邀請我,但我很忙。)
1.Interrogation(問診)
(1)—What’s wrong/the matter with you?=What’s your trouble?(你怎么了?)
—I’ve got a cough/cold/headache/a pain here.I don’t feel like eating anything.(我咳嗽/感冒了/頭疼/這里疼。什么東西也不想吃。)
(2)—How long have you been like this?(你這樣已經(jīng)多久了?)
—Ever since two hours ago.(兩小時前開始的。)
(3)—When did you get it?(你什么時候開始這樣的?)
—Two hours ago.(兩個小時以前。)
(4)Have you taken your temperature?(你查了體溫嗎?)
(5)Have you got a fever?(你發(fā)燒了嗎?)
2.Examination(檢查)
(1)Open your mouth and say“Ah”.(張開嘴,說“啊”。)
(2)Show me your tongue.(讓我看看你的舌頭。)
(3)Please lie on the bed.(請?zhí)稍诖采稀?
(4)Take it easy.(請放松。)
(5)Don’t be nervous.(別緊張。)
3.Treatment(治療)
(1)Take this medicine three times a day according to the instructions.(看說明,每天服用該藥三次。)
(2)I’ll give you an injection.(我給你打一針。)
(3)Drink some hot water with honey and stay in bed for two days.You’ll be well soon.(喝點熱水,加點蜂蜜,在床上休息幾天。你很快就會好起來的。)
1.What do you think of+名詞/代詞/動詞ing?
該結(jié)構(gòu)的意思是“你認為……怎么樣?”。常見的回答的方式有以下幾種:
(1)—What do you think of Beijing Opera?(你認為京劇怎么樣?)
—I can’t stand it.(我不能忍受它。)
(2)—What do you think of going to travel to Beijing?(你認為去北京旅游怎么樣?)
—I don’t mind it.(我不介意。)
2.How do you like...?
該結(jié)構(gòu)用來詢問對方觀點,與“What do you think of...?”意思相同。常見的回答的方式有以下幾種:
(1)—How do you like this film?(你覺得這部電影怎么樣?)
—It’s not too bad.(還可以。)
(2)—How do you like Chinese food?(你覺得中國菜怎么樣?)
—Oh,I love it./I don’t like it.(哦,我愛吃。/我不喜歡。)
1.詢問和談及天氣的常見方式有:
(1)How’s the weather in Wuhan?(武漢的天氣怎么樣?)
(2)What’s the weather like today?(今天是什么天氣?)
(3)Lovely weather,isn’t it?(天氣真好,不是嗎?)
(4)What a cold/hot day today!(今天真冷/熱??!)
2.常見的回答方式有:
(1)It’s sunny/rainy/cloudy/windy/snowy/foggy.(晴天/雨天/陰天/有風/下雪/有霧。)
(2)It looks like rain.(好像要下雨。)
(3)It’s raining cats and dogs.(正下著傾盆大雨。)
(4)It seems to be cleaning up.(天似乎要轉(zhuǎn)晴。)
(5)It’s snowing heavily.(正下著大雪。)
(6)The snow won’t last long.(雪不會下太長時間。)
1.請求他人允許/許可的常見方式有:
(1)Can/Could I borrow you cellphone?I need to call my mum.(我可以借一下你的手機嗎?我得給我媽打個電話。)
(2)May I try this coat on?(我可以試穿一下這件上衣嗎?)
(3)Would you mind if I sit with you?(我可以跟你一起坐嗎?)
(4)I wonder if I could take tomorrow off?Because I want to meet my parents at the airport.
(我明天可以請一天假嗎,因為我要到機場去接我的父母。)
2.常見的肯定的回答方式有:
(1)Yes,please.(是的。)
(2)Sure.(當然。)
(3)Certainly.(可以。)
(4)That’s all right.(沒關(guān)系。)
(5)Of course,you can.(當然,你可以。)
3.常見的否定的回答方式有:
(1)I’m sorry,it’s not allowed.(對不起,這是不允許的。)
(2)I’m afraid not.(恐怕不行。)
(3)You’d better not.(你最好不要。)
1.詢問喜好的主要方式:
(1)What kind of music do you like?(你喜歡什么樣的音樂?)
(2)Why do you like this CD?(為什么你喜歡這個CD?)
(3)What’s your favorite sport?(你最喜歡的運動是什么?)
(4)Which do you prefer,fishing or mountain climbing?(釣魚和登山你更喜歡那一個?)
2.表達自己的喜好:
(1)I like music that I can sing along with.(我喜歡能隨著歌唱的音樂。)
(2)This music is great because you can dance to it.(這個音樂很棒,因為你可以隨著它跳舞。)
(3)I like football best./Football is my favorite.(足球是我的最愛。)
(4)I enjoy listening to music.(我喜歡聽音樂。)
3.談?wù)撟约翰幌矚g的東西:
(1)She hates boxing。(她討厭拳擊。)
(2)The song is bad/awful.(這首歌太糟糕了。)
(3)I don’t like the movie at all.(我一點也不喜歡這部電影。)
(4)I hate to do homework.(我討厭做作業(yè)。)
1.詢問他人就餐的意見的主要方式:
(1)Would you like to have something to drink?(你想喝點兒什么嗎?)
(2)How about a cup of tea?(來一杯茶怎么樣?)
(3)What would you like(to eat/have)?(你想來(吃)點兒什么?)
2.表達自己的就餐意愿:
(1)I’d like a cup of coffee.(我想來杯咖啡。)
(2)Just a little,please.(請給我來一點。)
(3)I am so thirsty,do you have anything to drink?(我渴死了,你有什么喝的嗎?)
(4)Can I have some more soup?(能給我再來點湯嗎?)
(5)Thank you so much,I’m so full.(非常感謝,我吃的太飽了。)