中國列車空氣動力學(xué)研究進(jìn)展

田紅旗

·高被引論文摘要·

被引頻次：222

中國列車空氣動力學(xué)研究進(jìn)展

田紅旗

論述了列車空氣動力學(xué)研究方法：數(shù)值模擬計算、風(fēng)洞試驗、動模型試驗和在線實(shí)車試驗；討論了幾種典型列車的空氣動力性能：中華之星高速列車、雙層集裝箱貨運(yùn)列車、磁浮高速列車；建立了列車交會壓力波、線間距、安全退避距離的理論關(guān)系式；研究了列車流線形外形與氣動性能的關(guān)系：流線形頭形、車身截面外形、列車編組方式、車體表面以及影響氣動性能的受電弓導(dǎo)流罩、外風(fēng)擋、底罩及裙板、導(dǎo)流板等主要部件，介紹了研制流線形列車車體的成套技術(shù)及全面推廣應(yīng)用情況；研究了隧道-列車耦合空氣動力特性；論述了為既有線5次大提速、百里強(qiáng)風(fēng)區(qū)的蘭新鐵路解決的列車空氣動力影響行車安全問題。

車輛工程；空氣動力學(xué)；研究進(jìn)展；數(shù)值計算；風(fēng)洞試驗；動模型試驗；在線實(shí)車試驗；高速列車；提速列車；行車安全；隧道-列車耦合空氣動力學(xué)

來源出版物：交通運(yùn)輸工程學(xué)報, 2006, 6(1): 1-9

被引頻次：192

高速鐵路振動荷載的模擬研究

梁波，羅紅，孫常新

摘要：高速鐵路路基動力響應(yīng)的分布和變化規(guī)律已成為研究和解決路基問題的重要方面，通過確定動荷載來研究路基的動力特性是其中的一種方法。列車荷載是一個很復(fù)雜的問題，同時涉及列車軸重、懸掛體系、行車速度、軌道組成、線路平順等等因素。本文將在充分考慮振動荷載產(chǎn)生機(jī)理（車輛因素、軌下基礎(chǔ)因素等）的基礎(chǔ)上,對已有的列車荷載表達(dá)式進(jìn)行修正和完善。修正后的表達(dá)式，既考慮了相鄰輪對間輪軌力的相互疊加和軌枕的分散作用，又考慮了由于軌道不平順?biāo)a(chǎn)生的振動激勵及其他要素，以期為高速列車動荷載的確定和路基動力響應(yīng)分析提供借鑒和參考。

關(guān)鍵詞：高速鐵路；路基；動力特性；列車荷載

來源出版物：鐵道學(xué)報, 2006, 28(4): 89-94

被引頻次：116

中國高速列車的創(chuàng)新發(fā)展

張衛(wèi)華，王伯銘

摘要：介紹了中國高速鐵路的建設(shè)規(guī)劃，闡述了高速列車的九大關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和十項配套技術(shù)，給出了中國高速列車基本模式，分析了京滬高速列車的特征和先進(jìn)性，闡明了制約高速列車速度提升的因素，肯定了基礎(chǔ)研究對高速列車消化吸收再創(chuàng)新的支撐作用。

關(guān)鍵詞：高速鐵路；高速列車；動車組；動力學(xué)

來源出版物：機(jī)車電傳動, 2010, (1): 8-12

被引頻次：108

世界高速列車技術(shù)的最新進(jìn)展

錢立新

摘要：敘述日本、法國、德國、意大利、西班牙等國高速列車發(fā)展沿革，重點(diǎn)分析日本500系、700系、E2系1000型；法國TGV A型、TGV TMST型、TGV 2N型、AGV型；德國 ICE350型；意大利 ETR500型；西班牙 AVE型、Talgo350型；韓國KTX型、KHST型等新型高速列車的技術(shù)特征及新技術(shù)應(yīng)用情況。指出當(dāng)前世界高速列車發(fā)展目標(biāo)是最高運(yùn)行速度300～330 km·h-1、試驗速度350 km·h-1及以上，基本采用動力分散方式，并更多采用智能化交流傳動技術(shù)、輕量化技術(shù)、動力原性能優(yōu)化技術(shù)，復(fù)合制動技術(shù)，更流線型的車頭車身等新技術(shù)。

關(guān)鍵詞：高速列車；技術(shù)；進(jìn)展；綜述

來源出版物：中國鐵道科學(xué), 2003, 24(4): 1-11

被引頻次：86

中國高速鐵路軌道檢測技術(shù)發(fā)展

陳東生，田新宇

摘要：通過對國外高速軌道檢測技術(shù)的發(fā)展介紹，結(jié)合國內(nèi)軌道檢測技術(shù)發(fā)展和應(yīng)用情況，論述了發(fā)展我國高速鐵路軌道檢測技術(shù)的必要性，從而進(jìn)一步闡明了我國高速鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施安全檢測體系的發(fā)展構(gòu)架和設(shè)想。

關(guān)鍵詞：軌道檢測技術(shù)；高速鐵路安全檢測體系；慣性測量；非接觸測量

來源出版物：鐵道建筑, 2008, (12): 82-86

被引頻次：71

高速列車的動態(tài)環(huán)境及其技術(shù)的根本特點(diǎn)

沈志云

摘要：討論了高速列車所處的動態(tài)環(huán)境。指出高速列車與普通列車的根本不同在于列車所處的動態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化，由機(jī)械、電氣作用為主，變?yōu)橐詺鈩幼饔脼橹?。正是由于這一巨大變化，才產(chǎn)生了一系列高速列車技術(shù)的特點(diǎn)。例如，由于需要特大牽引功率來克服地表稠密大氣所產(chǎn)生的阻力，高速列車必須放棄機(jī)車牽引，采用動車組模式；對高速列車必須進(jìn)行“噪聲設(shè)計”，才能分別按環(huán)保要求決定高速通道不同區(qū)段的最高限制速度。本文根據(jù)上述觀點(diǎn)得出一些不同于通常所理解的關(guān)于地面高速交通的結(jié)論。比如：指出磁浮列車只有在低速下運(yùn)行，才能凸顯其低噪聲的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，高速度并不是它的特長。本文還進(jìn)一步指出，地面開敞式高速交通，最高速度不宜高于400 km/h，超過這一限速必須采用真空管道高速交通。

關(guān)鍵詞：地面高速交通；稠密大氣層；高速列車動態(tài)環(huán)境；氣動噪聲；會車氣壓波；真空管道高速交通

來源出版物：鐵道學(xué)報, 2006, 28(4): 1-5

被引頻次：66

高速鐵路軌道技術(shù)綜述

盧祖文

摘要：研究目的：高速鐵路的軌道必然比普通線路具有更高的安全性、可靠性和平順性，為保證軌道結(jié)構(gòu)的這些要求，軌道各部件的力學(xué)性能、使用性能和組成為結(jié)構(gòu)的整體性能都比普通軌道部件高得多。本文旨在提供長期以來國內(nèi)外在高速鐵路軌道方面的研究成果與應(yīng)用經(jīng)驗，以期滿足中國高速鐵路建設(shè)和發(fā)展的需要。研究結(jié)論：對各國在高速鐵路軌道結(jié)構(gòu)、客運(yùn)專線和高速鐵路對軌道結(jié)構(gòu)的要求、鋼軌、軌下基礎(chǔ)、扣件、道床等方面的技術(shù)指標(biāo)做出分析和評述，并對一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的發(fā)展提出了思路。

關(guān)鍵詞：高速鐵路；軌道；綜述

來源出版物：鐵道工程學(xué)報, 2007, (1): 41-54

被引頻次：63

中國高速鐵路創(chuàng)新與發(fā)展

何華武

摘要：中國鐵路在既有線提速、高速鐵路、裝備現(xiàn)代化、高原鐵路、重載鐵路等方面實(shí)現(xiàn)重大跨越。從既有線提速、新建高速鐵路、客運(yùn)樞紐、高速列車及在建高速鐵路等方面介紹中國高速鐵路建設(shè)和運(yùn)營成就；從工程建造技術(shù)、動車組技術(shù)、列車運(yùn)行控制技術(shù)及系統(tǒng)集成與運(yùn)營管理技術(shù)等方面闡述中國高速鐵路技術(shù)創(chuàng)新成果；論述中國高速鐵路通過大幅提高客運(yùn)能力、釋放既有線貨運(yùn)能力對經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展作出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)；對中國高速鐵路未來發(fā)展進(jìn)行展望。

關(guān)鍵詞：高速鐵路；技術(shù)創(chuàng)新；成就；展望

來源出版物：中國鐵路, 2010, (12): 5-8

被引頻次：58

鐵路智能運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用前景、框架體系和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究

聶阿新

摘要：鐵路智能運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)（RITS）集成了現(xiàn)代通信技術(shù)、信息處理技術(shù)、控制與系統(tǒng)技術(shù)、自動化技術(shù)、管理與決策技術(shù)等多門現(xiàn)代高新科技，以實(shí)現(xiàn)信息采集、傳輸、處理和共享為基礎(chǔ)，通過高效充分地利用與鐵路運(yùn)輸相關(guān)的所有移動的、固定的、空間的、時間的以及人力的資源，以較低的成本達(dá)到保障安全、提高運(yùn)輸效率、改善經(jīng)營管理和提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量目的。其框架體系突出規(guī)范性和可拓展性的特點(diǎn)，為中國特色的 RITS的發(fā)展提供規(guī)劃、設(shè)計、實(shí)施、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和管理的依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。其技術(shù)關(guān)鍵在于鐵路移動體與固定設(shè)施一體化安全檢測網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)、分布式的國家鐵路安全數(shù)據(jù)中心體系、基于無線和衛(wèi)星定位導(dǎo)航的列車調(diào)度與指揮系統(tǒng)、基于GPS的物流監(jiān)測與追蹤系統(tǒng)、基于列車總線的數(shù)字列車系統(tǒng)、高速鐵路一體化通信信號系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)，以及高速寬帶的車地雙向數(shù)據(jù)接入系統(tǒng)技術(shù)、鐵路現(xiàn)有業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)的互聯(lián)與信息共享技術(shù)、特殊地區(qū)列車運(yùn)行控制與運(yùn)輸保障綜合技術(shù)方面的突破。

關(guān)鍵詞：鐵路運(yùn)輸；智能運(yùn)輸；系統(tǒng)分析；關(guān)鍵技術(shù)

來源出版物：中國鐵道科學(xué), 2002, 23(2): 15-20

被引頻次：44

CRH2型200 km/h動車組

許韻武，鄧小軍，鄢桂珍，等

摘要：介紹CRH2型200 km/h動車組的主要技術(shù)參數(shù)，闡述了車體、轉(zhuǎn)向架、牽引系統(tǒng)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制系統(tǒng)、輔助電源系統(tǒng)、制動系統(tǒng)、空調(diào)系統(tǒng)及車內(nèi)裝飾等的基本特點(diǎn)。

關(guān)鍵詞：200 km/h動車組；技術(shù)參數(shù)；E2-1000系動車組

來源出版物：機(jī)車電傳動, 2007, (3): 39-45

被引頻次：191

來源出版物：Engineering Structures, 1997, 19(11):936-944

被引頻次：191

Vehicle-bridge interaction element for dynamic analysis

Yang, YB; Yau, JD

Abstract:The objective of this study is to develop an element that is both accurate and efficient for modeling the vehicle-bridge interaction (VBI) in analysis of railway bridges carrying high-speed trains, which may consist of a number of cars in connection. In this study, a train is modeled as a series of sprung masses lumped at the bogie positions and a bridge with track irregularities by beam elements. Two sets of equations of motion that are coupled can be written, one for the bridge and the other for each of the sprung masses. To resolve the problem of coupling, the sprung mass equation is first discretized using Newmark’s finite difference formulas and then condensed to that of the bridge element in contact. The element derived is referred to as the vehicle bridge interaction element, which has the same number of degrees of freedom (DOF) as the parent element, while possessing the properties of symmetry and bandedness in element matrices. For this reason,conventional assembly procedures can be employed to forming the structure equations. The applicability of the VBI element is demonstrated in the numerical studies.

來源出版物：Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,1997, 123(11): 1512-1518

被引頻次：109

Position-based modeling for wireless channel on high-speed railway under a viaduct at 2.35 GHz

Liu, Liu; Tao, Cheng; Qiu, Jiahui; et al.

Abstract:This paper presents a novel and practical study on the position-based radio propagation channel for High-Speed Railway by performing extensive measurements at 2.35 GHz in China. The specification on the path loss model is developed. In particular, small scale fading properties such as K-factor, Doppler frequency feature and time delay spread are parameterized, which show dynamic variances depending on the train location and the transceiver separation. Finally, the statistical positionbased channel models are firstly established to characterize the High-Speed Railway channel, which significantly promotes the evaluation and verification of wireless communications in relative scenarios.

Keywords:high-speed railway; position-based wireless channel; path loss; K-factor; doppler frequency; time dispersion

來源出版物：IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2012, 30(4): 834-845

被引頻次：85

Automatic train control system development and simulation for high-speed railways

Dong, Hairong; Ning, Bin; Cai, Baigen; et al.

Abstract:Research and development on high-speed railway systems and particularly its automatic control systems, are introduced. Numerical modeling of high-speed trains in the Chinese high-speed train system and its associate automatic control systems are described in detail.Moreover, modeling and simulation of train operation systems are analyzed and demonstrated.

來源出版物：IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, 2010,10(2): 6-18

被引頻次：79

Challenges toward wireless communications for high-speed railway

Ai, Bo; Cheng, Xiang; Kuerner, Thomas; et al.

Abstract:High-speed railway (HSR) brings convenience to peoples’ lives and is generally considered as one of the most sustainable developments for ground transportation.One of the important parts of HSR construction is the signaling system, which is also called the “operation control system,” where wireless communications play a key role in the transmission of train control data. We discuss in detail the main differences in scientific research for wireless communications between the HSR operation scenarios and the conventional public land mobile scenarios. The latest research progress in wireless channel modeling in viaducts, cuttings, and tunnels scenarios are discussed. The characteristics of nonstationary channel and the line-of-sight (LOS) sparse and LOS multiple-inputmultiple-output channels, which are the typical channels in HSR scenarios, are analyzed. Some novel concepts such as composite transportation and key challenging techniques such as train-to-train communication, vacuum maglev train techniques, the security for HSR, and the fifth-generation wireless communications related techniques for future HSR development for safer, more comfortable, and more secure HSR operation are also discussed.

Keywords:channel modeling; composite transportation;cuttings and tunnels; high-speed railway (HSR); operation control system; train control data; viaducts

來源出版物：IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2014, 15(5): 2143-2158

被引頻次：75

Dynamic analysis of railway bridge under high-speed trains

Xia, H; Zhang, N

Abstract:The dynamic interaction between high-speed train and bridge is studied by theoretical analysis and field experiment. A computational model of train-bridge system is established. Each vehicle is described by 27 degrees of freedom. The bridge is modeled by modal superposition technique. The measured track irregularities are taken as the system excitation. The whole histories of the China-Star high-speed train running through a bridge with 24 m-span PC box girders on the Qin-Shen Special Passenger Railway in China are simulated. The dynamic responses of the bridge such as dynamic deflections, lateral amplitudes, lateral and vertical accelerations, lateral pier amplitudes, and the vehicle responses such as derail factors, offload factors, wheel/rail forces and car-body accelerations are calculated. The proposed analysis model and the solution method are verified through the comparison between the calculated results and the in situ measured data.

Keywords:high-speed railway; train-bridge system;dynamic interaction; experiment

來源出版物：Computers & Structures, 2005, 83(23-24):1891-1901

被引頻次：71

Dynamic analysis of high speed railway bridge under articulated trains

Xia, H; Zhang, N; De Roeck, G

Abstract:The problem of vehicle-bridge dynamic interaction system under articulated high speed trains is studied in this paper. A dynamic interaction model of the bridge-articulated train system is established, which is composed of an articulated vehicle element model and a finite element bridge model. The vehicle model is established according to the structure and suspending properties of the articulated vehicles. A computer simulation program is worked out. As an example, the case of the Thalys articulated train passing along the Antoing Bridge on the Paris-Brussels high speed railway line is analyzed. The dynamic responses of the bridge and the vehicles are calculated. The proposed analysis model and the solution method are verified through the comparisonbetween the calculated results and the in situ measured data. The vibration behaviour of the articulated trains is discussed.

Keywords:articulated trains; vehicle-bridge system;dynamic interaction; experiment

來源出版物：Computers & Structures, 2003, 81(26-27):2467-2478

被引頻次：67

An empirical path loss model and fading analysis for high-speed railway viaduct scenarios

He, Ruisi; Zhong, Zhangdui; Ai, Bo; et al.

Abstract:Based on the narrowband 930-MHz measurements taken along the “Zhengzhou-Xi’an” highspeed railway in China, an empirical path loss model is proposed. It is applicable to high-speed railway viaduct scenarios, considering the influences of viaduct height H and base station antenna relative height h, which are not well-covered by existing large-scale models. The path loss exponents are investigated, based on which the influence of viaduct on propagation is discussed. The fading depth up to 15.96 dB and the Ricean K-factor with mean value of 3.79 dB are obtained.

Keywords:fading depth; high-speed railway; path loss exponent; path loss model; viaduct

來源出版物：IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 2011, 10: 808-812

被引頻次：63

Vehicle-bridge interaction analysis under high-speed trains

Zhang, Nan; Xia, He; Guo, Weiwei

Abstract:The dynamic interaction between high-speed train and simply supported girders is studied by theoretical analysis and field experiment in this paper. The dynamic interaction model of the train-bridge system is established,in which the rigid-body dynamics theory, finite element method and wheel-rail displacement corresponding assumption are adopted for the vehicle model, bridge model and wheel-rail interaction model, respectively. The measured track irregularities are taken as the system excitation. The responses of a 24 m-span PC box girder bridge are calculated. The proposed analysis model and the solution method are verified through the comparison between the calculated results and the measured results.

來源出版物：Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2008,309(3-5): 407-425

Vibration of simple beams due to trains moving at high speeds

Yang, YB; Yau, JD; Hsu, LC

To investigate the vibration of simple beams subjected to the passage of high speed trains, a train is modeled as the composition elf two subsystems of wheel loads of constant intervals, with one consisting of all the front wheel assemblies and the other the rear assemblies.By an analytical approach, the key parameters that govern the dynamic responses of the beams are identified, using the moving load assumption. To evaluate the inertia effect of moving vehicles, numerical solutions are obtained using Newmark’s beta method. Based on the condition of resonance and the condition of cancellation for the waves generated by continuously moving loads on the beam,optimal design criteria that are effective for suppressing the resonant responses are proposed, In designing a high speed railway bridge, such criteria should be considered in selecting the span length and cross-section of the beam,given the car length, axle distance and operating speed of the train.

bridge; high speed train; moving load; simple beam; railway; resonance; vibration