楊書枝供稿

閱讀理解
——選擇題型篇

楊書枝供稿

在英語閱讀理解中，選擇型閱讀主要考查學(xué)生在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)快速閱讀英語短文，了解短文的主題思想，對(duì)文中信息進(jìn)行分析、推理、判斷，把握上下文事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)之間的時(shí)空順序和邏輯關(guān)系、理解作者的意圖、態(tài)度以及文章寓意的能力。閱讀理解題的設(shè)問手法靈活、提問深入、語篇意識(shí)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。這不僅要求我們理解文章的字面意思，還要求我們理解其內(nèi)在含義。選擇型閱讀理解的考查題型主要有四大類：細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、詞義推測(cè)題和主旨大意題。

技巧點(diǎn)撥

1.解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題的方法：快速掃讀，領(lǐng)悟大意，理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)層次及其細(xì)節(jié)；認(rèn)真審題，回扣原文，用尋讀法快速查找關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容。

2.解答推理判斷題的方法：讀懂原文，抓住關(guān)鍵詞、短語、句子或段落，透徹理解文章內(nèi)容，注意文章結(jié)構(gòu)層次和邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合閱讀材料外的有關(guān)生活、社會(huì)常識(shí)，仔細(xì)斟酌，做出準(zhǔn)確的推斷和引申。

3.解答詞義猜測(cè)題的方法：我們可以根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞、定義或釋義、生活常識(shí)、構(gòu)詞法、上下文邏輯關(guān)系、句法功能及語境等方法來猜測(cè)詞義。

4.解答主旨大意題的方法：我們可以于段首或段尾定位主題句、在文章中找出關(guān)鍵詞或歸納概括文章的中心思想來確定答案。

專題訓(xùn)練

A

Teary Joe was a little boy.He could make himself cry in less than a second.When Joe wanted something or disliked something， he would cry.In this way， he got everything he wanted， because no one could resist his tearful face.

But one day， Joe met Pipo.Pipo was begging in the street for some money.Pipo was very poor， but he always had the biggest smile on his face.Joe decided to help Pipo.He got much money by crying.But Pipo refused his money.He said he preferred getting something by making an effort （努力）， because it was much more fun and interesting.

Joe walked away sadly， thinking what Pipo said and what he himself did before.

That evening， Joe wanted a delicious cake for his supper.When his mother refused， Joe didn’t cry.He tried to get the cake in another way.So he spent the whole evening helping his mother water the plants and clean the rooms.

In the end， there was no cake.But that wasn’t so bad， because Joe discovered it had been much more fun doing all those things than just crying to get a piece of cake.

1.In which way did Joe get what he wanted？

A.By smiling.

B.By begging.

C.By crying.

D.By helping others.

2.The underlined word “resist” means _.

3.Pipo refused Joe’s money because _.

A.抗拒 B.表達(dá) C.抱怨 D.注意

A.there wasn’t much money

B.he liked getting something by making an effort

C.it’s much more fun and interesting

D.he didn’t need any money at all

4.When mother refused Joe that evening， Joe didn’t cry.From this we know _.

A.Joe didn’t want the cake at all

B.Pipo’s idea influenced him

C.Joe just wanted to help his mother

D.Joe liked working very much

5.What can we learn from the passage？

A.Do not ask for anything.

B.The biggest smile may help you succeed.

C.It is fun for children to get what they want through crying.

D.Children who cry to get what they want are missing a lot of fun.

B

Once， there lived three greedy （貪婪的）brothers in a town.Every day they fought to get more things.One day， their father told them to stop fighting with each other.

But they were still greedy.After thinking for some days， the father had a good idea.He said to his three sons， “If one of you can break off this bundle of sticks （這捆棍子），I will leave all my things to him.” Every son shouted out that he could do it.But no one could do it.

Then， the father divided the bundle into three parts and gave them to each son.This time， the three sons broke them easily.

The father said， “There is nothing you cannot do if the three of you stand together.You should help each other.” From then on，the three brothers got on well with each other.

1.Why did the brother fight with each other？

A.They did it for fun.

B.They wanted to get more things.

C.They had nothing to do.

D.Their father asked them to do that.

2._ broke off the bundle of sticks.

A.The first son

B.The second son

C.The third son

D.No son

3.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “divided”？

A.分割 B.合并 C.制造 D.買賣

4.At last， the three brothers _.

A.fought with each other again

B.stopped fighting

C.fought with their father

D.thought a good idea

5.From the passage we know _.

A.everyone is greedy

B.a father shouldn’t do anything

C.standing together is important

D.people shouldn’t break off sticks

答案解析

A

本文主要講了一個(gè)愛哭的男孩發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變的故事。Joe能瞬間讓自己大哭，并借此得到他想要的東西。有一天，他想通過這種方式幫Pipo，但Pipo拒絕了他，因?yàn)镻ipo更愿意通過努力得到想要的東西。那天晚上，當(dāng)媽媽拒絕了Joe的蛋糕要求后，他沒有哭。他想換種方式。于是他一整晚都在幫媽媽干活。雖然最終沒有蛋糕，但他很高興，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)做這些事很快樂。文章旨在告訴孩子們：通過哭得到想要的東西的同時(shí)也會(huì)失去很多樂趣。

1.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中“...he would cry.In this way， he got everything he wanted...”可知他是通過“哭”的方式得到他想要的。故選C。

2.A.詞義猜測(cè)題。第一段最后一句話的前半句“通過這種方式，他得到他想要的任何東西”，可知沒有人能“抗拒”他滿是淚痕的臉。故選A。

3.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后一句話“He said he preferred getting something by making an effort...”可知B項(xiàng)正確。

4.B.推理判斷題。結(jié)合上下文可知Joe思考Pipo的話和自己以前做的事后，有了一個(gè)很大的改變，由此可判斷Pipo的想法影響了Joe。故選B。

5.D.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文的主旨是想告訴我們通過“哭”的方式得到想要的東西會(huì)失掉很多樂趣。故D項(xiàng)所述正確。

B

本文是一篇哲理故事。有三個(gè)貪婪的兄弟經(jīng)常為爭奪東西而打架，父親勸阻無果。于是父親拿來一捆棍子讓他們折，結(jié)果沒人可以折斷；接著父親把棍子分成三部分，這次三兄弟很容易就折斷了。父親告訴他們，如果三人齊心協(xié)力，沒有什么是做不到的。于是三人再也不打架了。

1.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句話“Every day they fought to get more things.”可知他們是為了爭東西。故選B。

2.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后一句話“But no one could do it.”可知答案為D。

3.A.詞義猜測(cè)題。由本句中的“into three parts”可以推知是“分割”成三份。故選A。

4.B.推理判斷題。由短文最后一句“From then on， the three brothers got on well with each other.”可推知他們停止了打架。故選B。

5.C.主旨大意題。通讀短文，可知本文告訴我們的是團(tuán)結(jié)的重要性，所以C項(xiàng)與之相符。

名師簡介

楊書枝，中學(xué)英語一級(jí)教師、市級(jí)骨干教師、英語學(xué)科帶頭人、“研教”雙佳教師。有多篇論文發(fā)表于省級(jí)、國家級(jí)刊物；主編《中學(xué)教學(xué)全解》《中學(xué)教材全練》《英語閱讀專項(xiàng)突破與特訓(xùn)》《開心英語閱讀理解150篇》《輕松閱讀訓(xùn)練》等書籍；被《英語周報(bào)》等報(bào)刊評(píng)為“骨干作者”和“精英作者”。多次押中中考的閱讀理解、完形填空及書面表達(dá)題。