德國(guó)法蘭克福 (2003-2014)

美因河歐洲中央銀行新址

德國(guó)法蘭克福 (2003-2014)

業(yè)主：歐洲中央銀行

規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)：藍(lán)天組建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所

設(shè)計(jì)主持：沃爾夫?狄?普瑞克斯

項(xiàng)目合作：Frank Stepper

設(shè)計(jì)建筑師：Karin Miesenberger

設(shè)計(jì)競(jìng)賽：一期：2003年，二期：2003-2004年，

修改期：2004年

基地面積： 120 000平方米

總建筑面積：185 000平方米

制圖：藍(lán)天組

Client: European Central Bank (ECB), Frankfurt/M., Germany

Planning: COOP HIMMELB(L)AU Wolf D. Prix & Partner ZT GmbH Design Principal: Wolf D. Prix

Project Partner: Frank Stepper

Design Architect: Karin Miesenberger

Competition: Phase 1: 2003, Phase 2: 2003-2004,

Revision Phase: 2004

Site area: 120 000 m2

Gross floor area: 185 000 m2

Plans & Diagrams: ? COOP HIMMELB(L)AU

雙塔結(jié)構(gòu)成為法蘭克福奧斯坦德區(qū)天際線的亮點(diǎn)

藍(lán)天組為德國(guó)法蘭克福歐洲中央銀行設(shè)計(jì)的新址將地標(biāo)建筑Grossmarkthalle（批發(fā)市場(chǎng)）的橫向結(jié)構(gòu)和旋轉(zhuǎn)式雙塔結(jié)構(gòu)融為一體，高約185米。兩座塔樓由入口建筑相連，塑造出一種特殊的建筑效果，中間的玻璃結(jié)構(gòu)中庭融合了橋梁、通道和平臺(tái)，旨在打造一個(gè)“垂直城市”。具有半公共性質(zhì)和交流功能部分位于原先的Grossmarkthalle。從華麗的中庭和可視鋼支撐結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，歐洲央行大廈屬于一種全新的摩天大樓。

雙曲面造型

最初，歐洲央行明確要求建造一座獨(dú)特的標(biāo)志性建筑作為歐盟的象征，而富有鮮明特色的建筑只有通過塑造特殊的幾何造型才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。

歐洲央行的設(shè)計(jì)理念是采用雙曲面造型，將一個(gè)巨型整塊垂直切分，切分后進(jìn)行旋轉(zhuǎn)，然后在中間區(qū)域建造一個(gè)玻璃結(jié)構(gòu)中庭。最后會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)復(fù)雜的幾何造型和多面體建筑，其外觀從任何角度看迥然不同：從東南面看，顯得雄偉壯觀、氣魄恢弘，從西面看，則顯得輕盈優(yōu)雅、動(dòng)感十足。

“垂直城市”原則

連接層和過渡層把中庭橫向劃分為三個(gè)大小不同的層次，高度45~60米。這是連接所有垂直入口點(diǎn)的地方，就好像公共廣場(chǎng)邀請(qǐng)參觀者進(jìn)行交流。規(guī)劃的“空中花園”保證了舒適的室內(nèi)氣候，這些地方與辦公室和Grossmarkthalle交流區(qū)通過電梯和樓梯相連。

城市建設(shè)和建筑

歐洲央行的建筑經(jīng)過精心設(shè)計(jì)，與其法蘭克福奧斯坦德區(qū)的所在地保持協(xié)調(diào)。城市視域的導(dǎo)向性非常清晰，整個(gè)效果使老歌劇院、博物館河谷和金融區(qū)天際線這幾個(gè)法蘭克福最重要的地標(biāo)遙相呼應(yīng)。從法蘭克福市的各個(gè)重要地點(diǎn)和美因河都能看到這兩座形象鮮明的雙塔，這是法蘭克福東部第二中心的起始點(diǎn)。

“這符合多中心城市的準(zhǔn)則，比單中心城市更具活力，”藍(lán)天組設(shè)計(jì)總監(jiān)暨首席執(zhí)行官沃爾夫?狄?普瑞克斯解釋說，“各中心之間的張力區(qū)開始出現(xiàn)，必須進(jìn)行新的開發(fā)。”

The striking twin tower shapes the skyline of Frankfurt’s Ostend

The design of the Viennese architectural studio Coop Himmelb(l)au for the new premises of the European Central Bank in Frankfurt combines the horizontal structure of the landmarked Grossmarkthalle with a twisted double tower, which rises to 185 meters. United by an entrance building, these two elements form an ensemble of special architectural significance. Featuring bridges, pathways and platforms, the glass atrium between the two highrises creates a vertical city. The semipublic and communicative functions are located in the former Grossmarkthalle. The exceptional atrium and visible steel support structure show that the ECB building belongs to an entirely new typologie of skyscrapers.

The hyperboloid cut

From the beginning it was an explicit order of the ECB to create a unique, iconic building as a symbol for the European Union. A distinctiv and unique building can only be achieved by a completely different kind of Geometry.

The design concept of the ECB is to vertically divide a monolithic block through a hyperboloid cut, wedge it apart, twist it and fill the newly created intermediary space with a glass atrium. The result is a very complex geometry and a multifaceted building offering a completely different appearance from each angle: massiv and powerful from the South-East, slender and dynamic from the West.

The principle of the “Vertical City”

The connecting and transitioning levels divide the atrium horizontally into three sections with heights from 45 to 60 meters. This is where all vertical entry points are joined – and just like public squares, they invite visitors to communicate. The planned “hanging gardens” ensure a pleasant room climate while elevators and stairs connect these places with the offices and communication areas of the Grossmarkthalle.

Urban construction and architecture

The ECB’s architecture was carefully attuned to its location in Frankfurt’s Ostend district. With its clear orientation towards the urban perspectives, the ensemble enters a dialogue with Frankfurt’s most important reference points: the Alte Oper, the Museum Embankment and the skyline of the financial district. The distinctive double tower can be seen from all of the important places in Frankfurt’s city center and from the Main river, creating an initial point for a second center in the East of Frankfurt.

“This corresponds to the principle of a polycentric city, which is much more dynamic than a monocentric city,” explains Wolf D. Prix, Design Principal and CEO of Coop Himmelb(l)au. “Tension areas begin to emerge between the centers, in which new developments are being provoked.”

New Premises of the European Central Bank (ECB)

Frankfurt/M., Germany (2003-2014)

? Paul Raftery

? Paul Raftery

? Paul Raftery

? Paul Raftery

? Paul Raftery

? Paul Raftery

? European Central Bank/Robert Metsch

? Paul Raftery

? Paul Raftery

? Paul Raftery