美國(guó)俄亥俄州 (2001-2007)

阿克倫藝術(shù)博物館

美國(guó)俄亥俄州 (2001-2007)

業(yè)主：阿克倫藝術(shù)博物館

規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)：藍(lán)天組建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所

設(shè)計(jì)主持：沃爾夫?狄?普瑞克斯

項(xiàng)目合作：Michael Volk

設(shè)計(jì)建筑師：Tom Wiscombe; Mona Marbach

項(xiàng)目建筑師：Angus Schoenberger

設(shè)計(jì)競(jìng)賽：2001年，一等獎(jiǎng)

基地面積： 8 370平方米

總體可用建筑面積：8 244平方米

圖片：Roland Halbe

繪圖：藍(lán)天組

Client: Akron Art Museum, Akron, Ohio, USA

Planning: COOP HIMMELB(L)AU – Wolf D. Prix, Helmut Swiczinsky, Wolfdieter Dreibholz ZT GmbH

Design Principal: Wolf D. Prix

Project Partner: Michael Volk

Design Architects: Tom Wiscombe, Mona Marbach

Project Architect: Angus Schoenberger

Competition(1st Prize): 2001

Site Area: 8 370 m2

Total usable Floor Area: 8 244 m2

Images: ? Roland Halbe

Plans: ? COOP HIMMELB(L)AU

藍(lán)天組通過(guò)阿克倫藝術(shù)博物館展現(xiàn)了一種新的博物館設(shè)計(jì)理念，即“未來(lái)博物館”。博物館的傳統(tǒng)功能和城市空間共同形成了一座新型的文化中心，向參觀者提供數(shù)字、模擬信息和體驗(yàn)。

博物館由三個(gè)部分組成：水晶體、美術(shù)館和云頂。

水晶體作為博物館的主入口，可作為一個(gè)指示方位的場(chǎng)所，并與新舊建筑物的公共功能區(qū)相連。它是一個(gè)大型、靈活的空間，可用于舉辦宴會(huì)、藝術(shù)節(jié)，或供外部機(jī)構(gòu)和企業(yè)舉辦各種活動(dòng)。

美術(shù)館內(nèi)部是一個(gè)廣闊的空間，柱體較少，因此可以非常靈活地適應(yīng)不同的展覽需求。大型貨梯負(fù)責(zé)搬運(yùn)各個(gè)存儲(chǔ)區(qū)的大尺寸藝術(shù)品，同時(shí)也是裝貨碼頭和美術(shù)館之間的紐帶。美術(shù)館內(nèi)部沒(méi)有自然光，因此照明條件得以嚴(yán)格控制，并保證展品免受陽(yáng)光侵害。

云頂盤(pán)旋在該建筑物的上方，由于其質(zhì)量和材質(zhì)的因素，為博物館增添了一種朦朧感。它將室內(nèi)空間圍合，并在外部形成陰影區(qū)域，同時(shí)也是城市的橫向坐標(biāo)。

節(jié)能方案

通過(guò)策略性的建筑體量法和大量采用自然光，大大降低了水晶體對(duì)照明、采暖和制冷的能源消耗。美術(shù)館和云頂?shù)捏w量和位置可保護(hù)水晶體免受南面的陽(yáng)光直射。同時(shí)，立面材質(zhì)的反光性能可增加自然光的亮度，并減少對(duì)人造光源的需求。

水晶體利用微氣候環(huán)境處理采暖和制冷，因此無(wú)需對(duì)水晶體內(nèi)的空氣體積進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)，同時(shí)可集中使用能源，對(duì)人群聚集區(qū)域的空間進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)，通過(guò)這樣的方式，大幅度降低了運(yùn)營(yíng)成本和能源消耗。

美術(shù)館和水晶體的樓面由現(xiàn)澆混凝土板構(gòu)成，中間埋設(shè)了水管，通過(guò)大面積改變樓板的溫度來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)采暖和制冷。這種輻射地板系統(tǒng)比單純的強(qiáng)制性空氣系統(tǒng)更有效率，因?yàn)樗昧舜竺娣e的混凝土來(lái)存儲(chǔ)和提供穩(wěn)定、持續(xù)的采暖和制冷源。

With the Akron Art Museum Coop Himmelb(l)au has developed a new museum concept – "a Museum of the Future". The conventional functions of a museum and an urban space form together a new type of cultural center that offers digital and analog information and experience.

The building is broken up into 3 parts: the Crystal, the Gallery Box, and the Roof Cloud.

The Crystal serves as the main entry and operates as an orientation and connection space serving both the new and old buildings. It is a grand, flexible space that can also be used for banquets, arts festivals, and events hosted by outside organizations.

The interior of the Gallery Box is an expansive space which has very few columns and is therefore extremely flexible for varying exhibition requirements. A large freight elevator brings oversized works to and from the storage areas and serves as a link between the loading dock and Gallery Box. Natural light is eliminated in the galleries so that it can be strictly controlled and damage from sunlight can be eliminated. The Roof Cloud, which hovers above the building, creates a blurred envelope for the museum because of its sheer mass and materiality. It encloses interior space, provides shade for exterior spaces, and operates as a horizontal landmark in the city.

The Energy Concept

The energy necessary for lighting, heating and cooling the Crystal is minimizeed by strategic building massing and extensive daylighting. The mass and location of the Gallery Box and High Roof protect the southern oriented Crystal glazing from direct sunlight. At the same time the reflectivity of the fa?ade material raises natural light levels in the Crystal and reduces the need to power artificial light sources.

The Crystal utilizes microclimate zones as a heating and cooling concept. By eliminating the need to condition the entire air volume in the Crystal, and by focusing the energy used to condition the space in the areas where people are located, operating costs and energy use are significantly reduced.

The floors of the Gallery Box and Crystal are composed of poured in place concrete slabs with water filled tubes that supply heating and cooling by changing temperature state of the massive floor slab. This radiant floor system is more efficient than simple forced air systems because it uses the mass of the concrete as a storage device which delivers a stable continuous source of heating and cooling.

Akron Art Museum

Ohio, USA (2001-2007)