王時(shí)偉：倦勤齋是乾隆審美喜好的濃縮表現(xiàn)

WANG SHIWEI∶Juan Qin Zhai is a condensed expression of Qianlong's aesaesthtic preferences

As the centerpiece of the fourth west-side room, the trompe-l'?il mural represents one of the finest artistic and cultural achievements of the Qing dynasty in its best days. Other imperial sites, such as the former imperial garden Yuanmingyuan and the Jianfu Palace within the Forbidden City, also housed European-style paintings, which were unfortunately destroyed.

倦勤齋“通景畫(huà)”濃縮了大清朝盛世的文化精髓，同時(shí)是西四間建筑布局的重中之重。原本，圓明園和故宮建福宮也有這種帶有歐洲藝術(shù)基因的畫(huà)作，后來(lái)不幸全被銷毀。

WANG SHIWEIChief engineer of the Department of Ming and Qing Dynasty Architecture at the Palace Museum, and head of the Feng Shan Si (Singapore) Conservation Project, which won the Award of Excellence in the 2010 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation王時(shí)偉故宮古建部總工程師，主持新加坡鳳山寺保護(hù)項(xiàng)目并獲聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織亞太區(qū)2010年卓越獎(jiǎng)

Nihao: Will the studio last long after this conservation?

W: It will, theoretically. As the suite is a closed space, we added an air circulation and filtration system to keep out some harmful substances in the air such as dust so that their impact on indoor items can be minimized. We also designed another system to keep the indoor temperature and humidity under vigorous control in an effort to slow down material aging and deformation.

Nihao: How did Qianlong Emperor blend the Jiangnan style of gardening into his garden?

W: Qianlong Emperor drew on the practices of many private classical Chinese gardens in terms of the arrangement of rocks, plants, water and other key elements.

Like other classical Chinese gardens, the Qianlong Garden features winding paths, which lead visitors from one unique vantage point to another. Despite its small size, the Qianlong Garden is a very distinctive imperial garden with its proper layout of architecture and courtyards.

Nihao: 這次倦勤齋修復(fù)完了以后，是否能維持比較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間呢？

王：理論上是的。倦勤齋室內(nèi)做了密封設(shè)計(jì)，我們?cè)谑覂?nèi)加裝了循環(huán)過(guò)濾系統(tǒng)，用以過(guò)濾空氣中的一些有害的物質(zhì)，比如塵埃，使空氣中有害物質(zhì)對(duì)文物的影響就少多了。同時(shí)我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了嚴(yán)格的溫濕度控制系統(tǒng)，延緩材質(zhì)老化、變形。

Nihao: 乾隆是如何將江南園林風(fēng)格融入到乾隆花園里的？

王：乾隆造園的手法借鑒了許多私家園林的做法，比如置山、疊水，置景，融會(huì)貫通地展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)古典造園的幾大原理。在第一個(gè)院，進(jìn)入衍祺門(mén)，滿眼是山亭錯(cuò)落；繞過(guò)山亭以后，視線豁然開(kāi)朗。

在具體的造園置景設(shè)計(jì)方面，乾隆花園講究曲徑通幽，步移景遷，處處見(jiàn)景……到了第三個(gè)院落，園內(nèi)疊滿山石，山上山下以及周圍建筑渾然一體，讓人想起了“獅子林”。雖然乾隆花園是一個(gè)較狹小的、僅10畝地的迷你空間，但建筑與院落的擺放張弛有道，和而不同，是特色鮮明的皇家園林。