孫福街 羅東紅

摘 要：隨著海上油氣田開發(fā)水深和回接距離的增加，深水鉆井、開發(fā)技術和裝備成為制約我國實現(xiàn)南海深水油氣田自主開發(fā)的技術瓶頸，自“十一五”以來863計劃支持了一批深海油氣勘探開發(fā)關鍵技術特別是核心裝備的研究，并取得了一定的進展。但是，由于深海工程和作業(yè)的高投入和高風險特性，使得自主研發(fā)的裝備缺少在海上實際環(huán)境中進行試驗驗證的條件，一定程度上制約了相關技術發(fā)展和裝備國產(chǎn)化的進程。因此，在逐步推進深水鉆井、開發(fā)關鍵技術裝備研制力度的同時，如何使這些自主研發(fā)成果和設備盡快應用到我國南海深水開發(fā)工程中，急需研究適應我國現(xiàn)有條件和政策機制的試驗技術和相關的程序和規(guī)范。因此，該課題的總體任務就是通過廣泛國內外技術調研，梳理國外主要廠家、研究機構和石油公司在深水鉆井、開發(fā)關鍵裝備研制、工業(yè)化應用過程中所開展從室內單元測試、現(xiàn)場集成測試到海上測試過程所建立的試驗技術和試驗程序、試驗認證體系，研究適應于我國現(xiàn)有條件和政策機制的試驗技術和相關的程序和規(guī)范。

關鍵詞：鉆井設備 工程設備 試驗方案 海試

Abstract：With the development of offshore oil and gas field and back depth distance increasing，deepwater drilling，development technology and equipment become the South China Sea deep water oil and gas field technical bottleneck of independent development of the implementation of our country，since the"eleven five"since the 863 plan to support a number of deep-sea oil and gas exploration and development of key technologies especially the core equipment，and have achieved some progress.However，due to the high investment and high risk characteristics of deep sea engineering and operations，the lack of independent research and development of equipment for experiments in the actual sea environment conditions，to some extent，restricted the development of relative technology and equipment localization process.Therefore，step by step，the development of deepwater drilling technology and equipment development efforts at the same time，how to make these independent research achievements and equipment as soon as applied to South China Sea deep-water development projects in China，need to study to test our existing conditions andpolicy mechanisms and related procedures and specifications.Therefore，the task of this issue is through extensive domestic and foreign technology research，combing the main foreign manufacturers，research institutions and companies in deepwater drilling，the development of key equipment development，industrialization in the process of applying the development from the indoor unit testing，integration testing to field testing technology and test procedures，the sea test certification system，research to our country existing conditions and policy mechanism test technology and related procedures and specifications.

Key Words：Drilling equipment；Development equipment；Test plan；Sea trials

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