紀(jì)茜
導(dǎo)讀:譯林版牛津教材課文題材廣泛,體裁多樣。教師在處理不同的課文時(shí)應(yīng)該根據(jù)文本的特點(diǎn)來設(shè)計(jì)不同的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)。本教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)文本為譯林版牛津教材(必修)第三模塊第三單元的閱讀課文Lost Civilizations。課文以日記的形式介紹了Ann在參觀龐貝和樓蘭這兩座城市時(shí)的所見所聞所感。鑒于文本中出現(xiàn)了兩座城市,筆者將教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)的重點(diǎn)放在了“比較”之上。通過四個(gè)比較發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的異同點(diǎn),感受作者的心情,進(jìn)而激發(fā)他們欣賞古代文明,保護(hù)人類智慧結(jié)晶的美好情感。
第一步:話題的導(dǎo)入
本導(dǎo)入包括兩個(gè)部分:激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)內(nèi)容的興趣;討論如何保護(hù)古代的建筑、文化、藝術(shù)等。
教師先用圖片呈現(xiàn)一些中國(guó)古代的輝煌的建筑如長(zhǎng)城,再引導(dǎo)學(xué)生談?wù)勊麄儏⒂^這些建筑時(shí)的感受。
T: Have you ever been to these places? What do you think of the experience there?
S1: I have been to the Great Wall. When I was finally standing on it, I couldnt help wondering how they built the Great Wall on the high mountains without modern technology.
T: Yes. A saying goes that he who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. So you are a true man.
在學(xué)生感嘆于這些古代文明后,教師讓學(xué)生分四人小組討論如何保護(hù)它們。教師在白板上列出學(xué)生的回答:raise peoples awareness / make laws / limit the number of visitors / provide money to restore them
T: Ancient civilizations need to be protected and we didnt want them to become lost civilizations. Now we are going to read diary entries by Ann and know more about lost civilizations.
第二步:比較閱讀之兩個(gè)城市的共同點(diǎn)
龐貝和樓蘭同樣作為失落的文明,必然有一些共同之處。這個(gè)步驟的旨在讓學(xué)生通過快速瀏覽課文,找到他們的共性。
S3: The two cities became lost civilizations long ago.
T: What does lost civilization mean?
S4: They were very developed but dont exist now.
第三步:比較閱讀之兩個(gè)城市不同點(diǎn)
教師從日記題材的特征入手,從三個(gè)不同的方面來比較了樓蘭和龐貝的不同之處。
T: What aspects were usually included in a diary?
Ss: Dates, place names, facts, historical information, personal feelings and opinions
1.比較閱讀之基本的信息。
在學(xué)生完成表格信息后,教師讓學(xué)生試著復(fù)述其中一個(gè)城市的信息。
One example:
On 17 July, I visited Pompeii in Italy. As an ancient city, it was founded in the 8th century BC. On 24 August AD 79, a volcano near the city erupted suddenly and buried the whole city. Later in the 18th century a farmer discovered a stone with writing on it. People started to dig in the area. Thus the city was found.
2.比較閱讀之有趣的信息。
為了讓學(xué)生更好地了解這些有趣的信息,教師通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)找到了圖片,生動(dòng)得呈現(xiàn)了表格中的內(nèi)容。然后讓學(xué)生兩人一組,做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的訪問。
T: Now suppose you are a journalist from China Daily, and your partner is Ann. You are going to interview Ann about the interesting information about two cities. You can begin like this:
3.比較閱讀之個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)和情感。
在比較過兩座城市的異同點(diǎn)之后,日記的特征決定了最后會(huì)有作者的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)和情感,所以接下來的設(shè)計(jì)就是比較作者在參觀這兩座城市時(shí)的感想。
完成表格后,教師設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)free talk環(huán)節(jié),讓學(xué)生說說如果他們?nèi)⒂^了這兩座城市,會(huì)有什么感想。
第四步:課后作業(yè)
通過三個(gè)表格的比較,兩座城市的異同點(diǎn)一目了然,學(xué)生也感受到了Ann參觀時(shí)的心情。作業(yè)之一是借助表格,口頭復(fù)述其中一座城市的故事。曾經(jīng)如此繁榮的兩座城市因?yàn)榛鹕奖l(fā)和沙塵暴已經(jīng)消失不見了,真令人遺憾。我們要保護(hù)好現(xiàn)存的古代文明,不要讓它們?cè)俪蔀閘ost civilizations.另一項(xiàng)作業(yè)就是寫一個(gè)100字左右的短文,主題是關(guān)于如何保護(hù)古代文明的。