王維梓

一、表格信息

A（2015年杭州卷）

The following is a QUIZ（自測(cè)）from a maga-zine：

1.Which of the following makes the leastpollution？

A.Living pretty well in a big city.

B.Flying on planes only twice a year.

C.Almost always recycling used things.

D.Using 15 hours of electricity each clay.

2.How many points does the average person get？

A.7 points.

B.8-10 points.

C.11-13 points.

D.14-15 points.

3.Tom lives in a city，goes to work by sub-way，flies on airplanes once a year，uses 15 hours of electricity a day，and sometimes recycles used things.How many points does he get？

A.11 points.

B.12 points.

C.13 points.

D.14 points.

4.Which of the following would be the best title for the quiz？

A.Where Do You Live？

B.What Do You Recycle？

C.Why Do We Travel？

D.How Green Are You？

1.Yu Wei will meet Ren Xue at the schoolgate____

A.at 8：00，on May 23rd

B.at 8：00，on May 24th

C.at 16：00，on May 23rd

D.at 16：00，on May 24th

2.Tomorrow Yu Wei and Ren Xue will prob-ably____.

A.go hiking

B.go to a party

C.go to movies

D.join the Sunshine Club

3.Which number can Maria call if her MP5 is lost？

A.84676352.

B.87539683.

C.87539682.

D.87058344.

4.Which of the following people is allowed to join the club？

A.A 10-year-old kid.

B.A 14-year-old boy.

C.A 19-year-old student.

D.A 30-year-old parent.

5.When can we go to the club？

A.At 7：00 p.m.on Saturday.

B.At 10：00 p.m.on Saturday.

C.At 7：00 a.m.on Sunday.

D.At 1：00 p.m.every day.

C（2015年聊城卷）

Ice Budket Challenge（冰桶挑戰(zhàn)）！

Come to Know and Help A.L.S.People！

People with A.L.S.（漸凍癥）cannot move，but they can feel your care and love.To know them，you may join our"Ice Bucket Challenge"activity.

It is a very easy way.You can join this activity at Green City Park.What you should do is only to：

l.Fill up a hucket with ice water.

2.Pour（倒）all the ice water over yourself.

3.Tell us l-3 of your friends' names for challeng-ingthem.

After the challenge，you may also give out somemoney to help the A.L.S.people.

This activity is from 11：00 a.m.to 3：00 p.m.every Sunday.

If you want to get more information about this ac-tivity，you can：

Call Mr.Brown at 3688990.

E-mail to Smith8933660@yahoo. com.cn.

Visit Mr.Rlack at No.3.the 5th Avenue.

1.The writer thinks it is____to join the ac-tivity.

A.impossible

B.easy

C.boring

D.difficult

2.What do the people with A.L.S.need to prepare for this activity？

A.Buckets.

B.Their friends' names.

C.Ice water.

D.It isn't mentioned.

3.How often does this activity take place？

A.Once a week.

B.Three times a month.

C.Five times a week.

D.Eleven times a month.

4.What can you do to get more information about this activity？

A.Call Mr.Brown at 3688990.

B.Call Mr.Black at 8933660.

C.Send an email to Mr.Black.

D.Visit Mr.Smith at his office.

5.What is the purpose of the activity？

A.To have fun with others.

B.To save drinking water.

C.To help the A.L.S.people.

D.To sell ice and buckets.

二、哲理故事

A（2015年河南卷）

Once a king got two nicefalcons（獵鷹）from his son.He had never seen such beautiful falcons before.He loved them so much and he orclered the best falconer to Lrain them to fly.

After several months，the king came to see how the training was going.He found that one fal-con had already been able to fly high in the sky，while the other was staying on the branch（樹枝）of a tree quietly，just keeping still.

The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to try every way they could to make the other falcon fly.But none of them suc-ceeded.One day，while the king was taking a walk in the forest，an idea came to his mind.May-be someone who knew the natural environment well could solve this problem.He sent for a farm-er who lived in the forest into his palace to train it at once.

The next morning，the king saw the other fal-con flying above in the sky freely."It is unbeliev-ablel"shouted the king."How could you make it happen？"

The farmer replied，"It's very easy.I just cut off the branch where the falcon rested."

It is always the same to human beings.We all have"two flying wings"in our hearts as well，but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we are just for safety and comfort.We won't realize we can fly so high and freely until the "branch"we are resting on breaks.

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案 。

1.What did the king do after he got two fal-cons？

A.He kept them on the branch of a tree.

B.He sent them to a farmer in the forest.

C.He made the best falconer train th em to fly.

D.He set them free and let them fly in the sky.

2.Why did the king call all his falconers to-gether？

A.Because he wanted to get more falcons.

B.Because he wanted the other falcon to fly.

C.Because he wanted them to see his fal-cons.

D.Because he wanted to know more about falcons.

3.Who finally made the other falcon fly in the sky？

A.The king.

B.The king's son.

C.The farmer.

D.The best falconer.

4.How did the king feel when he saw the other falcon fly freely in the sky？

A.Excited.

B.Moved.

C.Worried.

D.Relaxed.

5.What is the best title for the text'l

A.The Wise King

B.The Nice Falcons

C.The Best Falconer

D.The Flying Wings

B（2015年安徽卷）

Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents.Every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling.

One day，my mother was sewing a quilt（縫被子）.I silently sat beside her.

"Mum，is there love between you and Dad'？"I asked in a very low voice.

With surprise in her eyes，she stopped her work for a while.Then she said，"Susan，look at this thread（線）.It can hardly be seen，but it's really there.It makes the quilt strong.If life is a quilt，love should be a thread.Love is inside."

I couldn't understand her until the next spring.At that time，my father suddenly got sick seriously.My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.

After they were back，my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country road every day.They were so kind to each other and it seemed they were the happiest couple.

After two months my father still couldn't walk by himself.

"Dad，how are you feeling now？"I asked him one day.

"Susan，don't worry about me，"he said."I just like walking with your mum.I like this kind of life."Reading his eyes，I knew he loves my mother deeply.

Now I understand that love is just a thread inthe quilt of our life.Love is inside，making life strong and warm.

l.Why are Susan's parents busy trying to make money？

A.To send Susan to school.

B.To go to see the doctor.

C.To buy a strong quilt.

D.To show their love.

2.Susan's father stayed in hospital for____.

A.one day

B.one month

C.two months

D.three months

3.Susan came to understand her mother

A.while her mother was sewing a quilt

B.before her father was in hospital

C.when she was sitting beside her mother

D.after her father was seriously sick

4.What can we know from the passage？

A.Susan's father is very lazy.

B.Susan's mother is a nurse.

C.Susan's parents love each other.

D.Susan doesn't like her father.

5.Which of the following could be the best title for the passage？

A.How to Make a Quilt Strong

B.Love Is Just a Thread

C.alking on the Country Road

D.A Seriously Sick Father

三、日常生活

A（2015年菏澤卷）

Grandmother's Favorite Doll（玩具娃娃）

A little girl had a doll. She loved it so much that she would treat it with great care.even though her friends would laugh at her for being so careful.

As time passed，the girl grew up，moved houses，became an adult， married，had children，and finally became a lovely little old woman with many grandchildren.

One day，she returned to her hometown，found her original house，and went in.Among hundreds of old things，the now-old little girl found her doll.It was as well looked after as before.She took it home with her and gave it to her granddaughter.Her granddaughter loved it.

Each time the old woman saw her grand-daughter playing with the doll，tears（眼淚）of joy would roll down her cheeks（臉頰）.She was so glad to see now it was in the hands of her grand-daughter.

1.The little girl had a____and she loved it so much.

A.dog

B.doll

C.toy car

D.ball

2.The little girl's friends laughed at her be-cause she____

A.looked so thin and ugly

B.didn't get on well with her friends

C.treated her doll so carefully

D.didn't like to play games with them

3.What does the underlined word"original"mean in the third paragraph？

A.豪華的

B.原來(lái)的

C.新建的

D.木質(zhì)的

4.When the old woman found her doll，

A.it looked old and terrible

B.she threw it away

C.it was as well looked after as before

D.she took it home and kept it herself

5.Whenever she saw her granddaughter play-ing with the doll，she would____.

A.feel very excited and joyful

B.think of her old friends

C.want to buy her granddaughter a new doll

D.wish to go back to her hometown again

B（2015年涼山卷）

Mr.Black's office was only 5 kilometers away from his house，so he could go home to have lunch every day.But when he got home at noon，he had to drive another place to park his car，then walked back home.Because he found many cars outside his house and there was no room for his own car.This made him very angry.

One day，he put up a board in the garden fac-ing the road：

NO PARKING

But nobody noticed it.People seemed to obey only a police notice with white letters on a blue board：

POLICE NOTICE

NO PARKING

Mrs.Black asked her husband to steal a po-lice notice but he was afraid to do so.Then she asked him to make one just like a police notice.Mr.Black said he was not the police and couldn't use the word"police".Several days later，Mr.Black made a blue board with white letters.

POLITE NOTICE

NO PARKING

"Ohl"Mrs.Black said."You told me youweren't going to use the word 'police'，but why do you use it now？ "

"Really？"he asked with a smile."Look againl"

"Oh， Dear！"she started to laugh."You are really clever！ "

1.How far is it from Mr.Black's house to hisoffice？

A.5 miles.

B.5 hours' drive.

C.5，000 meters.

D.Less than 5 kilometers.

2.Mr.Black was angry because____.

A.he lost the way when he drove back home one day

B.his car was broken on his way home one day

C.he had to walk home from his office

D.he found no room to park his car outside his house

3.How many notice boards did Mr.Black make according to the passage？

A.One.

B.Two.

C.Three.

D.None.

4.In the end，Mr.Black made a notice board and it____.

A.said"POLICE NOTICE，NO PARKING"

B.said"NO PARKING"

C.said"POLITE NOTICE，NO PARKING"

D.was different in color from a police notice

5.What would most probably happen after he put up the blue board？

A.Fewer people would park their cars out-side his house because of the blue board.

B.More people would have to park their cars outside his house because of the blue board.

C.He would be punished because he stole the blue board.

D.He couldn't park his car outside his house any more because there was no room for his car.

C（2015年濱州卷）

Sixteen years ago a boy gave me an important gift.It was a smile.

It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school，and my old school was far away.As a result，no one knew who I was.I was very lonely，and afraid to speak to anyone.

Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing，I felt my heart break.I couldn't talk with anyone about my problems.

Then one day，when my classmates were talk-ing happily with their friends，I was sitting at my desk unhappily as usual.At that moment，a boy entered the classroom.I didn't know who he was.He passed by me and then turned back.He looked at me，with a smile.

Suddenly，I felt the touch of something brightand friendly.It made me feel happy and warm.That smile changed my life.I started to talk with other students and made friends.Day by day，I be-came closer to everyone in my class.The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now.

One day I asked him why he had smiled，but he couldn't remember doing so！

It doesn't matter because all the dark days have gone.I believe that the world is what you think it is.If you think it is lonely，you might al-ways be alone.So smile at the world and it will smile back.

1.When did the writer get the gift？

A.At the age of 16.

B.After making friends with the boy.

C.In the first year at a middle school.

D.After becoming closer to everyone in the class.

2.Why was the smile an important gift？

A.Because the writer's old school was far away.

B.Because the writer didn't know who the boy was.

C.Because the smile didn't mean anything to the boy.

D.Because the writer felt lonely and had no friends and it made her feel happy and warm.

3.Why didn't the writer talk to anyone in her new school about her problems？

A.Because she was always unhappy.

B.Because she didn't know anyone at the time.

C.Because she was in the first year at the ju-nior high school.

D.Because she didn' t want her parents to worry about her.

4.How did the smile change her life？

A.She started to make friends.

B.She became the best friend of the boy.

C.Her parents didn't worry about her any more.

D.She realized that she was lonely.

5.Where does she now think her feeling of unhappiness came from？

A.From her old school.

B.From her parents.

C.From herself.

D.From her classmates at the new school.

四、名人故事

A（2015年湖州卷）

Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese histo-ry？Many people would say：Confucius（孔子）.September 28 is his birthday.He was born over 2，000 years ago，but people still remember him on this day.

Confucius lived in the kingdom of Lu，part of today's Shandong Province.He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period.His childhood was sad.His father died when he was only 3 and he had to work to help his mother.But young Confu-cius didn't give up studying.He visited many fa- mous teachers and learned music，history，poetry and sports.

Later，he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history.At chat time only children from rich families could go to school，but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn.He had about 3，000 students in his lifetime.

Today，people still follow Confucius' lessons.He told us that everyone has something worthy to learn and to teach."When I am with three people，one of them must be better than me in some areas. I select their good qualities and follow them.I take their bad qualities and change them in my-self."He also taught us，"All study but no think- ing makes people puzzled（困惑的）.All thinking but no study makes people lazy."

Confucius is not only a great teacher，but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teach-ings are about kindness and good manners."A kind person should care for others.Be strict with yourself，but be kind to others."he said.

1.Confucius started the first public school so that____

A.he could find himself a job as a teacher

B.children could learn at school rather than at home

C.he wanted to be the first teacher in Chi-nese history

D.children from poor families could go toschool as well

2.Confucius not only gave lessons but also

A.encouraged people to be strict

B.provided students with puzzles

C.advised people to behave well

D.taught students how to make friends

3.According to the passage，what can we learn from Confucius？

A.Thinking is very important in study.

B.We can learn everything from others.

C.We should always care for ourselves.

D.Learning music and sports is popular.

4.Which is the best title for this story？

A.Confucius' teaching methods.

B.A great man with hard childhood.

C.A person who changed Chinese history.

D.Confucius-A great teacher and thinker.

B（2015年廣州卷）

On March 3，1887，the lives of two amazing women were changed forever when Anne Sulli-van，a poor university graduate，arrived at the home of the wealthy Keller family to teach their six-year-old daughter Helen.It was a difficult job as Helen was unable to see，hear or speak be- cause of illness.

Anne had been suggested to the Kellers by her university professor，a close friend of Mr.Keller.Before she arrived，Anne expected her new pupil to be a quiet，weak child.But Helen was noth-ing like that.When Anne first walked through the Kellers' door，the energetic Helen nearly knocked her over in her hurry to feel Anne's face，clothing and bag.

Helen was used to visitors bringing her sweets，and angrily tried to force open Anne's case to take her candy.But Anne calmed her down by allowing Helen to play with her watch.So began one of the most successful student-teacher rela-tionships in history.

Anne Sullivan was only twenty years old when she began teaching Helen.She had to not only teach the child all the usual school subjects，but also control Helen's sometimes wild behav-iour.

Her well-meaning parents allowed Helen to do as she liked at home.Realizing that such an environment was unsuitable for learning，Anne re-quested that she and Helen live in a small house nearby.

As soon as Helen began learning，it became clear that she was especially intelligent.She quickly learned to read and write，and by the age of ten she could also speak.

In 1900，Helen started studying at Radcliffe University，and graduated first in her class in 1904.She was the very first blind and deaf person to get a university degree.How did she do it？Anne Sullivan read all of Helen's books and then signed the information into her hand.Anne re-mained at Helen's side until her death in 1936.Helen became a world-famous writer，and fought for disabled people's rights until her death on Jun l，1968.

1.How did Anne come to work at the Kellers' home？

A.She replied to a job advertisement.

B.She was introduced by her family friend.

C.She was recommended by her university professor.

D.She met Mr.Keller while studying at uni-versity.

2.What surprised Anne most about Helen when they first met？

A.How intelligent Helen was.

B.Helen gave Anne a gift.

C.The way Helen's parents treated her.

D.How forceful Helen was.

3.According to the passage，Helen's parents____

A.allowed her to do as she wished

B.gave her too many gifts and sweets

C.did not spend much time with her

D.cared little about her education

4.Which of the following is NOT true about Helen's university studies？

A.She was greatly helped by Anne.

B.She was the best student in her class.

C.She was able to graduate in three years.

D.She was the first deaf and blind university graduate.

5.According to the passage，both Anne andHelen____.

A. died in their 60s

B.were well educated

C.came from rich families

D.fought for human rights

C（2015年濱州卷）

A short Chinese man is one of the biggest men in the world right now.He is Jack Ma（Ma Yun），the Chairman（董事局主席）of Alibaba Group.On Sept.19，2014，Alibaba went pubLic（上市）and raised $25 billion（十億）.Ma，a former English teacher，has become the richest man in China.

Born in 1964 in Hangzhou，Zhejiang，Ma grew up as a happy kid.When he was a teenager，he wanted to learn English.Every morning，he got up at 5 a.m.，rode his bike for 40 minutes to a hotel near the West Lake and talked with foreign tourists in English.He did it for nine years，rainor shine.

The experience made him an excellent Eng-lish speaker and also opened his eyes to the out-side world. In 1994，Ma Yun heard about the In-ternet.And on a 1995 trip to the US，Ma was shown the Internet for the first time.He searched the word"beer"on Yahoo，and found that there was nothing there about China.Seeing the chance，Ma returned to China and set up a website called China Pages without even knowing much about computers.

Four years later，Ma，his wife and his friends set up Alibaba in Hangzhou.He believed in the Internet business potential（潛力）when few other Chinese did.15 years later，Alibaba has devel-oped into the world's largest e-commerce company（電子商務(wù)公司），owning popular shopping web-sites like Taobao and Tmall.

1.The underlined word"it"in the second paragraph refers to（指的是）________.

A.riding a bike

B.teaching English

C.playing on computers

D.practicing English with foreigners

2.In 1995，Ma Yun was shown____for the first time in the US.

A.beer on Yahoo

B.the Internet

C.Chinese Pages

D.e-commerce

3.Alibaba was set up in the year____

A.1994

B.1995

C.1999

D.2004

4.Which of the following is NOT true ac-cording to the passage？

A.The first website Ma Yun set up was Tao-bao.

B.Alibaba raised a lot of money after it wentpublic.

C.Ma Yun began to learn English when he was a teenager.

D.Ma Yun believed the Internet business would have a bright future.

5.What does the passage mainly tell us？

A.How Ma Yun made history.

B.The history of Alibaba Group.

C.How Ma Yun learned English.

D.The development of e-commerce in China.

D（2015年萊蕪卷）

In 2015，on a TV show I Am，a Singer 3，Li Jian became the most popular one，because he has great singing ability and sense of humor.Li has a smooth voice.His songs can really touch the listeners.People even give him the nickname"Poetic Musician"because of his poetic lyrics.

Li was born in Harbin in 1974.He showed great talent for music from an early age.He learned to play the guitar by himself.Later，he be-came a good guitarist and won the first prize in a national competition."In my younger days，guitar was like my best friend." Li said.

Though he studied electronic engineering in Tsinghua University，he never gave up music.Then in March 2001，Li formed a group called Shuimu Nianhua with his friend.Later，Li didn't agree to change their musical style.So the pair went their separate（分離）ways next year.

Unlike some other musicians，Li does very few interviews or concerts.He spends more time writing songs.“Writing songs is ike collectin water in a cup ，When the sup is full.the water will come out naturally."he said.

Li Jian gets the nickname"Poetic Musi-cian"because of____.

A.his poetic lyrics

B.his singing ability

C.his smooth voice

D.his sense of humor

2.Li Jian was good at____when he was young.

A.playing the violin

B.playing the guitar

C.singing Beijing Opera

D.making model planes

3.Li Jian formed Shuimu Nianhua at the ageof____.

A.27

B.28

C.40

D.41

4.Li Jian left Shuimu Nianhua because

A.he would form a new band

B.he had few chances to give concerts

C.he had too much pressure in university

D.he refused to change their musical style

5.The underlined part in Paragraph 4 sug-gests （暗示）that____

A.Li Jian is tired of writing songs

B.Li Jian likes collecting water in a cup

C.Li Jian spends more time writing heartfelt music

D.Li Jian will give more interviews or con-certs in the future

五、科普文化

A（2015年泰安卷）

On school nights，lots of kids have to do their reading before they are allowed to watch TV.Pret-ty soon，you might get to do both at the same time，in true Harry Potter Style.

Several companies are racing to produce electronic paper and ink，complete with colors and moving images（圖像）.One idea would be tocreate a newspaper like The Daily Prophet in the Harry Potter books.Its pages would hold video clips of baseball games instead of just black-and-white photos.

Electronic paper is not a new idea.A compa-ny in Massachusetts called E Ink，for example，has been working for years on such a technology.Little electricity determin.es（決定）whether each microsphere（微球）looks black or white at any given time.Together，microspheres make up words and images.The technique seems promising for creating still images that can be changed when needed，but the process（進(jìn)程）is too slow for good videos.

Scientists in the Netherlands now report a new type of e-paper technology.By using layers（層）of oil，the researchers say that they can make images which change fast enough to meet stan-dard video requirements.They can also make bril-liant colors.So far，however，each image is small-er than the fingernail.

For now，reading and watching TV will have to remain two separate activities.Keep your eyes open，though.In the future，TV watching and read-ing might be part of the same work.

1.According to the passage，kids soon can____

A.be allowed to watch TV

B.watch TV while doing their homework

C.watch Harry Potter on TV

D.be allowed to read a newspaper

2.Several companies are racing to____.

A.make the Harry Potter TV program

B.create a newspaper like The Daily Prophet

C.provide baseball games for kids

D.produce electronic paper with colors and moving images

3.What determines the black and white col-or of each microsphere？

A.Images.

B.Electricity.

C.Oil and ink.

D.Fingernail.

4.Which of the following is NOT true？

A.Electronic paper is not a new idea.

B.Microspheres make up words and images.

C.Now TV watching and reading is part of the same work.

D.Scientists use layers of oil in a new re-search.

5.From the last paragraph we know that

A.scientists are still working on the newtechnology

B.kids love to read while watching TV

C.parents may be against this new idea

D.teachers may not teach students any more

B（2015年濰坊卷）

Have you ever thought of why dogs are hu-man's best friends？What's the bond（緊密關(guān)系）between human and dogs？A new study by Japa-nese scientist Miho Nagasawa seems to have found the answer，and it has to do with something named the cuddle（擁抱）chemical.

The cuddle chemical has another，more scien-tific name oxytocin（催產(chǎn)素）.Oxytocin is some-thing in the blood that encourages bonding.Levels of oxytocin increase，for example，when a mother feeds her newborn baby.According to Nagasawa's study，levels of oxytocin can also go up when we look deeply into the eyes of a dog.

Humans and dogs have been working togeth-er for nearly 30，000 years.In order to better un-derstand how the cuddle chemical worked be-tween dogs and humans，Nagasawa and his team did an experiment.They tested levels of oxytocin in dogs and humans，and then put them in a room to interact（交流）with each other.While in the room，the humans pet the dogs，spoke to the dogs，and looked into the dogs' eyes.Then the scientiststested their levels of oxytocin again.

The researchers found that levels of oxytocin were higher in both humans and dogs after they in-teracted. However，levels were the highest in the humans and dogs that simply looked into each others' eyes，without touch petting or talking.The longer the humans looked into the eyes of the dogs，the more cuddle chemical was let out.Naga-sawa did the same experiment with humans and woLves（狼），but it did not give the same results.

1.The underlined word"it"in Paragraph 1refers to____.

A.something

B.the answer

C.a new study

D.the cuddle chemical

2.Nagasawa did the experiment of humansand dogs to know____

A.how oxytocin worked

B.how oxytocin was divided

C.how they helped each other

D.how they interacted with each other

3.Oxytocin levels reached the highest in thehumans and dogs____

A.when they looked into each other's eyes

B.when they talked with each other

C.if the dogs cuddled the humans

D.if the humans pet the dogs

4.What can we infer（推斷）from the last sentence of the text？

A.More experiments are expected to help wolves produce oxytocin.

B.The cuddle chemical in human blood pro-tects us against wolves.

C.It makes sense that humans and wolves are naturally best friends.

D.It's generally impossible to have the bond between humans and wolves.

C（2015年衢州卷）

Every country has its own way of saying things-its own special expressions.Many every-day American expressions are based on colours.Today our program is all about colours.

Red is a hot colour. Americans often use it to express heat.They may say they are"red hot" about something unfair.When they are"red hot"，they are very angry about something.Fast，loud music is popular with many people.They may say the music is"red hot".

Pink is a lighter kind of red.People some-times say they are"in the pink"when they are in good health.It probably comes from the fact that many babies are born with a nice pink colour that shows they are in good health.

Blue is a cool color.The traditional blues music in the United States is the opposite of red hot music.Blues is slow and sad.Someone who is blue is very sad.

The colour green is natural for trees and grass.But jt is an unnatural colour for humans.A person who has a sick-feeling stomach may say she feels"a little green".A passenger on a boat who feels sick may look very green.

Sometimes a person may be unhappy be-cause he does not have something as nice as a friend does，like a fast new car.That person may say he is"green with envy（妒忌）".Some people are green with envy because a friend has more dol-lars or greenbacks.Dollars are called"green-backs"because that is the colour of the back side of the paper money.

The color black is used often in expressions.People describe a day in which everything goeswrong as"a black day".And at one time，some companies refused to employ（雇傭）the people on the"blacklist"，because they belonged to（屬于）unpopular organizations.

1.If a person is"in the pink"，we know he/she is____.

A.angry

B.sad

C.sick

D.healthy

2.The underlined word"it"in Paragraph 5refers to____

A.the grass

B.the tree

C.the colour green

D. the colour blue

3.It was raining hard and John's car broke down on his way home. So we can say“____”.

A.He was'green with envy'.

B.He had'a black day'.

C.He felt'a little green'.

D.He was on the'blacklist'.

4.This passage is probably in the part of____in a radio program.

A.science

B.health

C.culture

D.music

D（2015年河南卷）

There is little doubt that house cats first de-veloped naturally from ancient wild cats.The clos-est relative is the African wild cat which still lives in Africa today.This is understandable because the first house cats came from Africa.

Cats first started to live around people in Egypt about 6.000-7，000 years ago.From Egypt，cats started to move around the world.This is about the same time that Egyptians began storing grain（谷物）in buildings.Scientists used to be-lieve that people tamed cats to catch mice and protect the grain.However，cats don't like to be told what to do！Now，scientists believe that cats followed the mice and learned to accept people.Finally，some of the cats began to grow comfort-able around people.These were smaller cats that needed protection.As these cats and people got used to each other，then they moved in together.Around 5，000 years ago，cats started to live with people.

Soon cats were in Greece，then the Middle East and China.They moved along Egyptian busi-ness roads keeping away mice and keeping peo-ple around them.After the Romans came to Egypt，they also accepted the cats and brought them to Europe.These cats likely bred（繁殖）with other cats to form the many kinds of house cats we have today.

Cats are relatively recent house animals.House cats still have a lot in common with their wild relatives.Cats sleep a lot to save energy just like wild cats.They will often get food at night as well.House cats are generally peaceful and friend-ly，but be careful！If a cat feels it is in the danger，it will fight back-just like a wild cat！

1.Where did the first house cats come from？

A.Asia.

B.Africa.

C.Europe.

D.America.

2.When did cats start to live with people？

A.About 4，000 years ago.

B.About 5，000 years ago.

C.About 6，000 years ago.

D.About 7，000 years ago.

3.According to the text，which of the follow-ing is TRUE？

A.Cats started to move around the worldfrom China.

B.Cats get food at night to save energy likewild cats.

C.Cats have a little in common with theirwild relatives.

D.Cats were accepted and brought to Eu-rope by Romans.

4.What does the underlined word"tamed"mean in Chinese？

A.驅(qū)散

B.捕捉

C.馴化

D.引進(jìn)

5.What does the text mainly talk about？

A.The development of house cats.

B.Different cats in different countries.

C.The relationship between cats and people.

D.The differences between house cats andwild cats.

六、環(huán)保健康

A（2015年新疆卷）

How green are you？Do you know how to be green？

We all need a healthy environment，but we produce waste every day and it's harmful to our environment.Though we are young，we can still do something to help.Here are some ideas for you.

Reduce

Reduce means"use less".Don't waste things.This saves money and reduces pollution.Before we buy something new，think whether it is really necessary-or maybe the old one is still useful.

Reuse

Reuse means"use again".When we buy things，make sure that they can ast a long time.When something is broken，we should repair it in-stead of throwing it away and buying a new one.Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag.It's better to use a china（瓷）cup and a lunch box because you can use them again.

Recycle

Recycle means"change things into some-thing else".Though it takes energy to change something into something else，it's better than throwing things away or burning them.

So please remember these words：reduce，re-use and recycle.

1.What is the passage about？

A.How to produce things.

B.How to burn things.

C.How to be green.

D.How to help others.

2.Which of the following is right？

A.Always throw away old things.

B.Don't waste things.

C.Always buy new things.

D.Never buy new things.

3.The underlined word"Iast"means"____"

A.中斷

B.持續(xù)

C.終止

D.湊合

4.It is better to use a china cup and a lunch box because we can____them.

A.reuse

B.reduce

C.repair

D.recycle

5.The passage may come from a____.

A.menu

B.dictionary

C.storybook

D.magazine

B（2015年銅仁卷）

In China，safety education is becoming more and more important now.The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school.It helps students learn more about what they should do to keep themselves safe.What are the accidents at school？Take a look.

Stampedes（踩踏），earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school.

A stampede always happens in crowded places.When students around you begin to push，just stand there and try to hold onto something.If you fall down in the crowd，move to one side and protect your head with your hands around.

When earthquakes happen， you can get un-der a desk quickly and hold on.It'll protect you from faUing things.If you are outdoors，find a place away from buildings，trees，and power lines.

When there's a fire，leave the classroom quickly.It's better to put something wet over your mouth and nose.In this way，you won't breathe in smoke.Many people die in a fire，not because of the fire but smoke.It makes them cough and they can't breathe.That's very dangerous！So when you want to get out，you should make yourself close to the floor.Then you can breathe some fresh air.

1.Stampedes，earthquakes and fires are themain accidents____

A.at school

B.at home

C.on the farm

D.in the open air

2.A stampede always happens in____places.

A.busy

B.dirty

C.crowded

D.clean

3.When earthquakes happen，you can get____a desk quickly and hold on.

A.on

B.under

C.near

D.behind

4.Which of the following sentences is Right？

A.When there's a fire， don't leave the class-room quickly.

B.Many people die in a fire， not because of the fire but smoke.

C.When you want to get out of it，you shouldn't make yourself close to the floor.

D.It's better to put something dry over your mouth and nose.

5.What's the best title（標(biāo)題）for the article？

A.Health Education

B.Manners Education

C.Habits Education

D.Safety Education

C（2015年廣東卷）

It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China.Such a thing can be found almost every day al-though it is against international laws.Last month Hong Kong officers found 131，000 kilograms of broken computers，TVs and phones sent from Ja-pan.

Things like these are called electronic waste，or e-waste.Dealing with them is not an easy job because dangerous poisons like mercury（汞）and lead（鉛）can be found in them.Every time an old computer breaks down，it needs to be dealt with safely.But at present，broken computer parts are usually buried.It may be hundreds of years be-fore they are really gone in the earth.

Many places in China are polluted by e-waste.Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them.This town is named as"the e-waste capital of the world".It has to deal with l.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year，from which it makes 75 mil-lion yuan.But it comes at a cost.Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way into the environ-ment.Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers.Greenpeace，an envi-ronmental group，has found the air，the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.

The Chinese government wants the country to develop，but in a way that doesn't do harm to the environment and people's life.This year，China passed a new environmental protection law，the strictest one we have ever had.Computer com-panies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers.This is because the companies that make computers know best how to deal with them safely.Hopefully，the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future.

1.The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from____

A.France

B.Japan

C.Germany

D.Australia

2.The underlined word"buried"probably means____in the passage.

A.焚燒

B.降解

C.回收

D.掩埋

3.The town of Guiyu in Cuangdong Province____

A.is the e-capital of the world

B.has serious e-waste pollution

C.deals with the e-waste safely

D.spends much money on e-waste

4.This year，the Chinese government____.

A.tried to change people's life

B.closed some computer companies

C.made a new environmental protection law

D.asked people to hand in their old comput-ers

5.The passage is mainly about____.

A.the ways to deal with e-waste

B.the cost of burning e-waste

C.the e-waste problem in China

D.the need to pass a law against e-waste

七、風(fēng)俗禮儀

A（2015年自貢卷）

Different countries have different ideas about manners-how you behave when you are eating.In England，table manners are important.Good table manners in England are as follows：

How to sit：You should sit up straight in your chair.It is not a good idea to lean（傾斜）forwards or backwards.When you eat，you should not lean towards the plate，but bring the knife，fork or spoon towards you.At the same time，do not put your elbow on the table，nor reach over someone's plate for something.

Using your finger：English people normally don't pick food up with their fingers when they are eating main courses.If you are not sure，the safest is to use your knife or fork.There are，how-ever，some foods that are usually eaten with fin-gers.They include pizza，sandwiches，burgers，crisps and fruits.

Your mouth：It is not polite to talk with your mouth full of food，or to eat with your mouth open.And if possible，do not make any noises.Never liclc（舔）your plate after eating.

How much to eat：It is possible to eat food that you have been offered，so a clear plate is a good plate.It shows that you enjoyed the food.If you can't finish everything and you need to leave a little，that's also okay.You could say something like"That was very nice，thank you，but I'm just too full to eat another bite."

1.How should you sit when you are eating in England？

A.YOu should lean backwards.

B.You should lean forwards.

C.You should sit up straight in your chair.

2.What food do Englishmen eat with their fingers？

A.Beef.

B.Pizza.

C.Juice.

3. What is a good table manner in England？

A.Reach over someone's plate for something.

B.Lick your plate after eating.

C.Eat an orange with fingers.

4.What can we infer（推斷）according to the passage？

A.Eating with the mouth closed is a good manner.

B.We mustn't leave anything on the plate any time.

C.Saying sorry means we are full.

5.What does the passage mainly talk about？

A.The differences between England and China.

B.Good table manners in England.

C.The importance of table manners.

參考答案與解析：

一、圖表類閱讀理解

A（2015年杭州卷）

【主旨大意】本文是一篇表格閱讀，主要分析生活中的污染指數(shù)。

1.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：下面哪一項(xiàng)能帶來(lái)最少的污染？A項(xiàng)“在大城市舒適地生活”；B項(xiàng)“一年只坐兩次飛機(jī)”；C項(xiàng)“幾乎總是循環(huán)使用舊東西”；D項(xiàng)“每天用電15個(gè)小時(shí)”。從第一個(gè)表格可以看出，生活在大城市和每天用15個(gè)小時(shí)的電帶來(lái)的污染指數(shù)是3分；每年坐兩次飛機(jī)帶來(lái)污染指數(shù)是2分；循環(huán)使用舊東西的污染指數(shù)是1分。故選C。

2.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格的第三行“As much pollution as the average person”可知，人均污染指數(shù)是8-10分，故選B。

3.B。數(shù)字計(jì)算題。對(duì)照第一個(gè)表格可知：住在城里是3分；坐地鐵上班是2分；每年坐一次飛機(jī)是1分；每天用15小時(shí)的電是3分；有時(shí)循環(huán)利用1日東西是3分。3+2+1+3+3=12，故選B。

4.D。標(biāo)題歸納題。本文的主題是“節(jié)能減排，綠色環(huán)?！?。故選D。

B（2015年南充卷）

【主旨大意】本文介紹了一則電話留言、一則招領(lǐng)啟事和一則招聘啟事。

1.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由A Telephone Mes-sage中的“…and ride a bike to meet her at the school gate at 8：00 tomorrow.”可知，電話留言日期是5月23日，他們相約第二天8點(diǎn)見面，由此可知所約時(shí)間是5月24日上午8點(diǎn)。故選B。

2.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由A Telephone Mes-sage中的“…you must put on your sports shoes，your hat and sunglasses，bring some food and drinks，and ride a bike...”可知，他們要騎自行車出去郊游。

3.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Found中的“Please call 87058344 or come to Class l，Grade 9 to getit”可知選D。

4.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Sunshine Club中的“FROM 12 T0 18 YEARS OLD”可知，只有12到18歲的人能參加。只有B選項(xiàng)在這個(gè)范圍內(nèi)，故選B。

5.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Sunshine Club中的“Every Saturday 6：30 a.m.-9：30 p.m.”可知，俱樂(lè)部開放時(shí)間是在每周六上午6：30至晚上9：30。故選A。

C（2015年聊城卷）

【主旨大意】本文是一篇廣告，主要描述了冰桶挑戰(zhàn)的意義、參與方式、活動(dòng)時(shí)間和組織者的聯(lián)系方式等內(nèi)容。

1.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段開頭“It is a very easy way.”可知，參加這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)是容易的，故選B。

2.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀文章可知“冰桶挑戰(zhàn)”是體驗(yàn)漸凍癥的感受，并為漸凍癥患者捐款的活動(dòng)。文章中并沒(méi)提到漸凍癥患者要準(zhǔn)備什么，故選D。

3.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的“This activity is from 11：00 a.m.to 3：00 p.m.every Sun-day.”可知，這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)每周舉辦一次，故選A。

4.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后提供的三種聯(lián)系方式中的“Call Mr.Brown at 3688990.”可知選A。

5.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的“After the challenge，you may also give out some money to help the A.L.S.people.”可知，這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的目的是幫助漸凍癥患者，故選C。

二、哲理故事

A（2015年河南卷）

【主旨大意】一只獵鷹愿意在天空中自由地飛翔，而另一只獵鷹只有在農(nóng)民砍掉樹枝后，才展開翅膀飛翔。這個(gè)故事告訴人們：人人心中都有“一雙飛翔的翅膀”，不要等到失去舒適的環(huán)境以后才會(huì)想到往高處飛。

1.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“He loved them so much and he ordered the best falconer to train them to fly.”可知，國(guó)王抓到獵鷹后讓最優(yōu)秀的養(yǎng)鷹者去訓(xùn)練這兩只鷹飛翔。故選C。

2.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第一句“The king called all his falconers together and ordered them to try every way they could to make the other falcon fly?！笨芍?，國(guó)王召集養(yǎng)鷹者的目的是想讓他們訓(xùn)練另外一只獵鷹飛翔。故選B。

3.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段可知，國(guó)王看到那只獵鷹在空中飛翔，就問(wèn)農(nóng)民“How could you make it happen？”，由此推斷是這位農(nóng)民使獵鷹學(xué)會(huì)飛翔的。故選C。

4.A。根據(jù)文章第四段可知，在國(guó)王看到那只獵鷹在空中飛翔時(shí)大叫“It is unbelievable！”，由此可推斷，國(guó)王此時(shí)的心情很激動(dòng)。故選A。

5.D。主旨大意題。本文主要通過(guò)講述兩只獵鷹，一只愿意在空中自由地飛翔，而另一只獵鷹只有在農(nóng)民砍掉樹枝后才展開翅膀飛翔的故事，告訴人們：每人都有“一雙飛翔的翅膀”，不要等到失去舒適的環(huán)境以后才會(huì)想到往高處飛。故選D。

B（2015年安徽卷）

【主旨大意】“我”總以為父母只知道忙于為“我”掙錢交學(xué)費(fèi)，對(duì)父母之間是否有真愛產(chǎn)生懷疑。“愛就像縫被子時(shí)用的一根線。愛就在生活里面，使生活變得堅(jiān)固而溫暖。”媽媽的一席話使“我”茅塞頓開，對(duì)愛有了新的理解。

1.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling.”可知，父母每天忙于賺錢是為了讓蘇珊上學(xué)。故選A。

2.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“…my mother have to stay with him in the hospital for a month.”可知，蘇珊的爸爸在醫(yī)院呆了一個(gè)月。故選B。

3.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“I couldn't understand her until the next spring.At that time，my father got sick seriously.”可知，在她父親患重病住院時(shí)，她逐漸理解了母親的話。故選D。

4.C。推理判斷題。蘇珊在父親生病期間理解了父母親之間的愛。由此可推知，蘇珊的父母彼此相愛。故選C。

5.B。主旨大意題。愛就像被子里面的一根線，愛隱藏在里面，使生活更加穩(wěn)固和溫暖。由此可知，“愛是一條線”最符合文義。故選B。

三、日常生活

A（2015年菏澤卷）

【主旨大意】本文講述了一個(gè)小女孩有一個(gè)玩具娃娃，并且一直認(rèn)真照顧這個(gè)娃娃，等她長(zhǎng)大，老了，她把玩具娃娃送給了自己的孫女。

1.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章開頭“A little girl had a doll. She loved it so much.”可知，小女孩有一個(gè)玩具娃娃而且很愛這個(gè)娃娃。故選B。

2.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章開頭“…she would treat it with great care，even though her friends would laugh at her for being so careful.”可知，朋友們嘲笑她是因?yàn)樗龑?duì)一個(gè)玩具娃娃照顧得過(guò)分周到。故選C。

3.B。猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)文章可知，小女孩后來(lái)變成了一個(gè)老婦人。有一天，她回到家鄉(xiāng)，找到了她兒時(shí)住的房子。由此可知，original的意思為“原來(lái)的”。故選B。

4.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“It was as well looked after as before.”可知，玩具娃娃保存得很好，看起來(lái)跟原來(lái)的一樣。故選C。

5.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Each time the old woman saw her granddaughter playing with the doll，tears of joy would roll down her cheeks.”可知，每當(dāng)她看到孫女跟玩具娃娃一起玩時(shí)，就會(huì)流下幸福的淚水。故選A。

B（2015年涼山卷）

【主旨大意】本文記述了聰明的布萊克先生因?yàn)橹形缁丶页晕顼垱](méi)有停車位，于是寫了一個(gè)“NO PARKING”的牌子掛在家門口?？墒菦](méi)人注意，可是他又不能寫“POLICE NOTICE，NO PARKING”的提示牌。最后他想出一招，寫了一個(gè)“POLITE NOTICE，NO PARKING”的提示牌，最終解決了停車問(wèn)題。

1.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的第一句可知，布萊克先生的辦公室距離他家只有5公里。故選D。

2.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段倒數(shù)第二句可知，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)他家外面沒(méi)有他自己可以停車的位置，這使他很生氣。故選D。

3.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章可知，第一個(gè)是“禁止停車”，第二個(gè)是“禮貌提示，禁止停車”。故選B。

4.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段最后一句可知“布萊克先生做了一個(gè)藍(lán)底白字的提示板，上面寫著：“禮貌提示，禁止停車?！惫蔬xC。

5.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，警方提示牌和布萊克先生的提示牌只有一個(gè)字母的差別，特別容易混淆，故很少有人將會(huì)在此停車。故選A。

C（2015年濱州卷）

【主旨大意】本文通過(guò)介紹作者在中學(xué)時(shí)代，一位同學(xué)無(wú)意間的“微笑”改變了她的一生的故事，說(shuō)明了微笑的重要性。

1.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的第一句“It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school…（中學(xué)第一年的早秋時(shí)節(jié)）”可知，選C。

2.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的第三句和第五段的第二句可知，選D。

3.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的第二句“…no one knew who I was.”可知，選B。

4.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第五段的第四句“I started to talk with other students and madefriends.”可知，我開始和其他同學(xué)說(shuō)話并成為朋友。選A。

5.C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文的最后兩句可知，如果你認(rèn)為自己是孤獨(dú)的，你可能總是孤獨(dú)。所以對(duì)著世界微笑，世界也會(huì)對(duì)著你微笑。作者的感受源于自己的親身經(jīng)歷，故選C。

四、名人故事

A（2015年湖州卷）

【主旨大意】本文描述了我國(guó)偉大的教育家和思想家——孔子的生平事跡。盡管孑L子生活在兩千多年前的春秋時(shí)期，但他的教育思想至今仍在中國(guó)，甚至全世界具有廣泛的影響。

1.D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第三段中的“…h(huán)e became a teacher and started the first pub-lic school…only children from rich families could go to school.”，以及“…but Confucius be-lieved everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn.”，因此推斷他創(chuàng)立學(xué)校的目的是讓窮人家的孩子也能上學(xué)。故選D。

2.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的第二句可知，他最重要的教育成就是“仁”和“禮”，故選C。

3.A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段末尾的“All study but no thinking makes people puzzled（困惑的）.A1l thinking but no study makes people lazy.”可知，“學(xué)而不思則罔，思而不學(xué)則殆”，可見思考在學(xué)習(xí)中的重要性，故A項(xiàng)是正確的；根據(jù)短文第四段的第二句“He told us that everyone has something worthy to learn and to teach.”可知，每個(gè)人身上都有值得學(xué)習(xí)的東西，并非學(xué)到一切，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；文章末尾孔子的原話“Be strict with yourself，but be kind to others.”可知，對(duì)自己要求嚴(yán)格，但是對(duì)別人和善，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)在短文中根本沒(méi)提到。

4.D。主旨大意題。本文主要講述了孔子的生平事跡，還有他的偉大貢獻(xiàn)，由此可知D項(xiàng)“孔子——一位偉大的教育家和思想家”符合題意。

B（2015年廣州卷）

【主旨大意】本文主要講了海倫·凱勒和她的家庭教師安妮·莎莉文的故事。海倫在她的老師的幫助下，逐漸獲得了許多杰出的成就，

1.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Anne had been suggested to the Kellers by her university professor.”可知，安妮是被她的大學(xué)教授推薦去的。故選C。

2.D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“…and angrily tried to force open Anne's case to take her candy.”可知，海倫是強(qiáng)壯的。故選D。

3.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Her well-meaning parents allowed Helen to do as she liked at home.”可知，海倫的父母允許海倫做她想做的事情。故選A.

4.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題=根據(jù)文章最后一段“In 1990，Helen started studying at Ramliffe Univer-sity，and graduated first in her class in 1904.”可知，海倫念了四年大學(xué)，故C項(xiàng)中說(shuō)“她三年后大學(xué)畢業(yè)”是不對(duì)的。故選C。

5.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章可知，1887年，安妮第一次見海倫時(shí)，海倫6歲，安妮20歲，安妮在1936年去世，海倫在1968年去世，通過(guò)計(jì)算可知，安妮在69歲去世，海倫在87歲去世，因此A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；她們都上過(guò)大學(xué)，受過(guò)高等教育，因此B項(xiàng)正確；文章第一句講到安妮來(lái)自貧窮家庭，海倫出生于富裕家庭，因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；為人權(quán)做斗爭(zhēng)的是海倫，安妮只是她的老師，因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選B。

C（2015年濱州卷）

【主旨大意】本文主要介紹了阿里巴巴集團(tuán)主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)始人馬云的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、成就和成功之道。

1.D。猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)文章第二段的第三句“Every morning，he woke up at 5 a.m.，rode his bike 40 minutes to a hotel near the West Lake and talked with foreign tourists in English.（他每天早上5點(diǎn)醒來(lái)，騎上40分鐘的自行車去西湖邊的一家旅館和外國(guó)人練習(xí)英語(yǔ)）”可知，it指代的是“他和外國(guó)人練習(xí)英語(yǔ)”這件事，故選D。

2.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第三句“And on a 1995 trip to the US，Ma was showed the Internet for the first time.”可知，馬云在1995年去美國(guó)旅行時(shí)，第一次接觸到網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選B。

3.C。數(shù)字計(jì)算題。1995年馬云去美國(guó)旅行，第一次接觸網(wǎng)絡(luò)；又根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，馬云于四年后（即1999年）創(chuàng)建了阿里巴巴網(wǎng)站。故選C。

4.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第三段最后一句中的“Ma returned to China and set up a web-site called China Pages…”可知，馬云返回中國(guó)創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)叫China Pages的網(wǎng)站，而不是淘寶網(wǎng)，故A項(xiàng)的敘述是錯(cuò)誤的。

5.A。主旨大意題。通讀全文我們可知，這篇文章主要講述“馬云是如何通過(guò)自己的努力創(chuàng)造歷史的”，故選A。

D（2015年萊蕪卷）

【主旨大意】本文主要介紹了在2015年電視節(jié)目《我是歌手3》中，李健成為最受歡迎的歌手，被稱為“音樂(lè)詩(shī)人”；接著介紹了他早年的經(jīng)歷以及在音樂(lè)方面的成就。

1.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“People even give him the nickname‘Poetic Mu-slclan，because of his poetic lyrics.”可知選A。

2.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Later，he became a good guitarist and won the first prize in a national competition.”可知，李健擅長(zhǎng)彈吉他，故選B。

3.A。數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Li was born in Harbin in 1974.”以及第三段的第二句“Then in March 2001，Li formed agroup called Shuimu Nianhua with his friend.”可知，選A，即：2001-1974=27。

4.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的倒數(shù)第二句“Later.Li didn't agree to change their musical style.”可知，李健不愿意改變樂(lè)隊(duì)的風(fēng)格是該組合解散的原因，故選D。

5.C。猜測(cè)句意題。根據(jù)前面一句話“He spends more time writing songs.”，再理解本句話的句意“他會(huì)花更多的時(shí)間寫發(fā)自內(nèi)心的音樂(lè)”，由此可知選C。

五、科普文化

A（2015年泰安卷）

【主旨大意】本文主要介紹了電子紙和墨水的發(fā)明，它的頁(yè)面能保存視頻剪輯，而不僅僅是呈現(xiàn)黑白照片。這告訴我們，科學(xué)的發(fā)展給我們的生活帶來(lái)更好的服務(wù)和更方便的感受。

1.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Pretty soon，you might get to do both at the same time，in true Harry Potter Style.”并結(jié)合前一句可知選B。

2.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Several companies are racing to produce elec-tronic paper and ink，complete with colors and moving images（圖像）.”可知選D。

3.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第三句“Little electricity determines（決定）whether each microsphere（微球）looks black or white at any given time…”可知選B。

4.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，不久以后看電視和閱讀能同時(shí)進(jìn)行，但是現(xiàn)在還未能做到。故選C。

5.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段主要是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在看電視和閱讀是分開進(jìn)行的，經(jīng)過(guò)科學(xué)家們的努力將來(lái)也許會(huì)同時(shí)進(jìn)行。故選A。

B（2015年濰坊卷）

【主旨大意】本文介紹了日本的一位科學(xué)家及其團(tuán)隊(duì)研究為什么狗是人類最親密的朋友。通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，狗和人類在互相注視或進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言、動(dòng)作等方面的交流時(shí)，會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種叫“催產(chǎn)素”的東西。正是催產(chǎn)素的原因，三萬(wàn)多年以來(lái)狗一直和人類相處融洽。

1.B。猜測(cè)詞義題。聯(lián)系上文可知，代詞it指的是“人類和狗之間的親密關(guān)系是什么？”這一問(wèn)題的答案。故選B。

2.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文第三段陳述日本科學(xué)家Nagasawa和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)做的實(shí)驗(yàn)是驗(yàn)證催產(chǎn)素是如何產(chǎn)生效應(yīng)以及催產(chǎn)素產(chǎn)生的水平。故選A。

3.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段第二句話，當(dāng)人類和狗互相直視時(shí)，催產(chǎn)素達(dá)到峰值。

4.D。句意理解題。最后一句意為：Nagasa-wa分別對(duì)人和狼進(jìn)行了相同的實(shí)驗(yàn)，得到的結(jié)果卻不同。由此可知選D。

C（2015年衢州卷）

【主旨大意】作為文化的一部分，美國(guó)的很多日常表達(dá)都與顏色相關(guān)。短文分別說(shuō)明了紅色、粉紅色、藍(lán)色、綠色和黑色在人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪斜磉_(dá)的特別意義。

1.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第二句話可知，in the pink指“（身體）健康”。

2.C。猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)文章第五段第一句和it所在句中的colour可知，it指代第一句的主語(yǔ)green。

3.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的第二句話可知，通常用a black day來(lái)形容“諸事不順的某一天”。

4.C。推理判斷題。短文第一段說(shuō)明很多美國(guó)的日常表達(dá)以顏色為基礎(chǔ)，而語(yǔ)言是文化的一部分，故選C。

D（2015年河南卷）

【主旨大意】本文介紹了野貓變成家貓的發(fā)展史，也介紹了家貓與野貓之間的差別和共同點(diǎn)。

1.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的最后一句“This is understandable because the first cat came from Africa.”可知，第一批家貓來(lái)自非洲。故選B。

2.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“About 5，000 years ago， cats started to live with people.”可知，大約5，000年前，貓就與人類一起生活。故選B。

3.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“After the Romans came to Egypt，they also accepted the cats and brought them to Europe.”可知，D項(xiàng)的描述是正確的。故選D。

4.C。猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知，貓當(dāng)初不喜歡被告知該做什么，但是現(xiàn)在貓會(huì)抓老鼠，并學(xué)會(huì)接受人們。由此可推知，現(xiàn)在貓有此行為，是人們馴化的結(jié)果。故選C。

5.A。主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了野貓如何變成家貓的演變過(guò)程。故選A。

六、環(huán)保健康

A（2015年新疆卷）

【主旨大意】本文給我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪腥绾伪Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境提出了三項(xiàng)建議：降低消耗、循環(huán)利用和舊物回收。

1.C。主旨大意題。根據(jù)“How green are you？Do you know how to be green？”可知，本文主要講的是我們?nèi)绾巫霾拍鼙Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境。故選C。

2.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Reduce means‘use less.Don't waste things.”可知，我們應(yīng)該減少浪費(fèi)。故選B。

3.B。猜測(cè)詞義題。這一段主要是講再次利用的問(wèn)題，所以last在這里指“持續(xù)利用（多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）”。故選B。

4.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。用瓷杯子和午餐盒是為了能夠再次使用。故選A。

5.D。推理判斷題。本文是倡導(dǎo)大家如何保護(hù)環(huán)境，故應(yīng)摘自雜志，而不是菜單、字典和故事書。故選D。

B（2015年銅仁卷）

【主旨大意】本文主要介紹了在學(xué)校中發(fā)生踩踏、地震和火災(zāi)安全事故時(shí)，如何進(jìn)行自我保護(hù)。

1.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Stampedes（踩踏），earthquakes and fires are the main accl-dents at school.”可知選A。

2.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“A stampede always happens in crowded places.”可知選C。

3.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“When earthquakes happen， you can get under a desk quicklv and hold on.”可知選B。

4.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的句子“When there's a fire， leave the classroom quick-ly.”可知，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第五段中的句子“Many people die in a fire，not because of the fire but smoke.”可知，B項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)第五段的句子“So when you want to get out，you should make yourself close to the floor.”可知，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第五段的句子“It's better to put something wet over your mouth and nose.”可知，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

5.D。主旨大意題。根據(jù)短文對(duì)“在踩踏、地震以及火災(zāi)等突發(fā)性災(zāi)難中，如何進(jìn)行自我保護(hù)”的分析可知，本篇文章主要介紹“安全教育”，故選D。

C（2015年廣東卷）

【主旨大意】本文主要講述很多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家把電子垃圾運(yùn)送到中國(guó)的部分地區(qū)，這些電子垃圾污染了這些地區(qū)，而處理這些電子垃圾非常不容易，為此，中國(guó)政府制定了新的環(huán)境保護(hù)法去保護(hù)環(huán)境。

1.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，這一批電子垃圾來(lái)自日本。故選B。

2.D。猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“It may be hundreds of years before they are real-ly gone in the earth.”可知，目前人們對(duì)損壞的電腦零部件通常進(jìn)行“掩埋”處理。故選D。

3.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Many places in China are polluted by e-waste.Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them.”可知，貴嶼鎮(zhèn)存在嚴(yán)重的電子污染現(xiàn)象。故選B。

4.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的句子“This year，China passed a new environmental protection law.”可知，今年中國(guó)政府通過(guò)了新的環(huán)境保護(hù)法。故選C。

5.C。主旨大意題。本文重點(diǎn)講述中國(guó)電子垃圾的問(wèn)題以及中國(guó)政府為了保護(hù)環(huán)境而制定了新的環(huán)境保護(hù)法。故選C。

七、風(fēng)俗禮儀

A（2015年自貢卷）

【主旨大意】本文講述了不同的國(guó)家有不同的禮儀，并重點(diǎn)講述了英國(guó)的餐桌禮儀。

1.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“You should sit up straight in your chair.”可知選C。

2.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“…some foods that are usually eaten with fingers.Thev include pizza，sandwiches，burgers，crisps and fruits.”可知，一些食物經(jīng)?？梢杂檬帜弥?，包括比薩、三明治、漢堡、薯片和水果。由此可知該題答案應(yīng)為B。

3.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“…some foods that are usually eaten with fingers.They include pizza，sandwiches，burgers，crisps and fruits.”一句可知，水果可以用手拿著吃。故選C。

4.A。推理判斷題。題干意為：根據(jù)短文我們可以推斷出什么？由第四段的第一句可知，A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是英國(guó)的餐桌禮儀，故選A。

5.B。主旨大意題。本文主要講解了英國(guó)的餐桌禮儀。故選B。