倡導(dǎo)任務(wù)型活動，啟發(fā)探究式學(xué)習(xí)

金 山 （青海省格爾木市第二中學(xué) 816000）

引導(dǎo)學(xué)生由單一、單純模仿，被動接受的學(xué)習(xí)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檫\(yùn)用觀察、發(fā)現(xiàn)、推測、理解、記憶、對比、分析、聯(lián)想、歸納、內(nèi)化等策略進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)，可以啟發(fā)學(xué)生動腦思考，大膽想象，提高學(xué)生的英語實(shí)踐能力。

英語 課堂教學(xué) 任務(wù)型

高中英語必修教科書中，創(chuàng)設(shè)了大量的語言運(yùn)用活動，使學(xué)生能夠通過親身的參與和實(shí)踐，感悟和體驗(yàn)英語，進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語言技能，提升綜合語言運(yùn)用能力。與此同時，這些任務(wù)型的教學(xué)活動，也幫助教師由灌輸式教學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閱l(fā)式教學(xué)，為學(xué)生的發(fā)現(xiàn)和探究提供了空間。

大多數(shù)任務(wù)型活動涉及社會科學(xué)和自然科學(xué)，如信息技術(shù)、航天技術(shù)、環(huán)保、法制、文學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)、音樂、體育、美術(shù)以及工、農(nóng)、商等任務(wù)型教學(xué)內(nèi)容。倡導(dǎo)任務(wù)型教學(xué)的目的就是讓學(xué)生主動參與，自主學(xué)習(xí)，啟發(fā)他們動腦思考，大膽想象，旨在激發(fā)思維，開啟心智，發(fā)揮創(chuàng)新精神，提高實(shí)踐能力.

下面我就以高中英語必修五Unit 3 Life in the future為例，談?wù)勅蝿?wù)型活動的設(shè)計，以饗讀者及同行。本單元的中心話題是談未來，內(nèi)容涉及人類對今后生活環(huán)境的想象、猜測和思考。所以，任務(wù)型活動可以圍繞“未來生活”這一中心話題進(jìn)行設(shè)計，啟發(fā)學(xué)生開展探究式學(xué)習(xí)。

Task 1:Organize a trip into space

You are the guide of a space tourist group.You are going to have a meeting with 10 space tourist:who will go on their first space trip with you for 10 days. At the meeting you are going to brife them on the following.

Itinerary

When to set offHow to get around

Where to see

What to see

When to get back

Reminders

What to bring

How much to bring

Whom to contact in case of emergency

該項(xiàng)目地下室頂板總長55.13 m，其伸縮縫間距大于規(guī)范規(guī)定的伸縮縫允許間距要求，原設(shè)計說明中要求采用跳倉法施工，以減少混凝土水化熱引起的溫度脹縮.但實(shí)際施工過程中采用整體一次性澆筑的方式，施工過程未設(shè)置后澆帶或施工縫，地下室頂板厚度為300 mm，如此大體量混凝土養(yǎng)護(hù)過程中造成了內(nèi)部大量的水化熱，其水化熱的釋放過程造成混凝土明顯脹縮，引起混凝土板的開裂.

How much to pay

Students are encouraged to visit the websites suggested to get the necessary information.

Students are divided into groups of 4-6.

Step 1.Discuss where to go (see the table below for reference).

Step 2.Make a list of activities and then decide what to do.

Step 3.Think of the name for some space hotels and the equipment the hotels have.

Step 4.Make a list of things needed for a space trip and then dicide on what tourists must bring:

Step 5.Discuss what tourists should do and should not do when they are meeting with aliens.

Step 6.Think of questions the first space tourists might ask and then design a FAQ(Frequently Asked Questions).

Step 7.Finalize the itinerary and the FAQ.

Step 8.Present the itinerary to the class.

Step 9.Answer about three questions asked by students of other groups.

Step 10.Students vote which space trip they would like to take, and the one with most of the votes is the winner.

Task 2:Designing a future school

You are asked to design a future school,which will be open to space settlers in AD 3008.

Students are divided into groups of 4-6.

Step 1.Discuss what name the school should have.

Step 2.Decide on the location of the school.

Step 3.Make a list of school equipment and then decide on what a future space school must have.

Step 4.Discuss what ideal school size is.

Step 5.Make a list of courses that are suitable for a space school in the future and give reasons.

Step 6.Discuss what teaching methods the school will adopt and give reasons.

Step 7.Add some other points you think are necessary.

Step 8.Write an introduction to your school.

Step 9.Eachgroup presents the introduction.

Step 10.Students vote which school they would like to send their children to,and the one with most of votes is the winner.

我國基礎(chǔ)教育英語新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的教育理念是“倡導(dǎo)任務(wù)型教學(xué)模式，讓學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下，通過感知、體驗(yàn)、實(shí)踐、參與、合作等方式，實(shí)現(xiàn)任務(wù)型的目標(biāo)，感受成功。”在英語教學(xué)過程中，如何合理設(shè)計任務(wù)型活動直接影響到教學(xué)的效果。因此，廣大英語教師必須要在實(shí)際的教學(xué)過程中積極探索，大膽實(shí)踐。只有這樣，才能真正發(fā)揮任務(wù)活動的價值效用，為教學(xué)的深入實(shí)施提供助力。

（責(zé)編 馮紅偉）