建筑設(shè)計(jì)：亨里克·諾蘭德·史密斯，涅什卡·希維爾切夫斯卡，郭成林

威盧克斯（中國）有限公司辦公樓，河北，中國

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：亨里克·諾蘭德·史密斯，涅什卡·希維爾切夫斯卡，郭成林

1 外景/Exterior view

威盧克斯新辦公樓是中國第一棟在主動房理念指導(dǎo)下建成的辦公建筑，是一座簡約造型的斯堪的納維亞風(fēng)格的辦公建筑。建筑主體采用混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，立面使用彩鋼板作為建筑立面的飾面材料。

建筑立面設(shè)計(jì)是低能耗建筑物的關(guān)鍵，這需要“智能”的立面設(shè)計(jì)和門窗布局，從而在冬季主動得熱、夏季隔熱遮陽、日光捕獲和自然通風(fēng)之間找到制衡點(diǎn)。建筑師遵循了上述設(shè)計(jì)原則，致力于打造一座以中庭為中心的緊湊式建筑物。緊湊式建筑物在施工和能耗上擁有很大優(yōu)勢。與絕大多數(shù)傳統(tǒng)辦公樓相比，梯形的設(shè)計(jì)更富動感，傳遞出陽光在屋頂窗間的流動感受。

建筑立面和地下空間，由296樘威盧克斯智能電控窗組成多條采光帶，建筑中庭采用VMS智能模塊化天窗系統(tǒng)。窗體布局不僅加速室內(nèi)的自然通風(fēng)換氣，利于炎熱季節(jié)的散熱，充足均勻的日光也大大減少了人工照明的使用。陽光透過傾斜的建筑立面徑直射入建筑物內(nèi)部。

建筑立面采光窗，下排窗可手動操作，上排高位窗則采用智能傳感器控制，根據(jù)室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量和溫度自動開關(guān)。所有窗戶都配有室外遮陽簾和室內(nèi)全遮光簾，可以根據(jù)室內(nèi)溫度及光照要求自動響應(yīng)，起到避免陽光直射和隔熱的作用。窗戶與采暖、通風(fēng)和空調(diào)系統(tǒng)技術(shù)完美結(jié)合，締造出舒適無比的室內(nèi)環(huán)境。

建筑主動蓄熱/冷系統(tǒng)：這是一種在混凝土板中嵌入管道的采暖/冷網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。搭配地源熱泵和室外風(fēng)機(jī)組（風(fēng)量可變），建筑蓄熱/冷系統(tǒng)能創(chuàng)造舒適室內(nèi)氣候并且可以大幅度節(jié)能。

高效保溫隔熱且不透風(fēng)的圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)有效降低了冬季的熱損失。巖棉保溫地板厚：250mm；屋頂厚：200mm；墻體厚：200mm。

其他節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì)策略還包括：

基于CO2智能控制的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。

使用VMS智能模塊化天窗系統(tǒng)和智能電控窗。

太陽能集熱器，用于室內(nèi)生活熱水供應(yīng)。

智能控制的室內(nèi)外遮陽簾，隔熱效果極佳，減少炎熱天氣的制冷耗能。

熱泵：利用土地?zé)崮?，對建筑進(jìn)行制冷或供暖。

建筑能耗監(jiān)控

此辦公樓已于2013年6月正式投入使用。中國建筑科學(xué)研究院對此建筑進(jìn)行了外墻、屋面、外窗、建筑整體氣密性、室內(nèi)環(huán)境及空調(diào)通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的性能測試，實(shí)地檢測數(shù)據(jù)表明，整個(gè)大樓的實(shí)際電耗水平為33kwh/m2·a這個(gè)數(shù)值相當(dāng)于國內(nèi)同類型公共建筑總能耗的20%左右。□（郭成林，趙金彥，臧海燕）

The VELUX new office building, based on the Active House Concept, is the first of its kind to be built in China. A compact office building featuring Scandinavia style, has a concrete structure and employs color steel as facade material.

Energy-saving buildings require an "intelligent" design for facade and fenestration, so as to achieve the right balance between active solar heating in the winter, solar shading in the summer, daylight acquisition and natural ventilation. Based on the above design principle, the architect created a compact building centered on the atrium. The compact building has a great advantage in terms of both construction and energy consumption. Compared to most traditional office buildings, its trapezoidal shape offers a more dynamic look and introduces a better inflow of light via clerestory windows.

A total of 296 VELUX intelligent windows, together with the atrium's VELUX Modular Skylight system, provide abundant daylight for the building and its basement. The windows not only accelerate natural ventilation and cooling in hot season, but also minimize the need for artificial light. Daylight directly penetrates the building.

The lower windows can be controlled manually, while the higher ones are automatically controlled according to the indoor air quality and temperature. All windows are equipped with both interior blind and awning blind to prevent glare and overheating. Together with HVAC technology, they create an exceptionally comfortable indoor climate.

The TABS system is an embedded network of water pipes in the mid-plane of all concrete slabs. Combined with a ground source heat pump and an outdoor air unit (with variable volume), the TABS system provides pleasant and energy-efficient heating/cooling.

A high-efficient insulated and airtight envelope limits heat loss in winter. The thicknesses of the Rockwool insulation are: 250mm in floor, 200mm in roof, and 200mm in wall, respectively.

The ventilation system is based on the CO2intelligent control.

VELUX Modular Skylight system is employed together with electrically-controlled intelligent windows.

2 夜景/Night view

Solar thermal collectors are used for heating domestic water.

Intelligent blinds effectively prevent overheating, thus reducing the need for cooling during hot days.

The heat pump supplies the building with energy extracted from the earth under the building.

The office was officially put into use in June 2013. China Academy of Building Research conducted a test to monitor the performance of its exterior walls, roofs, windows, air tightness, indoor environment and HVAC system. The result showed its actual electricity consumption at 33kwh/ m2·a, a figure equivalent to 20% of the total energy consumed by similar public buildings in China. □

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 威盧克斯（中國）有限公司/VELUX (China) Co., Ltd.

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: 威盧克斯丹麥總部BI部門/BI Dept., VELUX A/S

能源工程師/Energy Engineer: 艾默里克·諾韋爾/Aymeric Novel

采光分析/Daylight Analysis: 威盧克斯丹麥總部EDIC部門，威盧克斯（中國）有限公司/EDIC Dept, VELUX A/S, VELUX (China) Co., Ltd.

能源概念設(shè)計(jì)/Energy Concept: 丹麥科威咨詢公司/ Demark COWI Consultation Company

能源施工設(shè)計(jì)/Energy Construction: 特瑞歐公司/TERAO Company

建筑面積/Floor Area: 2080m2

建造時(shí)間/Construction Period: 2010.09-2013.05

攝影/Photos: 馬鐵軍/MA Tiejun

評論

蔣培銘：這種設(shè)計(jì)與建構(gòu)完全依賴于某種建筑產(chǎn)品而產(chǎn)生的建筑，真不多見。這樣的建筑不知如何是好：是建筑使用的要求，好像不是；是建筑產(chǎn)品的舍我其誰，好像不是；是建筑不得不如此這般，好像也不是。我們不得不發(fā)出疑問，建筑的科學(xué)性是某種建筑產(chǎn)品所能包羅萬象的嗎？建筑藝術(shù)的創(chuàng)造力取決于建筑產(chǎn)品嗎？建筑產(chǎn)品應(yīng)該為建筑服務(wù)。

張弘：超低能耗辦公樓作為威盧克斯主力產(chǎn)品展示平臺，大量側(cè)向采光窗及天窗的應(yīng)用，在保證室內(nèi)自然采光的同時(shí)，也一定程度上起到了調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)環(huán)境的作用。得益于緊湊式布局、高效保溫、外遮陽系統(tǒng)以及地源熱泵系統(tǒng)的低運(yùn)行能耗，充分體現(xiàn)出該建筑在生態(tài)策略方面的成功，但對于智能控制系統(tǒng)的依賴同樣會帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)性方面的問題，進(jìn)而影響實(shí)踐推廣。

Comments

JIANG Peiming: One rarely sees a building whose design and construction are completely dependent on a certain type of architectural product. It seems to be torn between multiple possibilities and demands: architectural function, unbeatable production, or imperative solution. We can't help but ask: can certain type of architectural products truly embrace the scientific nature of architecture? Is artistic creativity of architecture dependent upon such products? Eventually, architectural products should serve the fundamental purpose of architecture.

ZHANG Hong: The VELUX China Office Building is the main product exhibition platform. Its extensive side windows and skylights guarantee interior illumination and also helps regulate the interior climate. In order to maintain low energy consumption, it makes the best of the compact arrangement, efficient insulation, exterior shading and geothermal heating systems, all of which contribute to its success in eco-strategies. But on the other hand, its dependence on intelligent control system has negative effects on its economical efficiency and popularization.

VELUX China Office Building, Hebei, China, 2013

Architects: Henrik Norlander Smith, Agnieszka Szwarczewska, GUO Chenglin

3 內(nèi)景/Interior view

4 中庭內(nèi)景/Interior view in atrium

5 地下室內(nèi)景/Interior view in underground

6 內(nèi)景/Interior view

7 室內(nèi)氣候和通風(fēng)/Interior climate and ventilation

8 節(jié)能技術(shù)/Energy conservation

9.10 采光分析/Daylighting analysis