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Background music may seem harmless， but it can have a powerful effect on those who hear it. Recorded background music first found its way into factories， shops and restaurants in the US. But it soon spread to other arts of the world. Now it is becoming increasingly difficult to go shopping or eat a meal without listening to music.

To begin with， “muzak” （音樂廣播網(wǎng)） was intended simply to create a soothing （安慰） atmosphere. Recently， however， its become big business—thanks to recent research. Dr Ronald Milliman， an American marketing expert， has shown that music can boost sales or increase factory production by as much as a third.

However， it has to be light music. A fast one has no effect at all on sales. Slow music can increase receipts by 38%. This is probably because shoppers slow down and have more opportunity to spot items they like to buy. Yet， slow music isnt always useful. Dr Milliman found， for example， that in restaurants slow music meant customers took longer to eat their meals， which reduced overall sales. So restaurants owners might be well advised to play up-tempo music to keep the customers moving—unless of course， the resulting indigestion （消化不良） leads to complaints！

1. Why is background music so popular？

A. It can help to create a soothing atmosphere.

B. It can have a powerful effect on all shoppers.

C. It can make customers eat their meals quickly.

D. It can boost sales or increase factory production everywhere.

2. Which of the following is TRUE？

A. Fast music can increase receipts by 38%.

B. Slow music that can make people move fast.

C. Slow music that can make customers enjoy shopping most.

D. Background music first occur in factories， shops and restaurants.

3. What does the underlined words “up-tempo music” refer to？

A. Fast music. B. Slow music.

C. Light music. D. Classical music.

4. Restaurant owners complain about background music because ___ .

A. it increases their sales

B. it decreases their sales

C. it results in indigestion

D. it keeps customers moving

B

There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people， and to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education， as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in a traditional classroom. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules. For students who worry about these things a lot， it is a good idea to be in an open classroom.

But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students， there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education， these students may have a problem getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their schools.

You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea， but only in theory. In actual fact， it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students， but of course not all students， want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases， they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.

5. What does open education allow the students to do？

A. Grow as the educated.

B. Develop their own interests.

C. Be responsible for their future.

C. Discover subjects outside class.

6. Open education may be good for the students who ___ .

A. enjoy learning

B. worry about grades

C. are responsible for their life

D. do well in a traditional classroom

7. Why will some students do little in an open classroom？

A. Because there are too few rules.

A. Because open education is boring.

C. Because they worry about the rules.

B. Because they hate the activities very much.

8. Which of the following statements is TRUE？

A. Teachers dislike open education.

B. Open education is good in practice.

C. Open education is a really complex idea.

D. Open education is better than traditional education.

單詞訓練營

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

lively melody regulate relief spotted

shrink sudden tap vacant voluntary

1. It has one of the most outstanding ____ in Chinese instrumental music.

2. The powers of the European Commission to ____ competition are increasing.

3. Another source of income is from ____ contributions of the people.

4. The woolly socks ____ because it was washed badly.

5. She ____ on the table with the pencil.

6. The milkman selected the ____ cows， from among a herd of two hundred.

7. The girl impressed her husbands family with her ____ and sense of humour.

8. After a while she wept and her tears brought her some ____ .

單句改錯

下列各句每句有1個錯誤。

1. Im glad to tell you that you passed the exam. ____

2. Some of them are dancing with the music. ____

3. Traffic lights are used to regulating traffic in cities. ____

4. There were many passerbys， so I pushed my way through the

crowd. ____

單句翻譯

1. 從三年前開始我一直在學英語。

2. 這幾幅圖增加了這本書的生氣。

3. 同學們都安全到家了，我們大大松了一口氣。

4. 自從上周那次不幸的事故以來，我一直睡得很不好。

單項選擇

1. So far this year we a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.

A. saw B. have been seeing

C. had seen D. have seen

2. — I have got a headache.

— No wonder. You ___ in front of that computer too long.

A. work B. are working

C. have been working D. worked

3. If you make every effort， your dream will ___ ， and this ___ all the people.

A. come true； is true to B. realized； is true for

C. come true； is true of D. be realized； is true to

4. As far as I can see， he says much the same ___ they do.

A. to B. with

C. like D. as

5. The local drama club is ___ the film Macbeth at the Playhouse.

A. putting on B. dealing with

C. making up D. putting together

6. The students were dancing to ___ music happily when all of ___ sudden the light went out.

A.the； / B. the； a

C. /； / D. /； the

7. He had prepared well for the coming exams， but ___ he fell ill and missed the exams.

A. over and over B. from time to time

C. all of a sudden D. at once

8. Im interested in the job you advertised in todays newspaper. Is it still ___ ？

A. empty B. vacant

C. bare D. free

完形填空

Lena Horne was born in Brooklyn， New York in 1917. Her mother was away for much of her 1 . So her grand-mother helped raise her.

At the age of sixteen， Lena 2 a job as a dancer at the famous Cotton Club in New York City. After 3 voice lessons， she soon began performing there as a singer too. At the age of nineteen， Lena moved to Pittsburgh and 4 Louis Jones， who was an actor. 5 ， their life together did not last long. But they had two 6 ， Gail and Edwin.

In 1940， Lena Horne became the first African-American to travel and 7 with an all-white jazz band. She 8 made records and performed at New York Citys Café Society jazz club. This was the first nightclub in the United States 9 racial barriers （隔閡）. Many jazz clubs during this period had black performers， but few 10 them to watch the performance as part of the 11 .

Lena Horne became very 12 . After performing at a club in Hollywood， California， she caught the attention of 13 . So with the help of some filmmakers， she soon 14 making movies. Lena Horne said that she was able to make movies

15 she was the kind of black person that white people could accept. But she said this was the 16 kind of acceptance. It was for the way she 17 ， not for how good she was or how hard she worked.

However， through her hard work， she helped 18 racial barriers. During her sixty-year career as a performer， Lena Horne earned peoples 19 and respect. She used her fame to

20 social injustices toward African-Americans.

1. A. dream B. performance C. life D. childhood

2. A. disliked B. found C. lost D. wanted

3. A. taking B. giving C. making D. designing

4. A. saw B. changed C. surprised D. married

5. A. Excitingly B. Amazingly

C. Unfortunately D. Happily

6. A. relatives B. parents C. friends D. children

7. A. perform B. play C. stay D. communicate

8. A. always B. hardly C. never D. also

9. A. without B. on C. for D. with

10. A. encouraged B. allowed C. interested D. forced

11. A. participants B. listeners C. audience D. people

12. A. popular B. hard-working C. happy D. interesting

13. A. bosses B. guests C. managers D. filmmakers

14. A. stopped B. preferred C. enjoyed D. began

15. A. if B. because C. though D. so

16. A. worst B. fastest C. best D. biggest

17. A. talked B. sang C. looked D. acted

18. A. protect B. break C. exchange D. show

19. A. sorrow B. money C. pity D. love

20. A. disagree B. violate C. fight D. present