談到學數(shù)學這個話題,小編可是深有體會。從小到大,小編學得最爛的一門學科就是數(shù)學。我也承認,我有“豬一般”的頭腦,但是更可怕的是,我有“虎一般”兇狠嚴厲的數(shù)學老師。每一次考試不及格,我都會被她叫到辦公室“語重心長”長達一個小時。最后的最后,小編我也沒有因為這位數(shù)學老師的“諄諄教導”學出個樣子來,而是從理科班灰溜溜地轉去了文科班~~想起來就無比心酸啊~要是小編我當年也能遇到文章中所說那么“有愛”的數(shù)學老師,也許前途會是一片光明呢。
Melissa Block (Host): Sarah Hagan teaches math without books and with color and things you can hold. She gets the kids in her classes out of their seats. Sarah Hagan is just 25 years old, a high school teacher in Oklahoma. NPR’s Cory Turner went to meet her and see her passion for math in action.
Cory Turner (Byline): It’s easy to miss Drumright, Okla. Less than 3,000 people now live in the faded oil town, and the highway humps right around it. There are no stop lights, no movie theater or 1)bowling alley anymore, just 2)a clutch of small houses and 3)hearty businesses. There’s a funeral home and a Family Dollar and a Dollar General. That makes it hard enough to attract good teachers, says Judd Matthes, the principal at Drumright High School. But it gets worse.
Judd Matthes: We don’t pay a lot (laughter) in Oklahoma for beginning teachers. If you go next-door to Arkansas, they’re about $10,000-a-year starting salary difference.
Turner: Which made him wonder why a National Merit Scholar, who’d gotten a full ride to the 4)top-notch University of Tulsa, would want to start her teaching life in a place like Drumright, earning just over $30,000 a year. Sarah Hagan’s answer...
Sarah Hagan: Well, they offered me a job, and it was April and I hadn’t graduated yet. And they said come work here.
Turner: That was three years ago.
Hagan: The first time I saw my classroom, it was the most depressing thing I’d ever seen. The walls weren’t all painted one color. There was no 5)dry-erase board. There were no bulletin boards.
Turner: And the floorboards did this.
(Soundbite of floor creaking)
Turner: They still do that, but the rest of the room is now a riot of color. Decorations hang wall-to-wall, floor-to-ceiling, and after each school year, Hagan tears them all down and starts over. Again, Principal Matthes.
Matthes: It’s real bright.(laughter) When I walked in this summer, I said, whoa, you went and decorated, didn’t you? And she’d spent all summer decorating her room.
Turner: To Hagan, 6)visuals matter. She has a math jewelry collection, including a necklace with a pi-shaped 7)pendant—as in 3.14. More importantly, she’s remarkably self-assured. When she arrived at Drumright, the school had ordered new textbooks, but Hagan had already decided as a student teacher that she wasn’t gonna use textbooks.
Hagan: I don’t want to be stifled by that. I mean, I teach a lot of things in totally different order than a textbook would. Turner: To her, the average math book was itself a problem to be solved.
Hagan: So I decided we were gonna make our own textbooks.
Turner: She didn’t tell anyone that. She just left the new books in their boxes. Instead, in a 8)trigonometry lesson, she uses stuff like this...
Hagan: My 9)flowerpot over there’s a circle.
Turner: And this...
Hagan: I have a roll of tape that’s a circle.
Turner: And my personal favorite...
Hagan: OK. So is our spaghetti gonna be able to be the length of the radius of our hula hoop?
Turner: Yeah, spaghetti—it’s all part of Hagan’s DIY approach to learning. As for the textbooks they make, they start as blank composition notebooks. Each day, Hagan hands out a lesson she’s written herself or open-sourced from other teachers. It’s usually printed on colored paper and requires some kind of hands-on work—drawing,coloring, cutting out a puzzle in 10)algebra.
Hagan: OK. So let’s cut as much as we talk.
Turner: There’s even some basic 11)origami. Students then glue the results into their notebooks. Eventually, the books look like some 12)dog-eared, 13)bulging 14)relics from an Indiana Jones movie. Hagan argues, if students are allowed to be creative, they’re more likely to remember what they’ve learned.
Hagan: The point is that we shouldn’t have to be like, oh, yeah, there’s that chart on page 763 that tells me how to, you know, classify something. They should think, oh, that’s on that blue paper that we did a few days ago and I 15)doodled in the corner or whatever.
Turner: When I visit Hagan’s morning Algebra I class, the handout is orange.
Hagan: So you need to put a four in the circle where it says unit. And our title of our unit is “16)Polynomials.”
Turner: And it’s important, Hagan tells them, not to let wrong answers linger.
Jake Williams: She really tricks us into learning.
Turner: Sophomore Jake Williams.
Jake: There’s so much fun involved in the classroom and, actually, the learning part that we actually understand it and grasp it.
Krissy Hitch: You do, like, puzzles and, like, all kinds of stuff. So it doesn’t even really seem like you’re learning. But then when you take the test, you realize—you’re like, wait, when did I even learn all of this stuff? Like, where did that even come from?
Turner: That’s senior Krissy Hitch. And junior Taylor Russell came in a skeptic.
Taylor Russell: I have never, ever liked math, but this year, I really love math.
Turner: Making it fun matters. In Oklahoma, algebra is high-stakes. If you can’t pass the state test, you can’t graduate. Hagan even changed her grading system to make sure students know the math. Here’s junior Ainsley Flewellen.
Ainsley Flewellen: So you either get an A, a B or not yet. So you kind of—it’s impossible to fail pretty much. Like, she makes it where you can’t not pass her class.
Turner: Hagan’s no pushover. If you bomb a quiz or an assignment, you do it again and again until you get an A or a B. The key, says Taylor Russell, is you’re not struggling alone. Miss Hagan’s there.
Taylor: She’ll, like, stay after school, like, really, really, late with you and help you with it. I’ve had to do that multiple times.
Turner: Which explains why, at lunch, students come to Hagan’s empty classroom just to hang out or ask her for help with an assignment, even if it’s for another teacher’s class.
Melinda Parker: She wants her students to be successful.
Turner: Fellow teacher, Melinda Parker.
Parker: Oh, I, we love Sarah. She works so hard, and we got her in Drumright. We got her in Drumright, Okla.(laughter).
Turner: But Parker worries that the young math teacher could burn out. Hagan admits, sometimes, the work does wear her down.
Hagan: And, yeah, there’s days where I complain(laughter). And the people I complain to think I’m insane because I haven’t left this place. But these kids deserve better.
Turner: And so she stays, at least for now. Even in her scant free time, Sarah Hagan writes a blog about her experiences in the classroom. She calls it Math Equals Love.
梅麗莎·布洛克(主持人):薩拉·哈根教數(shù)學不用教科書,而是用色彩和其他你手上的東西。她讓她班上的學生都離開座位。薩拉·哈根只有25歲,是一名俄克拉荷馬州的高中老師。NPR新聞組的克里·特納對她進行了采訪,了解她用行動表達了對數(shù)學的熱情。
克里·特納(撰稿人):俄克拉荷馬州的莊來德是個不起眼的地方?,F(xiàn)在只有不到3000人居住在這個蕭條的石油鎮(zhèn),高速公路在這里通過。那里不再有紅燈、電影院和保齡球館,只有一群小房子和核心的商業(yè)區(qū):一家殯儀館、一間家多樂百貨店和一家達樂日用品零售店?!斑@些條件已經很難吸引到好的老師了”,賈德·馬瑟斯說道,他是莊來德高中的校長。但是情況變得更糟了。
賈德·馬瑟斯:在俄克拉荷馬州我們不會給剛入職的老師高薪(笑)。如果你去臨近的阿肯色州,他們那兒的入職薪酬每年會比這里多約一萬美元。
特納:這使他想知道為什么一個曾在高中畢業(yè)得到優(yōu)秀學生獎學金,并得到一流大學——塔爾薩大學的全額獎學金的人,會愿意在像莊來德這樣的地方開始自己的教學生涯,每年只有三萬多美元的工資。薩拉·哈根的回答是……
薩拉·哈根:好吧,他們給了我一份工作,當時正值四月,我還沒有畢業(yè)。他們說來這里工作吧。
特納:那是三年前的事了。
哈根:第一次看到我的教室時,那是我看到的最令人沮喪的地方。墻壁的顏色不止一種,沒有白板,沒有布告牌。
特納:而且地板是這樣的。
(地板吱吱作響的聲音)
特納:現(xiàn)在地板還是那樣,但是教室的其他地方都充滿了色彩。四處都掛滿了裝飾品,每個學年結束后,哈根都會把它們全部撕下來重新布置。馬瑟斯校長又有話說——馬瑟斯:這真的煥然一新。(笑)當我這個夏天走進她的教室時,我說:“哇,你把這里裝飾了一番,對嗎?”她花了一整個夏天的時間來布置她的教室。
特納:對于哈根來說,視覺很重要。她有一個數(shù)學類的珠寶收藏,包括一條帶有圓周率“π”形狀的吊墜項鏈。更重要的是,她非常的自信。當她來到莊來德時,學校已經訂了新的課本,但是作為一名實習老師,哈根已經決定不用課本教書。
哈根:我不想受到教科書的束縛。我的意思是,許多知識我都不會按照課本那樣的順序來教。
特納:對于她來說,一般的數(shù)學書本身就有問題。
哈根:所以我決定我們要自己制作課本。
特納:她沒有跟任何人說起。她只是把新的課本都留在箱子里。相反地,在一堂三角函數(shù)課上,她用了像這樣的東西……
哈根:我那里的花盆是一個圓。
特納:而這個……
哈根:我有一卷膠帶是個圓。
特納:而我個人最喜歡的是……
哈根:好的。那么我們意大利面的長度會不會是呼啦圈的半徑呢?
特納:嗯,意大利面——這只是哈根動手學習方法的一部分。他們做的課本,剛開始都是空白的作文本。每天,哈根都會發(fā)一份她自己寫的或是從其他老師那里得到的講義。這份講義通常都是用彩紙打印的,而且需要一些手工活——畫畫、上色、剪代數(shù)的拼圖。
哈根:好吧。讓我們剪得越多越好。
特納:課上甚至還有一些基礎折紙手工。學生們隨后把答案貼在他們的筆記本上。最后,這些本子就像一些在《奪寶奇兵》系列電影中出現(xiàn)的折角的、皺巴巴的寶藏。哈根認為,如果學生們變得有創(chuàng)造性,那么他們更可能記得他們學習到的東西。
哈根:問題的關鍵就在我們不需要像,噢,嗯,第763頁的圖表告訴我如何,你懂的,進行分類。他們應該想,噢,那是我們幾天前在藍色紙上的畫作,我當時在角落還涂鴉了。
特納:當我去旁聽哈根早上的那節(jié)代數(shù)課時,講義是橙色的。
哈根:所以你要把“4”放入圓圈里表示第幾單元。我們單元的標題是“多項式”。
特納:哈根跟她的學生們說,別讓錯誤的答案留下來,這點很重要。
杰克·威廉姆斯:她真的能誘使我們學習。
特納:這位是高二的學生杰克·威廉姆斯。
杰克:課堂上充滿了樂趣,而且事實上,我們確實理解并掌握了需要學習的內容。
克莉絲·希契:你喜歡拼圖之類的東西。所以甚至你看起來不是在學習,但是當測驗的時候,你就意識到——等等,我什么時候學過這些東西的?就像是,它們從哪里來的?
特納:這是高三的學生克莉絲·希契。高一的學生泰勒·拉塞爾充滿疑慮地走進(采訪室)來。
泰勒·拉塞爾:我從來都不喜歡數(shù)學,但是今年,我卻真的愛上了數(shù)學。
特納:讓數(shù)學變得有趣很重要。在俄克拉荷馬州,代數(shù)的不及格率很高。如果你不能通過州的考試,你就不能畢業(yè)。哈根甚至為了確保學生們都能學好數(shù)學而改變她的評分機制。這位是高一的學生安斯利·弗文霖。
安斯利·弗文霖:所以你要不就得A或者B,要不就不給你評分。所以某種程度上說——你不可能不及格。就像是,她不會讓你不及格。
特納:哈根不是那么容易打敗的。如果你測試或者作業(yè)搞砸了,你要不斷地去做它,直到你拿到一個A或者B?!瓣P鍵在于”,泰勒·拉塞爾說道,“你不是一個人在努力,哈根老師也在那里陪著你?!?/p>
泰勒:她放學后會留下來,幫助你學習,陪你到很晚。我已經那樣做很多次了。
特納:這就能解釋為什么在午餐時間,學生們都會到哈根的空教室那里呆著,或者問她作業(yè),甚至是問她其他老師布置的作業(yè)。
梅琳達·帕克:她希望她的學生變得成功。
特納:這位是哈根的同事,梅琳達·帕克。
帕克:噢,我們愛薩拉。她工作非常認真,我們把她留在了莊來德。我們把她留在了俄克拉荷馬州的莊來德。(笑)
特納:但是帕克擔心這位年輕的數(shù)學老師的身體會透支。哈根承認,有時候,工作真的會讓她精疲力盡。
哈根:嗯,我也有抱怨的時候。(笑)我抱怨的對象他們認為我瘋了,因為我還沒有離開這個地方。但是這些孩子理應擁有更好的生活。
特納:所以她留下來了,至少現(xiàn)在還在。甚至在她少得可憐的空暇時間,薩拉·哈根也會在博客上寫她在課堂上的經歷。她說數(shù)學是充滿愛的。