卓鳳婷,張麗婷,高旭航
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西格列汀對(duì)初發(fā)2型糖尿病患者胰島B細(xì)胞功能的影響
卓鳳婷,張麗婷,高旭航
目的 研究西格列汀對(duì)初發(fā)2型糖尿病患者胰島B細(xì)胞功能的影響。方法選擇我院門診2型糖尿病患者69例,隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和試驗(yàn)組,對(duì)照組35例,試驗(yàn)組34例,對(duì)照組予二甲雙胍治療,試驗(yàn)組予二甲雙胍、西格列汀治療,12周后比較治療前后兩組患者空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(PPG)、糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c)、體重指數(shù)(BMI)、空腹胰島素(Fins)、餐后2 h胰島素(Pins)。結(jié)果兩組治療前各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),治療后,兩組FPG、PPG、HbA1c、BMI均較治療前顯著下降(P<0.05)。與對(duì)照組相比,試驗(yàn)組FPG、PPG、HbA1c降低更明顯(P<0.05),F(xiàn)ins、Pins水平升高更顯著(P<0.05)。結(jié)論西格列汀能明顯改善初發(fā)2型糖尿病患者的胰島B細(xì)胞功能,在臨床應(yīng)用中安全有效。
2型糖尿??;西格列汀;二肽基肽酶抑制劑;B細(xì)胞
2型糖尿病在我國發(fā)病率不斷升高,嚴(yán)重威脅社會(huì)中堅(jiān)人群的身體健康,并給我國帶來沉重的衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)[1]。胰島素分泌缺陷和胰島素抵抗是2型糖尿病的主要發(fā)病機(jī)制,二肽基肽酶(DPP)Ⅳ抑制劑西格列汀具有保護(hù)胰島B細(xì)胞功能的作用[2],所以在2型糖尿病的治療中受到廣泛關(guān)注。本研究在飲食運(yùn)動(dòng)聯(lián)合二甲雙胍治療的基礎(chǔ)上,加用西格列汀作為初發(fā)2型糖尿病的治療方案,評(píng)價(jià)該方案對(duì)B細(xì)胞功能的影響。
1.1 研究對(duì)象 選擇2013年3-9月我院內(nèi)分泌科就診的2型糖尿病患者69例,均符合1999年WHO制定的糖尿病診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),隨機(jī)將患者分為對(duì)照組和試驗(yàn)組,對(duì)照組35例,男18例,女17例,平均年齡(61.65±12.55)歲;試驗(yàn)組34例,男17例,女17例,平均年齡(62.71±12.93)歲。兩組患者性別、年齡、體重指數(shù)(BMI)比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),治療前兩組空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(PPG)、糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹胰島素(Fins)、餐后2 h胰島素(Pins)、胰島素抵抗和B細(xì)胞功能水平比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。兩組一般情況比較見表1。
1.2 研究方法 對(duì)照組給予二甲雙胍0.5 g tid;試驗(yàn)組給予二甲雙胍0.5 g tid,西格列汀100 mg qd。兩組均隨訪12周,同時(shí)均予規(guī)范糖尿病飲食及運(yùn)動(dòng)指導(dǎo)。
1.3 監(jiān)測指標(biāo) 監(jiān)測兩組患者FPG、PPG、HbA1c、BMI、Fins、Pins。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 應(yīng)用SPSS 16.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,計(jì)量資料以表示,組內(nèi)治療前后比較采用單樣本t檢驗(yàn),組間比較采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn)。計(jì)數(shù)資料以率表示,采用χ2檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。胰島素抵抗指數(shù)(HOMA-IR)=Fins×FPG/22.5,胰島素功能指數(shù)(HOMA-β)=20×Fins/(FPG-3.5)。
表1 兩組一般情況比較(例)
2.1 兩組治療前后各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)比較 兩組治療前各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),治療后,兩組FPG、PPG、HbA1c、BMI均較治療前顯著下降(P<0.05),與對(duì)照組相比,實(shí)驗(yàn)組FPG、PPG、HbA1c降低更明顯(P<0.05),F(xiàn)ins、Pins水平顯著升高(P<0.05)。兩組治療后HOMA-IR顯著下降,HOMA-β顯著升高,試驗(yàn)組較對(duì)照組HOMA-β升高更顯著(見表2)。
表2 兩組治療前后各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)比較
2.2 不良反應(yīng) 兩組均未出現(xiàn)低血糖反應(yīng),試驗(yàn)組發(fā)生腹痛、惡心1例。對(duì)照組腰酸1例,惡心2例,所有病例均完成12周隨訪治療。
西格列汀是一種DPP Ⅳ抑制劑,能抑制DPP Ⅳ水解腸促胰島激素,增加活性形式的GLP-1和GIP的血漿濃度,從而改善胰腺B細(xì)胞依賴葡萄糖促進(jìn)胰島素的生物合成與釋放,還可以通過增加內(nèi)源性GLP-1濃度,抑制胰腺A細(xì)胞分泌胰高血糖素。另外,本品能延遲胃的排空時(shí)間,減少進(jìn)食量[3]。二甲雙胍可以改善胰島素抵抗,增加外周組織對(duì)葡萄糖的利用,減少肝糖輸出,通過激活A(yù)MPK調(diào)節(jié)糖脂代謝。
胰島素分泌缺陷和胰島素抵抗是2型糖尿病的主要發(fā)病機(jī)制,Reaven等[4]應(yīng)用HOMA模型評(píng)估B細(xì)胞功能時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),2型糖尿病在初診時(shí)約50%的B細(xì)胞功能已經(jīng)喪失。隨著病程逐漸延長,B細(xì)胞功能還將進(jìn)一步減退。在DPP Ⅳ抑制劑出現(xiàn)前,并沒有口服藥物具有確切改善胰島B細(xì)胞功能的作用,因此,西格列汀的出現(xiàn)也給糖尿病提供了新的治療方向[5]。二甲雙胍在長期的臨床實(shí)踐中展現(xiàn)了改善胰島素抵抗、降低體重的確切療效,以及極少出現(xiàn)低血糖的安全性,作為2型糖尿病和糖尿病前期的一線用藥在臨床中廣泛使用。西格列汀可聯(lián)合多種藥物治療糖尿病,其中就包括與二甲雙胍的聯(lián)用[6-8]。
本研究通過12周的隨訪,發(fā)現(xiàn)通過飲食運(yùn)動(dòng)配合二甲雙胍的治療方案使對(duì)照組中初發(fā)糖尿病患者血糖水平、HbA1c、BMI顯著下降,同時(shí),胰島素抵抗也顯著改善,但是胰島素水平并沒有顯著提高,以HbA1c<7%為目標(biāo)的達(dá)標(biāo)率也僅為42.9%(15/35)。而與對(duì)照組相比,試驗(yàn)組血糖水平、HbA1c較對(duì)照組更低,HbA1c<7%的達(dá)標(biāo)率提高到61.8%(21/34)。試驗(yàn)組胰島素水平較治療前顯著提高,而BMI與對(duì)照組比較未顯著升高,通過HOMA模型計(jì)算,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)兩組的治療方案均能使初發(fā)2型糖尿病患者的胰島素抵抗顯著改善,同時(shí)也顯著改善了胰島B細(xì)胞功能。在一些國外的研究中,研究者同樣發(fā)現(xiàn)西格列汀在糖尿病患者中可以顯著改善胰島B細(xì)胞功能[9-10]。
本研究未發(fā)現(xiàn)西格列汀的嚴(yán)重藥物不良反應(yīng),并且1次/d的口服方式也使其具有良好的依從性。在一項(xiàng)薈萃分析中也提到了西格列汀具有良好的安全性和有效性[11]。
綜上所述,西格列汀能明顯改善初發(fā)2型糖尿病患者的胰島B細(xì)胞功能,在臨床應(yīng)用中安全有效,給藥方便,具有良好的依從性[12-14],作為初發(fā)2型糖尿病一線藥物的補(bǔ)充意義重大。
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Effect of sitagliptin on pancreatic B cell function in the treatment of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes
ZHUO Feng-ting,ZHANG Li-ting,GAO Xu-hang
(Department of Endocrinology,The 180th Hospital of PLA,Quanzhou 362000,China)
Objective To explore the effect of sitagliptin on B cell function in the treatment of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.Methods69 outpatients with type 2 diabetes in our hospital were randomly divided into control group (n=35) and trial group (n=34),patients were treated with metformin without or with sitagliptin respectively.Two groups were followed up for 12 weeks.Fasting plasma glucose (FPG),2 h postprandial plasma glucose (PPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),change in body mass index (BMI),fasting plasma insulin (Fins),2 h postprandial plasma insulin (Pins) were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the two groups in FPG,PPG,HbA1c,BMI,Fins,Pins before treatment (P>0.05).Compared with the baseline,FPG,PPG,HbA1c,BMI in both two groups declined significantly (P<0.05).After treatment,FPG,PPG,HbA1c were significantly lower,and Fins,Pins were significantly higher in treatment group compared with those in control group (P<0.05).ConclusionSitagliptin could obviously improve B cell function in the treatment of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes,it is safe and effective in clinical application.
Type 2 diabetes;Sitagliptin;Dipeptide peptidase inhibitors;B cell
2014-05-20
中國人民解放軍第180醫(yī)院內(nèi)分泌科,福建 泉州 362000
10.14053/j.cnki.ppcr.201505033