建筑即轉(zhuǎn)變

Architecture is Transformation

我們?cè)谝獯罄詈凸ぷ鳌Ｎ覀儾坏貌煌ㄟ^(guò)一系列扭曲的鏡頭觀察這個(gè)世界——增長(zhǎng)停滯的經(jīng)濟(jì)情況導(dǎo)致意大利城市面貌變化遲緩。新的建設(shè)不是常態(tài)，而是特例。盡管當(dāng)前世界各地正產(chǎn)生著人類歷史上最大規(guī)模的新建筑，我們卻剛好在最近10年內(nèi)都以建筑再利用為主要的議題。這使我們的建筑學(xué)未來(lái)處境危險(xiǎn)卻很明了——也就是新建設(shè)越來(lái)越少，卻得對(duì)具有價(jià)值和潛力的現(xiàn)存環(huán)境進(jìn)行經(jīng)常性的改造?？梢钥隙ǖ氖?，再利用是唯一符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展要求的建筑設(shè)計(jì)。

MARC事務(wù)所（米凱利·博尼諾，蘇巴斯·穆克吉）

都市別墅/Urban Villa（攝影/Photo: Giovanna Silva）

“項(xiàng)目根據(jù)居住的需要對(duì)過(guò)去的紡織品實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行了改造，由此使地下室也得到了充分利用。通過(guò)拆除整個(gè)內(nèi)部立面實(shí)現(xiàn)了自然采光，并在較深處挖開(kāi)了一個(gè)通道，用來(lái)聯(lián)系庭院與更低的樓層。由此，通過(guò)層疊的坡道從庭院進(jìn)入住宅內(nèi)部，形成了一系列連續(xù)的景觀。

"In adapting the former textile laboratory to the needs of a home, the project seeks to make the basement level fully usable. It lets in natural light by demolishing the whole inner fa?ade and excavating a deep passage to link the courtyard level with the lower level. In this way the courtyard descends by a tiered slope into the house, forming a continuous landscape."

布魯佐洛/Bruzolo（攝影/Photo: Beppe Giardino）

“該設(shè)計(jì)旨在形成一條小徑，激活現(xiàn)存的室外博物館體驗(yàn)，并設(shè)法解決一個(gè)特殊的問(wèn)題——以前的主入口已被后來(lái)擴(kuò)建部分‘吞噬’，無(wú)法對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放。因此，必要的小規(guī)?；A(chǔ)設(shè)施都緊貼一座相鄰建筑的石材立面布置?！?/p>

"The design aims to create a path able to activate the experience of the museum already from the exterior, and to solve an unusual problem: the former main entrance has been 'swallowed' by later additions and is not accessible to the public. So the small volumes of the required facilities are attached to the stone facade of an adjacent building."

We live, and work, in Italy. We are forced to look at the world through a distorting lens: the no-growth situation led to a slow transformation of the cities and of the territory. New constructions are an exception rather than the norm. Whereas the world is producing the biggest amount of new buildings in human history, we happened to work for more than ten years mainly on re-use. This led us to a risky but rather clear position about architecture in our future: less and less a creation of the new, but a constant transformation of what is already there with its value and its potential. Definitely, re-use is the only sustainable architecture.

MARC (Michele Bonino, Subhash Mukerjee)

科莫湖/Como（攝影/Photo: Beppe Giardino）

“我們并未像原來(lái)計(jì)劃的那樣采用真正受人歡迎的聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所采用的建筑表皮，而是將整個(gè)建筑‘沉入’現(xiàn)存的石砌碼頭。不同樓層之間通過(guò)現(xiàn)有的建筑與自然景觀融為一體，也使它能適應(yīng)湖上水平面的變化，并最終能夠應(yīng)對(duì)特大洪水。”

"Instead to take up the surface of a really popular meeting place, as originally planned, the building "sinks" inside an existing stone harbor. The interplay among the different levels blends it with the existing architectural and natural landscapes, and also enables it to cope with the movements of the lake, eventually absorbing exceptional floods."

里沃利/Rivoli （攝影/Photo: Beppe Giardino）

“一個(gè)經(jīng)理人回到他童年待過(guò)的大房子里居住，向往著根據(jù)大家庭的需求和他自己的古董車收藏要求對(duì)它進(jìn)行改造。同時(shí)，他也不情愿破壞自己在這所房子里的記憶。盡管只采取了按照嚴(yán)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)仍覺(jué)必要的改動(dòng)措施，這處改造設(shè)計(jì)卻已足夠在新、舊部分和室外的大公園之間產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)比關(guān)系。”

"A manager comes back to live in the big house of his childhood, looking to adapt it to the needs of his large family and to his collection of vintage cars. At the same time he is reluctant to spoil the house of his memories. Only strictly necessary changes are made but they are enough to establish a radical relation between the old, the new and the big park outside."