建筑設(shè)計(jì)：Studiomake

帕塔納畫(huà)廊，蘭實(shí)大學(xué)，巴吞他尼府，泰國(guó)

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：Studiomake

1 畫(huà)廊日景/Day view of gallery

2 畫(huà)廊夜景/Night view of gallery

距曼谷北部30分鐘車(chē)程的帕塔納畫(huà)廊為蘭實(shí)大學(xué)的建筑師、設(shè)計(jì)師和藝術(shù)家們提供了一個(gè)集中展示的場(chǎng)所。這座3層高的建筑占地550m2，矗立在校園已建成的9層高的藝術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)、建筑和數(shù)字藝術(shù)大樓面前，并與其在首層和三層相連。由于帕塔納畫(huà)廊作為主要干道通往現(xiàn)有的教室和講堂，所以設(shè)計(jì)行人動(dòng)線(xiàn)以及環(huán)境互動(dòng)的概念主導(dǎo)了設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。形式上，建筑猶如一座大型的圖像盒，一個(gè)學(xué)生作品和活動(dòng)的容器。一條寬裕的戶(hù)外步道切入建筑，成了學(xué)生、教師、員工和參觀(guān)者的主要干道。玻璃表皮的畫(huà)廊空間（也有其他非正式的聚會(huì)空間）環(huán)繞在步道兩側(cè)，因此行人獲得了活力和美學(xué)的雙重體驗(yàn)。建筑室內(nèi)環(huán)境在空調(diào)和自然通風(fēng)之間保持平衡，獲得自然通風(fēng)并提供遮陽(yáng)是首要的設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)選方式，因?yàn)樵O(shè)計(jì)者希望學(xué)生能在建筑的公共空間中休閑活動(dòng)。

這些關(guān)于動(dòng)線(xiàn)、通風(fēng)和空間流動(dòng)性的想法也預(yù)示了材料的選擇。建筑外圍輕盈地覆蓋著雙層粉末涂層鋼板表皮。幕墻表皮一面黑、一面白，伴隨著行人在空間中穿行，夸張地呈現(xiàn)出摩爾紋效果，隨行舞動(dòng)。根據(jù)行人與建筑的關(guān)系（無(wú)論是地面層還是以上、直接或間接），這層表皮呈現(xiàn)出不同程度的透明性和色彩——時(shí)而黑、時(shí)而白、時(shí)而灰。

選擇鋼結(jié)構(gòu)主要基于兩個(gè)原因——快速建造（業(yè)主要求的建設(shè)時(shí)間總計(jì)8個(gè)月）和輕盈的觀(guān)感。所有墻體由輕鋼構(gòu)件組成，以進(jìn)一步減少結(jié)構(gòu)靜荷載。寬翼緣鋼結(jié)構(gòu)賦有規(guī)律和韻律，強(qiáng)化了這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的容器的理念。橫向支撐結(jié)構(gòu)隱藏在墻體中，只在樓梯部分暴露出來(lái)；上下穿越展示空間的主要流線(xiàn)在建筑中以一條對(duì)角線(xiàn)的方式布置。在這里，交叉支撐結(jié)構(gòu)位于建筑表皮的邊緣并設(shè)計(jì)成樓梯梁。柱子上的跨距中結(jié)點(diǎn)是不可避免地受到現(xiàn)有建筑樓層空間影響的結(jié)果。設(shè)計(jì)者利用這些結(jié)點(diǎn)在二層的視線(xiàn)高度創(chuàng)造出一些小的視覺(jué)亮點(diǎn)，避免材料的浪費(fèi)。

由于這棟建筑比相鄰的大樓矮得多，設(shè)計(jì)者將屋頂做為第5立面來(lái)考慮，并設(shè)計(jì)成展現(xiàn)獨(dú)有視覺(jué)特色的平臺(tái)。機(jī)械設(shè)備和管道系統(tǒng)被移到了建筑內(nèi)部的其他位置，因此屋頂有空間容納一座寬敞的花園，原生態(tài)的野草從后張預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土板的屋面上冒了出來(lái)。春季，微風(fēng)徐徐，花朵從屋頂飄落；夏季，灑水器讓人誤以為是在下雨?！酰ㄍ蹙?譯）

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶(hù)/Client: 蘭實(shí)大學(xué)藝術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)系、數(shù)字藝術(shù)系、建筑系/Faculty of Art and Design, Faculty of Digital Art, and Faculty of Architecture at Rangsit University

場(chǎng)地面積/Site Area: 550m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 1500m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2011

攝影/Photos: Wison Tungthunya

3 延伸至校園內(nèi)的幕墻/Screen walls reach out to the campus

4 如同店面一般的長(zhǎng)展廊/Store-like "Long Gallery"

The Patana Gallery is a gathering space for architects, designers, and artists at Rangsit University, 30 minutes north of Bangkok. This 3-storey building occupies a 550 square-meter footprint in front of the original 9-storey Art & Design, Architecture, and Digital Art building on campus and is directly connected to it on the first and third floors. Because the Patana Gallery acts as a main artery to existing classrooms and lecture halls, ideas of pedestrian movement and environmental interaction directed our design process. Formally, the building is a large graphic box; a container for the work and activities of the students. A spacious outdoor walkway cuts through the building, serving as a main artery for students, instructors, staff, and visitors. This walkway is surrounded by glassenclosed gallery spaces (as well as other informal gathering spaces), making the pedestrian experience is both active and aesthetic. The building is equally divided between conditioned space and unconditioned shelter. Gathering natural breezes and providing shade were primary design priorities since we wanted the students to spend their free time within the public spaces of the building.

The ideas of movement, ventilation, and spatial fluidity also inform our choice of materials. A skin of double-layered powder coated expanded steel mesh lightly envelopes the building. The screen is black on one side and white on the other, exaggerating the resulting moiré pattern that dances and walks with you as you move through the space. Depending on your relationship to the building (whether at ground level, above, direct or diagonally) this skin takes on varying levels of translucency and color-at times black, at times, white, at times, grey.

The steel structure is chosen primarily for two reasons-swift construction (total construction time is 8 months, per request of the client) and visual slenderness. All walls are framed with lightweight steel members to further reduce the dead loads on the structure. The steel wide flange structure is regular and rhythmic, reinforcing this idea of a simple container. Lateral brace frames are hidden within the walls, except at the staircase; the single diagonal line in the building, which pulls s the main circulation up and down past the gallery spaces. Here, the cross bracing is moved to the edge of the building skin and is configured to do double duty as the stair stringer. Mid span joints at columns are unavoidable given the floor spacing of the existing building. Rather than wasting material, we use the joints as an opportunity to create small eye level niches on the first floor.

Since the building is much lower than its neighbors, we considered the roof as a fifth facade and designed it as such. Mechanical and plumbing systems were located in other parts of the building leaving the roof free for a generous garden of wild, indigenous grasses. In the spring, on a breezy day, flowers fall from the roof, and in the summer the sprinklers make you think it’s raining.□

5.6 可遮蔽烈日和暴雨的聚會(huì)空間/Gathering space protected from harsh sun and intense rain

評(píng)論

郝琳：都市的裝置

這樣的建筑，理解為街道裝置，反倒容易體會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)的匠心。我對(duì)泰國(guó)都市建筑的印象異常模糊，大概是因?yàn)?，在地建筑，不論與河流還是街道的關(guān)系，總不算直截了當(dāng)，而是層層相迭。這樣的好處是，在濕熱的氣候下，可以遮陽(yáng)、通風(fēng)，并確保隱私。這棟建筑，是使這樣的環(huán)境、功能、藝術(shù)互動(dòng)，乃至將泰的性格內(nèi)置化了。外部的鋪陳，對(duì)比于傳統(tǒng)，反而表達(dá)為清晰的界定、巨大的尺度和濃重的工業(yè)感與臨時(shí)性。穿越建筑的同時(shí)，可以洞察藝術(shù)、間或休憩。但是，那樣的一道幾何式、宣言式，并且頗為炙熱的金屬漁網(wǎng)墻，與街道和都市對(duì)話(huà)，抑或?qū)梗埔龀銮懈钆c保護(hù)的姿態(tài)。如此的量體和臨界性本身，不做勇敢的藝術(shù)考量，反倒奇怪呢？

范路：奢侈的通廊

帕塔納畫(huà)廊更像一條奢侈的通廊。連通舊教學(xué)樓的簡(jiǎn)單道路，變成了精彩日常生活的舞臺(tái)。小型美術(shù)館讓通道從中心穿過(guò)。它不僅貢獻(xiàn)出1/3的面積，還讓自己成為櫥窗，用展品和內(nèi)部活動(dòng)裝飾通道。通高的金屬帷幕不僅過(guò)濾風(fēng)雨陽(yáng)光，其雙層交疊的紋理還隨穿行者變幻跳躍。通往三層的樓梯，以斜線(xiàn)激活了平直的空間，更用建構(gòu)方式整合了兩側(cè)的展廊。屋頂種植成為高處觀(guān)者的視覺(jué)綠洲，也為通廊留下四季變化的痕跡。簡(jiǎn)潔方正是通廊的外形，豐富生活是通廊的奢侈。

Comments

HAO Lin: An Urban Installation

This building can be seen as an urban installation. My impression of Thai urban architecture is one of mystery. It seems a typical Thai approach to building, no matter whether it is along a riverfront or in a lane, is never straightforward and always involves overlapping layers. The benefit of such a design strategy is that these layers shade the building effectively, promote natural ventilation in the hot and humid climate and also ensure a level of privacy. This building internalizes all these qualities and encourages interaction between environment, program, art and even the Thai character. But its exterior, working against the tradition, defines a clear boundary, has a monolithic scale and expresses a sense of temporality and the industrial. Going through the building, one can either appreciate the art, or simply a relax. With its geometric, declarative-and undoubtedly scorchingsteel mesh screen, does the building intend to enter a dialogue with its surroundings, or it is actually on the defensive? Given that it goes this far, why wouldn't the gallery have produced an even bolder and more meaningful manifesto?

FAN Lu: Luxurious Walkway

The Phathana Gallery resembles a luxurious walkway. A simple street connecting old school buildings is a wonderful arena of everyday life and this small art gallery is given a street-like passage through its center. The passage not only takes up 1/3 of the building footprint, it also allows opportunities to provide windows onto the exhibits and activities of the gallery.The tall metal curtain filters rain and sun. Its doublelayered texture changes shape and jumps alongside the passers-by. The stair leading to the second floor further activates this linear space by introducing a diagonal line. The stair also integrates both sides of the gallery with a constructive approach. The planted roof becomes a visual oasis when seen from above, creating traces of the changing seasons in this urban context. Though the shape of the corridor is simple and orthogonal, a rich life is represented by the sheer luxury of the passage.

Patana Gallery, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand, 2012

Architects: Studiomake

7 首層平面/Floor 0 plan

8 二層平面/Floor 1 plan

9 剖面/Section