張禮華 秦灝
摘要:以泵站開(kāi)機(jī)機(jī)組耗電費(fèi)用最少為目標(biāo)函數(shù),各時(shí)段機(jī)組開(kāi)機(jī)流量為決策變量,提水水量為約束條件,建立了受潮汐影響的長(zhǎng)江沿岸中小型提水泵站優(yōu)化運(yùn)行模型,并采用大系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)選優(yōu)方法進(jìn)行求解。研究結(jié)果表明:在特定的潮汐和分時(shí)電價(jià)條件下,沿江工況不可調(diào)泵站開(kāi)機(jī)方式主要受分時(shí)電價(jià)影響,在高電價(jià)時(shí)應(yīng)適當(dāng)減少開(kāi)機(jī)流量,低電價(jià)時(shí)應(yīng)適當(dāng)加大開(kāi)機(jī)流量,以減少機(jī)組運(yùn)行費(fèi)用。研究結(jié)果可以為受潮汐影響的提水泵站優(yōu)化管理運(yùn)行提供參考。
關(guān)鍵詞:提水泵站;試驗(yàn)選優(yōu);動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃;優(yōu)化運(yùn)行
中圖分類號(hào):TV 675 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1672-1683(2014)01-0135-03
我國(guó)長(zhǎng)江下游沿岸有著數(shù)量眾多的中小型提水泵站,從運(yùn)行管理的角度出發(fā),這些泵站大都采用半調(diào)節(jié)或無(wú)調(diào)節(jié)水泵,可視為工況不可調(diào)機(jī)組,其基本運(yùn)行特點(diǎn)是在一定的揚(yáng)程條件下,出流量為定值,且長(zhǎng)江潮汐的變化對(duì)泵站運(yùn)行流量、效率有著直接的影響。近年來(lái),不少專家和學(xué)者對(duì)泵站選型、優(yōu)化運(yùn)行方式進(jìn)行了大量的研究,取得了豐碩的成果[1-5],但結(jié)合分時(shí)電價(jià),針對(duì)長(zhǎng)江沿岸工況不可調(diào)機(jī)組的優(yōu)化運(yùn)行方式開(kāi)展研究尚不多見(jiàn)。
目前,試驗(yàn)選優(yōu)方法已在大型泵站選型與優(yōu)化調(diào)節(jié)[7-9]、灌區(qū)輸配水控制方式[10-11]、地面水與地下水聯(lián)合調(diào)度[12]、水閘規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)[13]、草葉產(chǎn)量的預(yù)估[14]等方面得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。但較少見(jiàn)到該方法應(yīng)用于中小型提水泵站的優(yōu)化。本文
擬根據(jù)中小型提水泵站工況不可調(diào)的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合長(zhǎng)江潮汐變化,考慮分時(shí)電價(jià),采用大系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)選優(yōu)方法對(duì)這些泵站運(yùn)行方式進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,為受潮汐影響的長(zhǎng)江沿岸中小型泵站運(yùn)行管理提供參考。
3 結(jié)語(yǔ)
本文針對(duì)長(zhǎng)江沿岸中小型提水泵站工況不可調(diào)的特點(diǎn),在滿足一定提水水量要求的條件下,采用大系統(tǒng)試驗(yàn)選優(yōu)方法,對(duì)工況不可調(diào)提水泵站群進(jìn)行了開(kāi)機(jī)方式的優(yōu)化,尋求最小的開(kāi)機(jī)費(fèi)用。根據(jù)優(yōu)化結(jié)果,在設(shè)定的潮汐和分時(shí)電價(jià)條件下,長(zhǎng)江沿岸工況不可調(diào)泵站群開(kāi)機(jī)方式受電價(jià)影響較大,受潮汐影響較?。辉跐M足水量要求的前提下,高電價(jià)時(shí),應(yīng)選擇小流量開(kāi)機(jī)方式,低電價(jià)時(shí),應(yīng)充分調(diào)動(dòng)提水動(dòng)力以降低運(yùn)行費(fèi)用。
我國(guó)長(zhǎng)江沿岸提水泵站數(shù)量眾多,且大多為工況不可調(diào)機(jī)組,本文對(duì)這些地區(qū)提水泵站機(jī)組的優(yōu)化運(yùn)行,具有一定的借鑒意義。
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