延河之戀

劉白羽1916年出生于北京的一個封建沒落的大家庭?？谷諔?zhàn)爭爆發(fā)后，他歷盡了千辛萬苦到達(dá)革命圣地延安，得到毛澤東主席、周恩來副主席的接見，從此開始了他真正的革命生涯。

劉白羽進(jìn)了邊區(qū)文協(xié)。也就是在文協(xié)工作的這些日子里，劉白羽的心被丘比特之箭射中了。

有一次在邊區(qū)文協(xié)的大窯洞里開會，劉白羽負(fù)責(zé)會務(wù)，他正張羅著會務(wù)，看見一個身穿灰色制服的青年女兵進(jìn)來，很純樸很大方的樣子。他眼睛一亮，主動上去打招呼，開會時便坐在一起，彼此說了許多話，如同老朋友一樣，散會后竟然覺得還有許多話要說，但只好分手，劉白羽把她送到坪場上，看著她走下盤山路，向延安城方向走去，心里充滿著從未有過的幸福。

她就是汪琦，當(dāng)時正在延安的一個支部工作，同是火熱的青春，同是忘我的激情。

爾后劉白羽與汪琦又見過幾次面，每次都感覺那么新鮮和溫暖。劉白羽知道他是愛上汪琦了。汪琦也無法掩飾對劉白羽的喜歡，但彼此只是心照不宣，尚未來得及表白，卻面臨著離別。

組織上批準(zhǔn)了劉白羽到敵后去打仗的請求，而且不日出發(fā)。這本來是滿足了劉白羽的愿望。但他不忍心讓汪琦遭受這種痛苦，于是只好把愛情壓在心底，不去向她表白。心有靈犀的汪琦覺察到了感情的波動，她以送同事為由，到兵站為劉白羽送行，默默地握手，殷殷地告別，相顧無言，惟有愛意盈懷……

然而事有湊巧，到達(dá)太行山之后，組織上決定讓劉白羽和當(dāng)時在太行山上負(fù)貴宣傳工作的陳荒煤一起為朱德總司令寫傳記。劉白羽沒去成前線，對朱德總司令進(jìn)行了一段時間的采訪之后，中央讓他回延安去寫，于是劉白羽在經(jīng)過幾個月的闊別之后又回到延安，回到延河邊上。

回到延安后，劉白羽先到丁玲處，不想?yún)s在那里見到了汪琦，驚喜與激動一同涌上心頭，相互間的一顰一笑，心靈深處都隨之激動，但在公眾場合卻羞于表達(dá)，一向?qū)Ω星槎床烨锖恋亩×岙?dāng)時竟未發(fā)覺這兩個年輕人火熱的情感。還未來得及細(xì)說離別之情，丁玲、艾思奇和汪琦就要到魯迅藝術(shù)學(xué)院去參加一個晚會。劉白羽想讓汪琦留下來，可又不好說出口，只好讓她去了，而汪琦那天晚上并未去參加晚會，而是孤獨(dú)地一個人回到宿舍，心中無限惆悵，卻又無法表達(dá)。

偶然的相遇與痛苦的離別使這兩個熱血青年感到愛情的力量，他們無法再掩飾了。

當(dāng)時汪琦住大砭溝，劉白羽住在楊家?guī)X，中間正好隔著延河，劉白羽幾乎每天都到汪琦那里去。他們兩人面對清澈的延河水，有說不完的話。直到幾年后，蔡暢還跟他們開玩笑說：“我和(李)富春天天站在楊家?guī)X山頭上看著你們倆，你送她一遭，她又送你一回，親密得真像一對親兄妹。”

很快，劉白羽與汪琦結(jié)婚了，結(jié)婚那天晚上很熱鬧，當(dāng)時在延安的眾多文人學(xué)士幾乎全到了。丁玲、艾思奇、柯仲平等人顯得活潑而又年輕，吳玉章還講了話。在一片歡聲笑語之后，劉白羽和汪琦在眾人的簇?fù)硐律钋榈匚橇藢Ψ?，這一吻記下了他們兩人的甜蜜愛情，也開始了他們50多年的伉儷旅程。

愛在征程

又是春天，寒意尚未褪盡，當(dāng)時任中央軍委副主席的周恩來派人通知劉白羽到他那里去一趟。周副主席略表寒暄后說：“我今天找你來是想跟你商量一件事，中央想調(diào)你去重慶工作，與何其芳同志一起去，介紹延安文藝座談會上的講話，介紹整風(fēng)運(yùn)動，然后你就留在《新華日報》工作。”

去重慶工作不成問題，只是要與汪琦分別，有點舍不得。劉白羽猶豫再三，還是向組織上提出能否與汪琦同去重慶。周副主席當(dāng)即批評了劉白羽，但人情味十足的周副主席仍安排汪琦來給他送行。到重慶后，劉白羽很快就把離愁別緒拋到腦后。

劉白羽經(jīng)常收到汪琦的來信和托人捎來的包裹，后來才知道那都是周副主席有意安排的。

在《新華日報》工作以后，劉白羽一個最親密的同事是后來成為著名革命史學(xué)家的胡繩。有一次胡繩告訴劉白羽說紅巖那邊打電話來讓他去一趟。紅巖，當(dāng)時是重慶的紅色根據(jù)地。劉白羽繞道急行至紅巖，徑直走到私交甚密的榮高棠屋里。榮高棠后來主掌中國體壇帥印，威望殊高。榮高棠一見到劉白羽詭秘地一笑，指著隔壁說：“你看那是誰?”話音未落，汪琦從門里走出來，臉紅撲撲的，腳步輕盈。劉白羽驚喜異常，要不是榮高棠在場，他肯定會把汪琦抱起來。接著林默涵、韋明、周而復(fù)也出現(xiàn)了。原來是南方局批準(zhǔn)再從延安調(diào)幾個人過來。周副主席和鄧穎超一直牽掛著兩地分居的劉白羽和汪琦，于是就派汪琦也來做《新華日報》的記者。爾后的幾年時間，劉白羽與汪琦的愛情從延河轉(zhuǎn)移到嘉陵江邊。

在重慶最激動人心的事情還是毛澤東、周恩來與王若飛等中共高級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人親自到重慶與蔣介石進(jìn)行和平談判。劉白羽與汪琦當(dāng)時都是《新華日報》的主要記者，他們參加了幾乎所有的重大和談活動，包括到機(jī)場迎送毛主席等許多感人的場面。汪琦很能干，當(dāng)時沒有汽車，她就憑兩條腿在重慶城里跑來跑去地采訪，發(fā)表了大量新聞和通訊。

重慶談判不久，毛主席親自點將，讓劉白羽到北平軍調(diào)處執(zhí)行部去做記者，劉白羽只好再與汪琦在重慶分別。送劉白羽去機(jī)場的時候，汪琦一直眼淚汪汪的。

劉白羽在北平并沒有停留多久，就根據(jù)部隊的安排去了東北，然后根據(jù)組織安排取道北平去延安寫一本介紹東北革命武裝力量的著作，其時汪琦已隨《新華日報》搬到了上海。在延安完成初稿后，劉白羽就快馬加鞭趕到上海與汪琦團(tuán)聚。在上海，劉白羽整改好他從延安帶來的書稿，就是那本在當(dāng)時引起巨大轟動的《環(huán)行東北》，這其中也有汪琦的功勞，她幫助劉白羽抄稿、校對，在生活上照顧丈夫……

完成《環(huán)行東北》時間不長，劉白羽和汪琦接到周恩來副主席的命令開赴南京。周副主席當(dāng)時住在梅園新村。劉白羽和汪琦到達(dá)梅園接受周副主席親口指示：“白羽，我考慮你有兩個地方可以去，或者到香港去繼續(xù)做文化界的統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)工作，或者到解放區(qū)去?！?/p>

在當(dāng)時的情況下有一些人想方設(shè)法到香港去躲避戰(zhàn)爭，可劉白羽一聽周副主席的話，毫不猶豫地說：“我回解放區(qū)去?！?/p>

周副主席欣慰地笑了。劉白羽已不是延安時期的劉白羽，他更加成熟了，成為了一個真正的革命者。幾天之后，劉白羽與汪琦一同飛往北平，見到葉劍英同志，轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)了周副主席的意見，接著即赴東北三省，在那里度過了他們一生中最難忘的一段時光。

戰(zhàn)爭與愛情

到達(dá)哈爾濱后，劉白羽做了新華社隨軍記者，汪琦到《東北日報》做記者，雖然當(dāng)時新華社與東北日報社一起辦公，但由于經(jīng)常外出采訪，劉白羽與汪琦在一起的時間很少。汪琦常跑北線，有一段時間就住在佳木斯，而劉白羽則隨作戰(zhàn)部隊四處奔波。剛到東北不久，劉白羽在一次騎馬時被馬掀翻，重重地摔到地上。那時劉白羽身上背著一臺康泰可斯牌照相機(jī)，正好卡在他的腰間，傷勢很重，只好躺上擔(dān)架。當(dāng)時汪琦遠(yuǎn)在佳木斯，無法照料劉白羽，他只好靠部隊的簡單治療，自己與傷痛作斗爭。經(jīng)過一段時間的休養(yǎng)，劉白羽能下床了，部隊安排他到佳木斯繼續(xù)治療。劉白羽坐馬車冒著嚴(yán)寒來到佳木斯，汪琦外出采訪了，劉白羽就到汪琦屋里倒頭睡下。汪琦回來，一見劉白羽，驚喜地問：“你怎么回來了?”看見又黑又瘦的她，劉白羽心疼地握著她冰冷的手。當(dāng)他們熱烈擁抱在一起的時候，劉白羽突然“哎喲”一聲，原來汪琦用勁過大，弄疼了他的傷口。

劉白羽沒在佳木斯住多久就又和汪琦分手了。在東北的那幾年，他倆不知有多少次在哈爾濱的霽虹橋上分別，那種離情別緒有時是非常折磨人的，因為每一次分手都可能是永別，尤其是劉白羽，因為要到戰(zhàn)場上去直接采訪，隨時面對死亡……

的確，劉白羽的采訪像作戰(zhàn)一樣，以戰(zhàn)壕為陣地，寫出了不少真實的新聞稿件。他在采訪之余還寫了好幾篇非常優(yōu)秀的小說，像他的代表作《無敵三勇士》《政治委員》等都是寫于那個戰(zhàn)火紛飛的年代，都是在《東北日報》上以整版的篇幅發(fā)表的，這其中當(dāng)然有汪琦的心血，是她用愛情的甘甜支持著劉白羽那支文采飛揚(yáng)的豪情之筆。

在戰(zhàn)爭年代，通信是非常困難的。接到信時往往遲于寫信人的落款時間幾個月之多。有一次劉白羽滿懷欣喜地拆開一封汪琦的信，一看是幾個月前寫的，信的內(nèi)容告訴他汪琦懷孕了，自己快要做爸爸了。劉白羽推算了一下時間，汪琦快要生產(chǎn)了，而這時劉白羽還遠(yuǎn)在四平，他決定馬上回哈爾濱，汪琦需要他。劉白羽歷盡周折，趕到哈爾濱《東北日報》一問，果然汪琦已經(jīng)臨產(chǎn)住進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。劉白羽踏過霽虹橋，來到醫(yī)院產(chǎn)房門口，這時孩子已經(jīng)誕生，劉白羽看到的是汪琦臉上那種母親的微笑，她緩緩地說：“生得很順利?！眲子鸶械嚼⒕魏拓?zé)任，他抱著他們的孩子濱濱，看了又看，這是他和汪琦8年的愛情結(jié)晶??！

解放戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束的時候，劉白羽另有任務(wù)要到北平工作，汪琦也從《東北日報》調(diào)到《人民日報》新聞部，繼續(xù)做記者。朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)后，劉白羽被派到前線去做隨軍記者，發(fā)回了大量報道中朝人民軍隊抗擊侵略者的消息。

歲月無情

新中國成立后的幾年時間里，劉白羽與汪琦都在北京工作，算是過了幾年的安穩(wěn)日子，但很快一場突如其來的災(zāi)難臨頭了。

他們的愛子濱濱從哈爾濱呱呱墜地，一直跟隨著汪琦，聰明伶俐，給夫妻倆帶來無窮的歡樂。一天，劉白羽突然接到濱濱寄宿的小學(xué)打來的電話，說濱濱病了，讓家長趕緊去學(xué)校。劉白羽趕到學(xué)校，一摸濱濱的臉，燒得燙人，送往醫(yī)院一檢查：猩紅熱。經(jīng)過緊張治療，才脫離了危險。然而這只是災(zāi)難的序曲。有一天他們突然發(fā)現(xiàn)濱濱又在發(fā)燒，到醫(yī)院一檢查，醫(yī)生說是風(fēng)濕性心臟病，當(dāng)時阜外醫(yī)院的著名心臟病專家黃宛告訴劉白羽：“這孩子得的是風(fēng)濕性心臟病，已經(jīng)到了晚期……能活到20歲就不錯了，現(xiàn)在要絕對臥床休息?！睘I濱在病床上一躺就是幾年，劉白羽和汪琦想盡了辦法，但當(dāng)時實在是無計可施。劉白羽由于經(jīng)常熬夜寫作，患了嚴(yán)重的神經(jīng)官能癥。然而就是在這種情況下，他發(fā)表了那篇著名的散文《長江三日》，后來被收進(jìn)中學(xué)語文課本，一直沿用到現(xiàn)在，至少有幾代人從中領(lǐng)略到了祖國山河的壯美和人民不屈的精神，可是讀者哪里知道劉白羽那時家庭的不幸以及他個人的疾病呢？

命運(yùn)是無情的，濱濱的病終于沒能治好，這個可愛的小生命離劉白羽和汪琦而去了……

終于，劉白羽的病好轉(zhuǎn)了，汪琦也被繁忙的工作占去了所有的時間，暫時忘卻了失子的悲哀。然而不久“文革”開始了，他們的生活也隨著民族的命運(yùn)被卷進(jìn)一場浩劫之中。

汪琦在《人民日報》先是做普通記者，后來擔(dān)任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工作，歷任新聞部副主任、主任。這樣一位資深記者卻被陳伯達(dá)等人認(rèn)為是反對江青的現(xiàn)行反革命，聲討、批斗之后發(fā)配到干校去勞動改造。倔強(qiáng)的汪琦從未向江青反革命集團(tuán)低過頭，為此她吃盡苦頭，在干校里甚至要去干連男同志都甚感吃力的活。這時的劉白羽已經(jīng)自身難保，更談不上保護(hù)汪琦了，他被關(guān)到地安門附近的一個干校里，一關(guān)就是7年，與汪琦音訊隔絕，彼此都不知是死是活，只能在心里暗暗地禱念對方平安。后來還是在周總理的關(guān)懷下他們才得以見面……

劉白羽長期做部隊的文化工作，直到上世紀(jì)80年代初才退下來，汪琦也干到很晚才退休。但他們沒有休息。汪琦協(xié)助劉白羽制定了一個最后10年的寫作計劃：第一部是朱德同志的傳記《大海》，第二部是劉白羽的自傳，第三部是劉白羽根據(jù)他在朝鮮戰(zhàn)場上的經(jīng)歷寫成的一部長篇小說。其中第二部就是《心靈的歷程》，在1995年9月，與鄧小平的女兒毛毛的《我的父親鄧小平》在全國名人傳記評選中同時名列前茅。但是，萬萬沒想到正在劉白羽寫著這部書的時候，1994年2月8日，汪琦因為心肌梗塞告別人世，沒能看到這部書問世。當(dāng)時劉白羽幾乎無法承受那種失去愛侶的悲哀，一度因為對汪琦的思念而放棄了寫作?！?/p>

Romance of Writer and His Wife

By Zhang Senfeng

Liu Baiyu (1916-2005) was born in Beijing into a big family that went down in the world. The 20-year-old man established himself as a writer in 1936 when he published a short story that exposed the seamy sides of the old-time military and when his first collection of six short stories was compiled by Ba Jin and published. In 1938， a year after the Chinese Resistant War against Japanese Aggression broke out in full strength， the writer came to Yan’an， the central revolutionary base of the Communists. He met with Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai， prominent revolutionary leaders， thus marking the beginning of his career as a revolutionary.

The young writer was assigned to work for the literary association of the revolutionary base. Then one day he met Wang Qi at a meeting of the literary association. He was dazzled by the young woman dressed in the gray army uniform. It was love at first sight. They sat together for the meeting and then they chatted for a long while afterwards. A few years later they got married. The wedding was attended by a lot of prominent literary figures in the literary circles in Yan’an. During these years， Liu Baiyu further established himself as a journalist. He wrote feature stories as well as short stories and reportages on the revolutionaries.

In the spring of 1944， Liu Baiyu was assigned to work in Chongqing， then the China’s war-time capital. He was most reluctant to leave his wife behind， but he went to Chongqing anyway. He was assigned to report to the communists and other people concerned in Chongqing the key cultural and political events in Yan’an. After the assignment was done， he worked as a journalist for Xinhua Daily， a newspaper run by the Communists made possible by the united front against Japanese invaders. One day， Liu received a call. He was asked to come over immediately to Red Rock， where the Communists delegation was headquartered. To his big surprise， he saw his wife Wang Qi， who had just arrived from Yan’an to join the staff of Xinhua Daily， thanks to the care and arrangement of Zhou Enlai.

On August 28， 1945， Mao Zedong came to Chongqing to negotiate with Chiang Kai-shek for a peaceful new China. Liu and Wang covered the negotiation closely and reported all the important events and activities. After the Chongqing negotiation， Mao Zedong instructed Liu to work as a journalist in Beiping at the cease-fire committee headed by General George Marshall. Liu went to Beiping alone.

He stayed in Beiping only for a short while. He went to the Northeast and then went back to Yan’an to write a book about the Communist-led military force in the Northeast. With the first draft completed， Liu came to Shanghai to join his wife， who had moved with Xinhua Daily to Shanghai. Liu Baiyu finalized his manuscript in Shanghai with the aid of his wife. The book， “My Travel through Northeast”， caused a sensation across China.

Shortly after the completion of the book， the couple was summoned to Nanjing by Zhou Enlai， who headed the Communist mission in the capital of China. Zhou gave Liu Baiyu two alternatives: go to Hong Kong to work with cultural and literary people there or go back to the one of the liberated areas under the control of the Communists. Without hesitation， Liu chose to join the Communists.

A few days later the couple flew to Beiping and met Ye Jianying， who headed the Communists at the cease-fire mission， and related Zhou’s instruction. Then the couple went directly to the Northeast， where the People’s Liberation Army grew rapidly. The couple arrived at Ha’erbin， a central city in Northeast， where the husband worked as a Xinhua News Agency journalist embedded with the PLA whereas the wife worked for Northeast Daily. Though the two news organizations worked in the same office building， the couple had separate jobs and separate assignments. Liu traveled to the battle front frequently whereas Wang traveled extensively， too. But the two still managed to get together and work together. During the war years in the Northeast， Liu covered the war extensively and found time to write short stories， which often appeared in full pages of Northeast Daily.

During these years， letters between the two often took months to travel and reach the recipients. Liu Baiyu one day received a letter， learning that his wife was pregnant and he would soon be a father. The letter was dated a few months earlier. He counted the time and concluded that his wife was about to labor. So he hurried back to Ha’erbin only to find that Wang had been in the hospital. By the time he finally reached the hospital， the baby son had been born.

When the Liberation War was about to end successfully， Liu was transferred to work in Beijing and his wife Wang Qi came to Beijing to work as a journalist for People’s Daily. After the Korean War broke out， Liu Baiyu went to the battle front again as a military journalist.

In the first few years in Beijing， the couple at last lived in peace and enjoyed life. However， their first son became ill. The junior was struck down with scarlet fever and then with rheumatic heart disease. The boy died young.

In 1961， Liu Baiyu published his famous essay “Three Days on the Yangtze River”. The whole nation was fascinated by his poetic description of the country’s greatest river. It has been in a middle school textbook for decades.

During the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976)， the couple was persecuted. Liu Baiyu was imprisoned for seven years. Shortly after the ten-year tumult， Liu and his wife retired. Wang Qi helped the husband make a ten-year plan. He was to write three books: a biography of Zhu De (1886-1976)， an autobiography， and a novel based on his war experience in Korea. Wang Qi did not live to see the publication of her husband’s autography. She passed away on February 8， 1994. Liu Baiyu passed in 2005 at the age of 89. □