湖南省新寧金石中學(xué) 姚小玲供稿

初中階段要掌握的30個日常交際項目：

1.Greetings問候

a.Good morning/afternoon/evening.

Hello/Hi.

How are you?

b.Fine,thank you,And you?

Very well,thank you.

2.Introductions介紹

a.This is Mr/Mrs/Miss/Comrade....

b.How do you do?

Nice/Glad to see/meet you.

c.My name is....

I’m a student/worker etc.(here).

3.Farewells告別

a.I think it’s time for me to leave now.

b.Goodbye!(Bye-bye!Bye!)

See you later/tomorrow.(See you.)Good night.

4.Making telephone calls打電話

a.Hello!May I speak to...?

Is that...(speaking)?

b.Hold on,please.

He/She isn’t here right now.

Can I take a message for you?

c.I called to tell/ask you...

d.Goodbye.

5.Thanks and responses感謝和應(yīng)答

a.Thank you(very much).

Thanks a lot.

Many thanks.

Thanks for...

b.Not at all.

That’s all right.

You’re welcome.

6.Good wishes,congratulations,re

sponses祝愿，祝賀和應(yīng)答

a.Good luck!

Best wishes to you.

Have a nice/good time.

Congratulations!

c.Thank you.

d.Happy New Year!

Merry Christmas!

Happy birthday to you.

e.The same to you.

7.Intentions意愿

I’m going to...

I will...

I’d like to...

I want/hope to...

8.Apologies and responses道歉和應(yīng)答

a.I’m sorry.(Sorry.)

I’m sorry for/about...

Excuse me.

b.That’s all right.

It doesn’t matter.

That’s nothing.

9.Regrets and sympathy遺憾和同情

What a pity!

I’m sorry to hear...

10.Invitations and responses邀請和

應(yīng)答

a.Will you come to...?

Would you like to...?

b.Yes,I’d love to...

Yes,it’s very kind/nice of you.

c.I’d love to,but...

11.Offers and responses提供 （幫助

等）和應(yīng)答

a.Can I help you?

What can I do for you?

Here,take this/my...

Let me...for you.

Would you like some...?

b.Thanks.That would be nice/fine.

Thank you for your help.

Yes,please.

c.No,thanks/thank you.

That’s very kind of you,but...

12.Asking for permission and res

ponses請求允許和應(yīng)答

a.May I...?

Can/Could I...?

b.Yes/Certainly.

Yes,do please.

Of course(you may).

That’s OK/all right.

c.I’m sorry,but...

You’d better not.

13.Expressing agreement and dis

agreement表示同意和不同意

a.Certainly/Sure/Of course.

Yes,please.

Yes,I think so.

b.That’s true/OK.

That’s a good idea.

I agree(with you).

c.No,I don’t think so.

I’m afraid not.

I really can’t agree with you.

14.Expressing certainty and uncer

tainty表示肯定和不肯定

a.I’m sure.

I’m sure(that)...

b.I’m not sure.

I’m not sure whether/if...

c.Maybe/Perhaps

15.Likes and dislikes喜好和厭惡

a.I like/love...(very much).

I like/love to...

b.I don’t like(to)...

I hate(to)...

16.Talking about the weather談?wù)撎鞖?/p>

a.What’s the weather like today?

How’s the weather in...?

b.It’s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy,etc.

It’s rather warm/cold/hot/etc.today,

isn’t it?

17.Shopping購物

a.What can I do for you?

May/Can I help you?

b.I want/I’d like...

How much is it?

That’s too much/expensive,I’m afraid.

That’s fine.I’ll take it.

Let me have...kilo/box,etc.

c.How many/much do you want?

What colour/size/kind do you want?

d.Do you have any other kind/size/colour,

etc.?

18.Asking the way and responses問路和應(yīng)答

a.Excuse me.Where’s the men’s/ladies’

room?

Excuse me,can you tell me the way to...?

How can I get to...?I don’t know the way.

b.Go down this street.

Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.

It’s about...meters from here.

19.Asking the time or date and re

sponses問時間或日期和應(yīng)答

a.What day is(it)today?

What’s the date today?

What time is it?

What’s the time,please?

b.It’s Monday/Tuesday,etc.

It’s January 10th.

Its five o’clock/half past five/a quarter

to five/five thirty,etc.

It’s time for...

20.Requests請求

a.Can/Could you...for me?

Will/Would you please...?

May I have...?

b.Please give/pass me...

Please wait(here/a moment).

Please wait for your turn.

Please stand in line/line up.

Please hurry.

c.Don’t rush/crowd.

No noise,please.

No smoking,please.

21.Advice and suggestions勸告和建議

a.You’d better...

You should...

You need(to)...

b.Shall we...?

Let’s...

What/How about...?

22.Prohibition and warnings禁止和警告

a.You can’t/mustn’t...

If you...,you’ll...

b.Take care!

Be careful!

Look out!

23.Expressing certain emotions表示

感情

a.Pleasure,joy喜悅

I’m glad/pleased/happy to...

That’s nice.

That’s wonderful/great.

b.Anxiety焦慮

What’s wrong?

What’s the matter(with you)?

I’m/He’s/She’s worried.

Oh,what shall I/we do?

c.Surprise驚奇

Really? Oh dear? Is that so?

24.Taking meals就餐

a.What would you like to have?

Would you like something to eat/drink?

b.I’d like...

Would you like some more...?

Help yourself to some...

c.Thank you.I’ve had enough/Just a little,please.

25.Making appointments約會

a.Are you free this afternoon/evening?

How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/

evening?

Shall we meet at 4:30 at...?

b.Yes,that’s all right.

Yes,I’ll be free then.

c.No,I won’t be free then.

But I’ll be free...

a.All right.See you then.

26.Passing on a message傳遞信息

a.Will you please give this note/message to...?

b....asked me to give you this note.

c.Thanks for the message.

27.Seeing the doctor看病

a.There’s something wrong with...

I’ve got a cough.

I feel terrible(bad).

I don’t feel well.

I’ve got a pain here.

This place hurts.

b.Take this medicine three times a day.

Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.

It’s nothing serious.

You’ll be all right/well soon.

28.Calling for help求救

a.Help!

b.What’s the matter?

29.Language difficulties語言困難

Pardon.

Please say that again/more slowly.

What do you mean by...?

I’m sorry I can’t follow you.

I’m sorry I know only a little English.

30.Some common signs and instructions常見的標(biāo)志說明

BUSINESS HOURS/FRAGILE/OFFICE

HOURS/THIS SIDE UP/OPEN/MENU/

CLOSED/NO SMOKING/PULL/NO

PARKING/PUSH/NO PHOTOS/ON

DANGER!/OFF/PLAY/ENTRANCE

STOP/EXIT/PAUSE/INSTRUCTIONS

做這類題目的思路和方法歸納起來有以下九點：

1.要根據(jù)不同的情景，使用不同的表達(dá)法。

2.要正確判斷出對話的情景。

3.問話或答語不能離題。

4.用篩選法選擇正確對話。

5.從語意進(jìn)行判斷。

6.根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法進(jìn)行選擇。

7.答語要符合西方人的文化、風(fēng)俗和習(xí)慣。

8.要使用文明禮貌的語言。

9.要遵照口語交際特點，不要死套語法規(guī)則。

【中考范例】

（ ）1.—Would you like to go out for a walk with us?

—_________,but I must finish my homework first.

A.Of course not B.That’s all right

C.I’d love to D.Yes,I do

【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是如何婉拒別人的邀請。對方邀請你出去散步，但因為你要做家庭作業(yè)而婉言拒絕。符合這一情景的答語只有C。

（ ）2.—I haven’t seen Jack for three days.Is he ill?

—________.His mother told me that he was in hospital.

A.I am afraid so B.I hope not

C.I don’t expect D.I am afraid not

【解析】答案：A。該題考查的是如何回答別人的詢問。對方詢問某人是否有病，由于答話人已經(jīng)知道某人有病（從后一句答語可知），只能給出肯定回答。

（ ）3.—Thank you for your delicious dinner.

—__________.

A.Don’t say that

B.It’s nothing

C.I don’t think so

D.I’m glad you enjoyed it

【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是如何回答別人的感謝和贊揚。說英語國家的人在回答別人的感謝和贊揚時與中國人的習(xí)慣不同,他們不是自我謙虛，而是表示高興。

（ ）4.Turn the box over,please.Can’t you see the words“________”?

A.DANGER B.MENU

C.THIS SIDE UP D.FRAGILE

【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是常用英語標(biāo)志和說明。只有看到箱子上有“THIS SIDE UP”這樣的標(biāo)志，才能發(fā)現(xiàn)箱子放倒了，才會讓對方把箱子反過來。