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        球藥隔重樓的化學成分研究

        2011-03-16 17:13:15趙萬順高文遠黃賢校黃璐琦肖培根
        關鍵詞:中藥

        趙萬順,高文遠,黃賢校,黃璐琦,肖培根

        1天津中醫(yī)藥大學中藥學院,天津300193;2天津大學藥物科學與技術學院,天津300072; 3中國中醫(yī)研究院中藥研究所,北京100094;4中國醫(yī)學科學院藥用植物研究所,北京100700

        Introduction

        The genus Paris belongs to the family Liliaceae and is mainly distuibuted in the regions of Eurasia from the temperate zone to the tropics.There are 19 species of grown in southeast China,and many of them have been used as traditional Chinese medicine for a long time,such as Paris polyphylla Smith var.chinensis and P.polyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis[1].The rhizomes of genus Paris have been used not only as anti-cancer,anti-biotic,and anti-inflammatory drug but also to treat traumatic injuries,snake bite,abscess,parotitis,and mastitis.In the previous papers,we reported the isolation of a series of steroidal saponins from the roots of geuns Paris[2-5].However,the chemical constituents of P.fargesii Franch have not been investigated.As part of our chemical investigation on the plants of genus Paris,this paper presents the isolation and structural elucidation of eight compounds from the rhizomes Paris fargesii Franch,these compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

        Experimental

        General

        Melting points were determined on an X-4 melting point apparatus and are uncorrected.NMR spectrum was recorded on INOVA 500(Varian).The chemical shifts are represented as part per million(ppm)referenced to the residual solvent signal.Preparative HPLC (PHPLC)was carried out on an ODS-A column(25× 2 cm i.d.,YMC)with a JASCO RI-1530 intelligent refractive index detector.Silica gel(100-200,200-300 mesh,Qingdao Ocean Chemical Group Co.of China),YMC gel ODS-A,50 μm(YMC)and Sephadex LH-20 (Merck Co.)for column chromatography as well as silica gel GF254(Qingdao Ocean Chemical Group Co.of China)for TLC were used.

        Plant material

        The rhizomes of Paris fargesii Franch.were purchased from the Yunnan Province,People's Republic of China and was identified by Professor Wen-Yuan Gao(Tianjin University,China).A voucher specimen(no.200818)has been deposited in the School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology,Tianjin University,China.

        Extraction and Isolation

        The rhizomes of Paris fargesii Franch.(1.5 kg)were powdered and successively extracted three times with 95%and 65%EtOH under reflux and filtered.Evaporation of the solvent under reduced pressure.The extract was dissolved and suspended in H2O,and partitioned with petroleum ether,EtOAC and n-BuOH.The EtOAC fraction(10g)was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel using a CH2Cl2-CH3OH[100∶0-60∶40]step gradient system to provide twelve fractions which were further pruified by Sephadex LH-20 and recrystallization to afford compound 1(15 mg).The n-BuOH fraction was chromatographied on macroporous resin D101 eluted with a gradient mixture of EtOH–H2O(0∶100,30∶100,50∶50,70∶30,100∶0) to give five fractions(A—E).Fractions D(70%n-BuOH)was further isolated and purified through silica gel,ODS,and HPLC-ODS-A by elution with MeOH: H2O,leading to the isolation of compound 2(40 mg),3 (20 mg),4(15 mg),5(12 mg),6(13 mg),7(10 mg),and 8(10 mg).

        Identification

        Compound 1 White needle crystal,mp.138-140℃.1H NMR(CDCl3,500 MHz)δ:5.33(1H,br,s,H-6),3.52(1H,m,H-3).13C NMR(CDCl3,125 MHz) δ:37.0(C-1),31.4(C-2),71.6(C-3),42.1(C-4),140.5(C-5),121.5(C-6),31.8(C-7),31.8(C-8),50.0(C-9),36.3(C-10),20.9(C-11),39.6(C-12),42.1(C-13),56.2(C-14),24.1(C-15),28.0(C-16),55.8(C-17),11.6(C-18),19.2(C-19),36.0 (C-20),18.6(C-21),33.7(C-22),25.8(C-23),45.6(C-24),28.9(C-25),19.7(C-26),18.8(C-27),22.8(C-28),11.9(C-29).These spectral data were in agreement with those of β-sitosterol[6].

        Compound 2 White needle crystal,mp.196-200℃.1H NMR(C5D5N,500 MHz)δ:1.05(3H,s,CH3-19),1.20(3H,s,CH3-18),1.36(3H,s,CH3-26),1.58(3H,s,CH3-27),6.24(H,d,J=1.0 Hz,H-7).13C NMR(C5D5N,125 MHz)δ:38.3(C-1),68.5 (C-2),68.4(C-3),32.8(C-4),51.7(C-5),203.9 (C-6),122.0(C-7),166.5(C-8),34.7(C-9),39.0 (C-10),21.8(C-11),32.3(C-12),48.4(C-13),84.5(C-14),32.1(C-15),22.0(C-16),50.4(C-17),18.2(C-18),24.8(C-19),77.2(C-20),21.4 (C-21),77.8(C-22),27.8(C-23),43.0(C-24),69.9(C-25),30.3(C-26),30.5(C-27).This compound was identified as β-ecdysterone[7].

        Compound 3 White needle crystal,mp.266-267℃.1H NMR(C5D5N,500 MHz)δ:0.68(3H,d,J= 5.0 Hz,CH3-27),0.82(3H,s,CH3-18),1.06(3H,s,CH3-19),1.13(3H,s,J=7.0 Hz,CH3-21),5.31 (1H,brs,H-6),1.78(3H,d,J=6.5 Hz,CH3-Rha),5.06(3H,s,J=7.5 Hz,CH3-glc)and 6.40(3H,s,J =5.9 Hz,CH3-rha).13C NMR(C5D5N,125 MHz)δ: 37.3(C-1),30.0(C-2),78.0(C-3),38.8(C-4),140.7(C-5),121.5(C-6),32.0(C-7),31.6(C-8),50.1(C-9),36.9(C-10),20.9(C-11),39.6(C-12),40.2(C-13),56.4(C-14),32.1(C-15),80.9(C-16),62.7(C-17),16.1(C-18),19.2(C-19),41.7 (C-20),14.8(C-21),109.0(C-22),31.5(C-23),29.0(C-24),30.4(C-25),66.6(C-26),17.1(C-27);100.2(C-1'),79.4(C-2'),77.6(C-3'),71.6 (C-4'),77.7(C-5'),62.5(C-6');101.8(C-1''),72.4(C-2''),72.6(C-3''),74.0(C-4''),69.3(C-5''),18.4(C-6'')。Compound 3 was characterized as (25R)diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyanoside[8].

        Compound 4 White needle crystal,mp.274-276℃.1H NMR(C5D5N,500 MHz)δ:0.68(3H,d,J= 5.0 Hz,CH3-27),0.81(3H,s,CH3-18),1.04(3H,s,CH3-19),1.12(3H,s,J=5.9 Hz,CH3-21),5.27 (1H,br s,H-6),1.76(3H,d,J=6.5 Hz,CH3-Rha),5.92(1H,s,H-l of ara)and 6.29(1H,s,H-1 of rha).13C NMR(C5D5N,125 MHz)δ:37.4(C-1),30.1(C-2),78.0(C-3),38.9(C-4),140.7(C-5),121.8(C-6),32.2(C-7),31.6(C-8),50.2(C-9),37.1(C-10),21.1(C-11),39.8(C-12),40.4(C-13),56.6(C-14),32.3(C-15),81.1(C-16),62.8 (C-17),16.3(C-18),19.4(C-19),41.9(C-20),15.0(C-21),109.2(C-22),31.8(C-23),29.2(C-24),30.6(C-25),66.8(C-26),17.3(C-27);100.1 (C-1'),77.4(C-2'),77.7(C-3'),76.9(C-4'),76.7 (C-5'),61.3(C-6');101.9(C-1''),72.4(C-2''),72.8(C-3''),74.1(C-4''),69.5(C-5''),18.6(C-6'');109.5(C-1'''),82.6(C-2'''),77.8(C-3'''),86.6(C-4'''),62.4(C-5''')。Compound 4 was characterized as(25R)diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyanoside[9].

        Compound 5 White needle crystal,mp.213-215℃.1H NMR(C5D5N,500 MHz)δ:0.68(3H,d,J= 6.0 Hz,CH3-27),0.81(3H,s,CH3-18),1.03(3H,s,CH3-19),1.12(3H,s,J=5.6 Hz,CH3-21),5.29 (1H,br s,H-6),1.57(3H,d,J=6.1 Hz,CH3-RhaⅡ),1.58(3H,d,J=6.0 Hz,CH3-RhaⅢ),1.76 (3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,CH3-RhⅠ),4.94(1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-1 of glc),5.84(1H,s,H-1 of rhaⅡ),6.29 (1H,s,H-1 of rhaⅢ),6.40(1H,s,H-l of rhaⅠ).13C NMR(C5D5N,125 MHz)δ:36.3(C-1),29.0(C-2),76.9(C-3),37.8(C-4),139.6(C-5),120.6(C-6),31.1(C-7),30.6(C-8),49.1(C-9),36.0(C-10),19.9(C-11),38.7(C-12),39.3(C-13),55.4(C-14),31.0(C-15),89.9(C-16),61.7(C-17),15.2 (C-18),18.2(C-19),40.8(C-20),13.9(C-21),108.1(C-22),30.6(C-23),28.1(C-24),29.4(C-25),65.7(C-26),16.2(C-27);99.2(C-1'),76.8 (C-2'),76.4(C-3'),76.6(C-4'),75.9(C-5'),60.0 (C-6');101.0(C-1''),71.4(C-2''),71.7(C-3''),73.0(C-4''),68.4(C-5''),17.5(C-6'');101.0(C-1'''),71.7(C-2'''),72.1(C-3'''),79.2(C-4'''),67.1(C-5'''),17.7(C-6''');102.2(C-1''''),71.5 (C-2''''),71.7(C-3''''),72.8(C-4''''),69.3(C-5''''),17.3(C-6'''').Compound 5 was characterized as:(25R)diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyanoside[9].

        Compound 6 White needle crystal,mp.290-292℃.1H NMR(C5D5N,500 MHz)δ:0.66(3H,d,J= 5.0Hz,CH3-27),0.94(3H,s,CH3-18),1.07(3H,s,CH3-19),1.21(3H,s,J=7.5 Hz,CH3-21),5.33 (1H,br s,H-6),1.76(3H,d,J=6.1 Hz,CH3-Rha),5.02(1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-1 of glc),6.38(1H,s,H-1 of rha).13C NMR(C5D5N,125 MHz)δ:37.5(C-1),30.2(C-2),78.2(C-3),38.9(C-4),140.8(C-5),121.7(C-6),32.4(C-7),31.8(C-8),50.2(C-9),37.1(C-10),20.9(C-11),32.0(C-12),45.1(C-13),53.0(C-14),32.3(C-15),90.0(C-16),90.1 (C-17),17.1(C-18),19.4(C-19),44.7(C-20),9.7 (C-21),109.8(C-22),32.0(C-23),28.8(C-24),30.4(C-25),66.6(C-26),17.3(C-27);100.3(C-1'),79.6(C-2'),77.8(C-3'),71.8(C-4'),77.9(C-5'),62.6(C-6');102.0(C-1''),72.5(C-2''),72.8 (C-3''),74.1(C-4''),69.4(C-5''),18.6(C-6''); Compound 5 was characterized as:(25R)pennogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyanoside[10].

        Compound 7 White needle crystal,mp.276-278℃.1H NMR(C5D5N,500 MHz)δ:0.66(3H,d,J= 5.5 Hz,CH3-27),0.94(3H,s,CH3-18),1.07(3H,s,CH3-19),1.22(3H,d,J=7.5 Hz,CH3-21),5.27 (1H,br s,H-6),1.75(3H,d,J=6.0 Hz,CH3-Rha),4.93(1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-1 of glc),6.28(1H,s,H-1 of rha)and 5.92(1H,s,H-l of ara).13C NMR (C5D5N,125 MHz)δ:37.4(C-1),30.0(C-2),77.7 (C-3),38.8(C-4),140.6(C-5),121.7(C-6),32.2 (C-7),31.6(C-8),50.1(C-9),37.0(C-10),20.8 (C-11),31.9(C-12),45.0(C-13),52.8(C-14),32.3(C-15),89.8(C-16),90.0(C-17),17.0(C-18),19.3(C-19),44.6(C-20),9.6(C-21),109.4 (C-22),31.9(C-23),28.6(C-24),30.3(C-25),66.5(C-26),17.1(C-27);100.0(C-1'),77.2(C-2'),77.5(C-3'),76.5(C-4'),76.8(C-5'),61.2(C-6');101.7(C-1''),72.3(C-2''),72.6(C-3''),74.0 (C-4''),69.3(C-5''),18.5(C-6'');109.6(C-1'''), 82.5(C-2'''),77.9(C-3'''),86.5(C-4'''),62.3(C-5''').Compound 7 was characterized as:(25R)pennogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyanoside[9].

        Compound 8 White needle crystal,mp.234-236℃.1H NMR(C5D5N,500 MHz)δ:0.69(3H,d,J= 6.0 Hz,CH3-27),0.97(3H,s,CH3-18),1.09(3H,s,CH3-19),1.23(3H,s,J=7.5 Hz,CH3-21),5.29 (1H,br s,H-6),1.60(3H,d,J=7.5 Hz,CH3-RhaⅡ),1.61(3H,d,J=6.0 Hz,CH3-RhaⅢ),1.78 (3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,CH3-RhaⅠ),4.94(1H,d,J= 6.5 Hz,H-1 of glc),5.87(1H,s,H-1 of rhaⅡ),6.32 (1H,s,H-1 of rhaⅢ),6.40(1H,s,H-l of rhaⅠ).13C NMR(C5D5N,125 MHz)δ:37.9(C-1),30.5(C-2),77.9(C-3),39.3(C-4),141.1(C-5),122.2(C-6),32.7(C-7),32.2(C-8),50.5(C-9),37.5(C-10),21.3(C-11),37.9(C-12),45.5(C-13),53.4(C-14),32.8(C-15),90.3(C-16),90.5(C-17),17.5 (C-18),19.8(C-19),45.1(C-20),10.1(C-21),110.2(C-22),32.4(C-23),29.1(C-24),30.8(C-25),67.0(C-26),17.7(C-27);100.6(C-1'),78.3 (C-2'),78.0(C-3'),78.3(C-4'),77.3(C-5'),61.5 (C-6');102.5(C-1''),72.8(C-2''),73.2(C-3''),74.4(C-4''),69.9(C-5''),19.0(C-6'');103.6(C-1'''),73.2(C-2'''),73.6(C-3'''),80.7(C-4'''),68.6(C-5'''),18.8(C-6''');102.5(C-1''''),73.0 (C-2''''),73.2(C-3''''),74.4(C-4''''),70.7(C-5''''),19.2(C-6'''').Compound 8 was characterized as:(25R)pennogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyanoside[9].

        1 Li H.The Genus Paris(Trilliaceae).Beijing:Science Press,1998.

        2 Wang Y,Gao WY,Yuan LC,et al.Chemical constituents from rhizome of Paris polyphylla var yunnanensis.Chin Tradit Herb Drug,2007,38:17-20.

        3 Wang Y,Gao WY,Yan LL,et al.Antitumor constituents from Paris polyphylla var.yunnensis.China J Chin Mater Med,2007,2:1425-1428.

        4 Huang XX,Gao WY,Man SL,et al.Chemical constituents from herbs of Paris verticillata.China J Chin Mater Med,2009,34:1812-1815.

        5 Huang XX,Gao WY,Gu KR,et al.Chemical constituents from rhizom of Paris ployphylla Smith var.pubescens Hand-Mazz.Chin Tradit Herb Drug,2009,40:1366-1369.

        6 Yang B,Ji Y,Yin XZ,et al.Study on the Fat-soluble Chemical Constituents of Carex siderosticta.Lishizhen Med Mater Res,2007,18:2202-2203.

        7 Nobushige N,Yoshinori S,Masumi F,et al.Ecdysteroids from Pfaffla Iraffla Iresinoide and Reassignment of some13C NMR chemical shifts.Phytochemistry,1987,26:2505-2507.

        8 Chen CX,Yin HX.Steroidal saponins from Costus speciosus.Nat Prod Res Dev(天然產(chǎn)物研究與開發(fā)),1995,7:18-23.

        9 Miyamura M,Nakano K,Nohara T.Steriod saponins from Paris ployphylla Sm.-Supplement.Chem Pharm Bull,1982,30:712-718.

        10 Nohara T,Migahara K,Kawasaki T.Steroid saponins and saponins and sapogenins of underguound parts of Trillium Kamtschaticum PallⅡ Pemogenin-and Kryptogenin 3-O-glycosides and ralated compound.Chem Pharm Bull,1975,23: 872-885.

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