在實(shí)際教學(xué)中，學(xué)生對(duì)There be肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句句型中的be動(dòng)詞以及句型中a，an，some，any的用法掌握不扎實(shí)，錯(cuò)誤率較高，例如:

1. There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom. (×)

2. There is a water in the bottle.(×)

3. There aren’t some eggs on the table.(×)

4. Are there some dolls on the bed?(×)

5. There are one book on the desk. (×)

學(xué)生們的這些錯(cuò)誤，其原因可以進(jìn)行如下歸納:

一、不懂就近原則

就近原則，這里指There be句型中的be動(dòng)詞到底是用is還是are，由最靠近它的主語(yǔ)決定。以上例句There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.就是沒(méi)有根據(jù)就近原則，其正確寫(xiě)法是There is a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.

二、對(duì)肯定句，否定句以及疑問(wèn)句區(qū)別不清

肯定句:

1. There is加①a / an可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式 ②some / much/ a lot of不可數(shù)名詞

eg: There is a desk. There is some / much / a lot of water.

2. There are加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式

eg: There are some desks.

否定句:

1. There isn’t加①a / an可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式 ②any+不可數(shù)名詞

eg: There isn’t a desk. There isn’t any water.

2. There aren’t加any可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 eg: There aren’t any desks.

疑問(wèn)句:

1. Is there加①a / an可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式 ②any不可數(shù)名詞

eg: Is there a desk? Is there any water?

2. Are there加any可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)

eg: Are there any desks?

三、對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞用法不清

There be句型中不可數(shù)名詞的常規(guī)用法:

肯定句:There is some / a lot of / much+不可數(shù)名詞

否定句:There isn’t any…/ There is no+不可數(shù)名詞

疑問(wèn)句:Is there any / a lot of / much+不可數(shù)名詞

現(xiàn)將小學(xué)階段出現(xiàn)的一系列不可數(shù)名詞給學(xué)生歸納如下:water， juice， milk， coffee， tea， bread， rice等等，并要求學(xué)生牢記這些不可數(shù)名詞。

通過(guò)以上歸納，相信學(xué)生對(duì)開(kāi)頭出現(xiàn)的種種錯(cuò)誤會(huì)有一個(gè)重新認(rèn)識(shí)，并減少出現(xiàn)類(lèi)似錯(cuò)誤的幾率。

1. There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.

學(xué)生通過(guò)了解就近原則可得出正解: There is a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.(√)

2. There is a water in the bottle.

學(xué)生通過(guò)water這一不可數(shù)名詞可得出正解: There is some water in the bottle.(√)

3. There aren’t some eggs on the table.

學(xué)生通過(guò)“There aren’t+any”可得出正解: There

aren’t any eggs on the table.(√)

4. Are there some dolls on the bed?

學(xué)生通過(guò)“Are there+any”可得出正解: Are there any dolls on the bed?(√)

5. There are one book on the desk.

學(xué)生知道one book為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，可得出正解 :There is one book on the desk.(√)

難度系數(shù):★★★