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        倒裝考點(diǎn)歸納

        2009-04-09 10:01:08籍萬(wàn)杰
        青蘋果·教育研究版 2009年3期

        籍萬(wàn)杰

        一、全部倒裝

        全部倒裝是表示地點(diǎn)(方位)的副詞或者介詞短語(yǔ)在句首引起的。結(jié)構(gòu)為“地點(diǎn)副詞或介詞+謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)+其他成分”。常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)有:

        1.用在“there/here/now/then+不及物動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”的句型中,或用在以in,out,down,up,away等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子里,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。例如:

        There goes the bell.

        Now comes your turn.

        Out rushed the boy with an apple in his hand.

        注意:當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí),盡管副詞位于句首,主謂語(yǔ)序不倒裝。例如:

        Out they rushed.

        Here he comes.

        2.表示方位意義的介詞短語(yǔ)或副詞短語(yǔ)位于句首作狀語(yǔ)且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be或表示“位于、存在”的動(dòng)詞或“位置移動(dòng)”的單個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)。例如:

        From the valley came a frightening sound.

        South of the city lies a chemical factory.

        (2006年四川卷)At the foot of the mountain ______.

        A.a village lie B.lies a village C.does a village lie D.lying a village key:B

        3.作表語(yǔ)的形容詞、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)。例如:

        Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.

        Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.

        二、部分倒裝

        部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前。如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,則需添加助動(dòng)詞do,does或did,并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。

        1.當(dāng)“so(such)...that...”結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such位于句首時(shí),構(gòu)成部分倒裝句。

        (2008年上海卷)So much of interest ______ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.

        A.offers?搖BeijingB.Beijing offers

        C.does Beijing offer D.Beijing does offer key:C

        2.由so,neither,nor開(kāi)頭的句子,表示重復(fù)前面句子的部分意思(肯定用so,否定用neither或nor),當(dāng)前后兩句的主語(yǔ)不同時(shí),該替代句式要部分倒裝。

        ①(2008年遼寧卷)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason,and ______.

        A.I was neitherB.neither was IC.I was eitherD.either was I key:B

        ②(2007年江蘇卷)—My room gets very cold at night.

        —______.

        A.So is mine B.So mine is C.So does mine D.So mine does key:C

        3.當(dāng)具有否定意義的詞或詞組(no,not,never,nowhere,hardly,scarcely,rarely,seldom,

        little,by no means,in no case,at no time等)位于句首時(shí),要用部分倒裝,這是近年來(lái)高考測(cè)試的熱點(diǎn)。

        ①(2007年上海卷)—How was the televised debate last night?

        —Super!Rarely ______ so much media attention.

        A.a debate attractedB.did a debate attract

        C.a debate did attractD.attracted a debate key:B

        ②(2007年安徽卷)Little ______ that we were watching his every move,so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.

        A.he realizedB.he didnt realize

        C.didnt he realize D.did he realize key:D

        4.某些連詞,如由not only...but(also)...,hardly...when...,no sooner...than...等開(kāi)頭連接句子時(shí),第一個(gè)分句的主謂要部分倒裝。

        ①(2006年天津卷)—Did Linda see the traffic accident?

        —No,no sooner ______ than it happened.

        A.had she goneB.she had gone

        C.has she gone D.she has gone key:A

        ②(2004年上海卷)______ snacks and drinks,but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.

        A.Not only they broughtB.Not only did they bring

        C.Not only brought theyD.Not only they did bring key:B

        注意:not until引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首時(shí),not until的從句不倒裝,主句倒裝。

        (2008年陜西卷)Not until the motorbike looked almost new ______ repairing and cleaning it.

        A.he stopped B.did he stop C.stopped he D.he did stop key:B

        5.only位于句首,修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),要用部分倒裝。only修飾狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主句倒裝,從句不倒裝;only修飾的不是狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),則不用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

        ①(2008年江蘇卷)______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.

        A.Only if;will you B.Only if;you will

        C.Unless;will youD.Unless;you will key:A

        ②(2008年江西卷)It was announced that only when the fire was under control ______ to return to their homes.

        A.the residents would be permitted

        B.had the residents been permitted

        C.would the residents be permitted

        D.the residents had been permitted key:C

        6.當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可用“名詞/形容詞/副詞/分詞+as+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞”或“動(dòng)詞+as+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞”的倒裝形式。

        ①(2007年重慶卷)______,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.

        A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strange

        C.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound key:D

        ②(2005年廣東卷)______,Carolina couldnt get the door open.

        A.Try as she might B.As she might try

        C.She might as tryD.Might she as try key:A

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