代詞是英語(yǔ)中比較活躍的詞之一,在學(xué)習(xí)使用時(shí)要避免“混、顛、漏、多”。
避免“混”
1. 受漢語(yǔ)的影響,人稱(chēng)代詞“主、賓格不分”。顧名思義,主格人稱(chēng)代詞在句子中作主語(yǔ),賓格人稱(chēng)代詞在句子中作賓語(yǔ)。如:
誤:Your mother is waiting for he.
正:Your mother is waiting for him.
2. 受漢語(yǔ)的影響,物主代詞“名、形性質(zhì)不分”。名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞,形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞。如:
誤:Our room is bigger than their.
正:Our room is bigger than theirs.
3. “人稱(chēng)、物主不分”,如:
誤:Mr Smith taught ourEnglish last year.
正:Mr Smith taught usEnglish last year.
4. “不定代詞意義不分”,如:
誤:Li Lei and Meg are all students.
正 : LiLeiandMegarebothstudents .
both指兩個(gè)人或兩件事“都……”;all則指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上人或事“都……”。
避免“顛”
1. “人稱(chēng)代詞并列順序” 顛倒,如:
誤:I and Peter are teachers.
正:Peter and Iare teachers.
注意:英語(yǔ)中敘述“我和別人”時(shí),總是把我(I)放在后面,以表示對(duì)別人的尊重。如“你,我,他(她)”的敘述為:“you ,he /she and I ”。
2. “不定代詞修飾語(yǔ)” 顛倒,如:
誤:There is interesting somethingin today’s paper.
正:There is something interestingin today’s paper.
形容詞修飾語(yǔ)常常位于名詞之前,當(dāng)形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí),修飾語(yǔ)位于其后。
當(dāng)不定代詞被else修飾時(shí),else也同樣放在不定代詞之后(疑問(wèn)代詞亦如此)。如:
Which else do youwantto choose? 你還要挑選什么?
避免“漏”
1. “簡(jiǎn)單句中賓語(yǔ)” 漏,如:
誤:This problem is difficult. I
can’t work out.
正:This problem is difficult. I
can’t work it out.
2. “復(fù)合句中主語(yǔ)” 漏,如:
誤:I think that can finish it at once.
正: I think that I can finish it at once.
誤:I’llgoto see himwhen getthere.
正:I’llgoto see himwhenIgetthere.
3.“反身代詞同位語(yǔ)” 漏,如:
誤: Himself can’tridethe bike.
正: Hehimselfcan’tridethe bike .
(注:反身代詞不可以單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ))
4. “形式賓語(yǔ)” 漏,如:
誤:You’llfindveryuseful to learnforeignlanguage .
正:You’ll find it very useful to learnforeign language.
避免“多”
1. 在too ... to結(jié)構(gòu)中多用。如:
a. 誤:This room is too small for us to live in it.
正:This room is too small for us to live in.
b. 誤:The boxis too heavyto carryit.
正:The boxis too heavyto carry.
2. 在be enough to結(jié)構(gòu)中多用。如:
a . 誤:Thiscomputerislightenoughtotakeitaway.
正:Thiscomputer islightenoughto take away.
b. 誤:The dogisslowenoughfor us torun after it.
正:The dogisslowenoughfor us torun after.