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        新目標(biāo)七年級(上)Units9—12重、難點(diǎn)講解

        2008-12-08 09:29:46羅宇祥
        中學(xué)英語之友·上 2008年11期
        關(guān)鍵詞:原句同義賓語

        羅宇祥

        Unit 9

        1.【原句】Do you want to go to a movie?

        【解析】go to a movie相當(dāng)于go to see a film, go to the cinema,意思為“去看電影”。

        2.【原句】I want to see a comedy.

        【解析】本句的意思為“我想去看喜劇片”。“看”有多種固定搭配。如:“看電視”為watch TV,“看電影”為see a film,“看書、看報”為read a book, read a newspaper,“看球賽”為watch a ball game等等。

        3.【原句】Do you want to go to a movie? Yes, I do./No, I dont.

        Does he want to go to a movie? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt.

        【解析】do和does 是助動詞,用來構(gòu)成疑問句和否定句,無詞義。當(dāng)句子的主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用does,其它情況用do。

        4.【原句】Maria likes thrillers but she doesnt like comedies.

        Guo Peng likes comedies and he likes Beijing Opera.

        【解析】由and, but等并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連接在一起就成了并列句。用and表示兩個簡單句間是并列關(guān)系,用but表示兩個簡單句間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

        5.【原句】Young people usually go to movies on weekends.

        【解析】weekends的英文解釋為Saturday and Sunday, 漢語意思為“周末”。以后我們將會學(xué)另一個詞weekdays, 它的英文解釋為from Monday to Friday(周一至周五), 漢語意思為“工作日”。

        6.【原句】In a word, I love China.

        【解析】in a word往往用來對已述一段話進(jìn)行概括或小節(jié),漢語意思為“總而言之,總之”等。

        7.【原句】I dont think its great.

        【解析】I dont think its great.是I think its great.的否定句。要注意的是:同學(xué)們往往會把I think its great.的否定句誤以為是I think it isnt great.這是不對的,因為把“I think+簡單句”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子變成否定句,要變?yōu)椤癐 dont think+簡單句”形式,在英語語法中,這叫做否定前移或叫否定轉(zhuǎn)移。把否定前移的句子譯成漢語時,仍要否定I think之后的簡單句。因此I dont think its great.譯成漢語為“我認(rèn)為它不是很好”,而不能譯為“我不認(rèn)為它很好”。

        8.【原句】Jack also likes Beijing Opera. My father likes it, too.

        【解析】兩句中的also, too都有“也”的意思,但兩者在句中的位置有所不同。also放在句中(be動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后,實義動詞之前),而too則放在句末。

        Unit 10

        9.【原句】Can you play the guitar? 你會彈吉他嗎?

        【解析】這是一個由情態(tài)動詞can引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句。can表示能力,意為“會、能”,無人稱和數(shù)的變化,后接動詞原形,可用來構(gòu)成肯定、否定、疑問,也可用于有把握的否定推測。如:

        Its Sunday today. Mr. Li cant be in the office.

        今天是星期天,李老師不可能在辦公室。

        I cant sing English songs. 我不會唱英文歌曲。

        本句play是動詞“演奏、彈奏”。play作“彈、奏”樂器,樂器前須加定冠詞the(erhu二胡除外)。如:play the piano彈鋼琴, play the violin 拉小提琴。

        play與球類名詞搭配時,球類前不加冠詞the。如: play football踢足球。play還表示“玩、做”。如: play a game做游戲。作不及物動詞“玩、?!敝鈺r,常跟 with連用。如: Dont play with fire.不要玩火。

        句型:play sth. on+樂器,指用某樂器演奏某樂曲;play sth. for sb.=play sb. sth.為某人播放……。如:

        She plays old Chinese songs on the guitar.

        她用吉他演奏了古老的中文歌曲。

        Let me play some pieces of music for you.=Let me play you some pieces of music. 我為你放幾首音樂聽聽吧。

        10.【原句】I want to join the art club. 我想加入藝術(shù)俱樂部。

        【解析】本句中want to do sth.“想要做某事”。want 的常用句型還有want sth.“想要某物”,want sb. to do sth.“想讓某人去干某事”,如:

        I want some water. 我想要些水。

        I want to have a cup of tea.我想喝杯茶。

        He wants me to help him with his English. 他想讓我?guī)退麑W(xué)習(xí)英語。

        本句的join表示“參加、加入”,指加入某個組織或團(tuán)體,成為其成員之一,后接名詞/代詞。如參軍、入團(tuán)、入黨、加入俱樂部等。join in+某活動,相當(dāng)于take part in。如:

        He joined the army. 他參軍了。

        Everyone joined in the game. 每個人都參與了游戲。

        When did he join the Party? 他何時入的黨?

        11.【原句】What club do you want to join?你想?yún)⒓邮裁淳銟凡浚?/p>

        【解析】本句是“What+名詞+一般疑問句”結(jié)構(gòu),這是特殊疑問句,回答時要根據(jù)實際情況來回答,不用yes/no回答。what作特殊疑問詞,提問的對象很廣泛,既可以問人或物的身份、名字、內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)和類別,也可以提問事物的目的、數(shù)量、價值等。如:

        What sport do you like best?你最喜歡哪種體育運(yùn)動?

        What kind of food do you like?你喜歡哪種食物?

        What class are you in?你在哪個班?

        12.【原句】Are you good with kids? 你和孩子們相處得好嗎?

        【解析】本句中be good with sb.意思是“和……相處很好”,同義詞組get along/on well with sb.。如:

        He is good with his teacher.他和他的老師相處得很好。

        He gets on well with his boss.他和他的老板相處的很好。

        kid指“小孩(口語)”,相當(dāng)于child,kids是復(fù)數(shù),相當(dāng)于children。如:

        How are your wife and kids? 你夫人和孩子們都好嗎?

        13.【原句】Can you help kids with swimming?

        你能幫助孩子們游泳嗎?

        【解析】本句help sb. with sth. 意為“幫助某人做某事”,with后接名詞/動名詞(動詞-ing形式),同義句型help sb.(to) do sth.,to在此處可以省略,也可以不省略,如:

        Tom often helps me learn English.=Tom often helps me with my English. 湯姆經(jīng)常幫我學(xué)英語。

        另外help的其他短語:with the help of/with ones help“在某人的幫助下”;cant help doing“忍不住/禁不住干……”;help oneself to隨便吃/喝……。如:

        With the help of the boy, she passed the exam.

        在這個男孩的幫助下她通過了考試。

        I cant help crying. 我忍不住哭了。

        Help yourself to some fish. 請隨便吃點(diǎn)魚吧!

        14.【原句】Tom can play the guitar but he cant play it very well.

        湯姆會彈吉他,但是他彈得不是很好。

        【解析】本句well表示“好”,good也表示“好”,但well是副詞,用來修飾動詞,good是形容詞,來修飾名詞。well是形容詞時,僅作表語“(身體)健康的,(事情)順利的”。well的習(xí)慣用語:do well in在……做得好, get on well with sb.與某人相處的好。如:

        I am very well. 我身體很好。well (adj.)

        He speaks English well. 他英語說得很好。well (adv.)

        good常用在be, taste, smell, sound等系動詞之后。習(xí)慣用語:have a good time過得愉快,be good at擅長于,say a good word for sb.為某人說好話, be good for對……有益。如:

        This cake smells good. 這蛋糕很好聞。

        She is a good girl. 她是一位好女孩。

        15.【原句】What can your group do in the school show?

        你們小組能在學(xué)校公演中表演什么節(jié)目?

        【解析】school show“學(xué)校公演”,show作名詞“演出、表演、節(jié)目”。如:aflower show花展,TV show電視節(jié)目,We visited an art show this morning.今天上午我們參觀了一個藝術(shù)展。

        show作動詞有下列用法:

        ①show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 把某物給某人看。如:

        She showed us her new sweater.=She showed her new sweater to us.

        她把她的新毛衣給我們看。

        ②show sb.+疑問代詞/副詞+不定式。如:

        Please show me how to do it. 請給我示范一下怎樣做。

        ③show sb. around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀。如:

        He showed the students around the factory. 他領(lǐng)著學(xué)生參觀了工廠。

        ④show sb. the way to…,告知某人去……的路。

        16.【原句】May I know your name? 我可以知道你的名字嗎?

        【解析】這是詢問對方姓名的特殊疑問句,May I…表達(dá)語氣委婉客氣,相當(dāng)于May I have your name, please? Excuse me, may I know your name? Whats your name? Your name,please?等,以上所有問句的答語常用My name is…;Im…;You can call me…;也可以直接回答姓名。如:

        ——May I have your name, please? 請問你叫什么名字?

        ——Jet. 杰特。

        17.【原句】Can you play the piano, the trumpet, the drums, or the guitar? 你會彈鋼琴、吹喇叭、打鼓,還是會彈吉他?

        【解析】本句是選擇疑問句,構(gòu)成形式是一般疑問句+or+備選部分,回答時一般不用Yes/No,要根據(jù)實際情況來回答。or連接兩個并列成分,or前面的成分用升調(diào),or后的用降調(diào),若有三個或三個以上的并列成分,or連接最后兩個,前面的并列成分用逗號隔開。如:

        Is your friend a boy or a girl?你的朋友是一個男孩還是女孩?

        Can you play football, basketball or volleyball?

        你會踢足球,打籃球,還是會打排球?

        Unit 11

        18.【原句】What time do you usually get up?你通常幾點(diǎn)起床?

        【解析】本句是一個詢問時間的特殊疑問句。①特殊疑問句的構(gòu)成是“特殊疑問詞/詞組(what time,what,when…等)+do/does+主語+謂語動詞+其它(當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時使用does,其余人稱用助動詞do)”,若句中有can/be/would/shall等詞,就不必用助動詞do/does。如:

        When shall we play the game? 我們什么時間比賽?

        ②如果疑問詞或詞組在句中作主語,后面則直接跟謂語動詞及其它成分。如:Who likes meat?誰喜歡吃肉?③特殊疑問句不能用Yes/No來回答,一般根據(jù)實際情況用簡潔形式的答語。如:

        ——How many students are there in your class?你們班有多少學(xué)生?

        ——Forty.(There are forty students.)四十個學(xué)生。

        19.【原句】What time does Alicia take a shower?

        阿莉亞什么時候洗澡?

        【解析】本句中take a shower=have a shower“淋浴、洗澡”。英語中經(jīng)常用“take a+n.”表示做一個動作。如:take a walk散步,take a rest休息一下,take a look看一看,take a trip旅行,take a bath洗個澡, take a nap小睡一會兒(午覺),take a drive乘車,take a seat坐下。如:

        My father always takes a walk after supper. 爸爸總是在晚飯后散步。

        20.【原句】What a funny time to eat breakfast!

        這個時間吃早飯多么有趣啊!

        【解析】本句是由what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句,其結(jié)構(gòu)為①What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語。本句time是不可數(shù)名詞,但time當(dāng)“一段時間”講時,前面有形容詞修飾,形容詞前可加冠詞。如:

        Have a good time!祝你玩得愉快!

        What a good student he is!他是多么好的一個學(xué)生啊!

        What a tall man he is!他是多么高??!

        ②What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語+謂語。如:

        What good news it is!多么好的消息啊!

        What beautiful pictures they are!多么美麗的圖畫?。?/p>

        21.【原句】To get to work, he takes the number 17 bus to a hotel.

        為了上班,他乘17路公交車到賓館。

        【解析】本句To get to work是動詞不定式短語,在句中作目的狀語,動詞不定式作目的狀語通常放在句子后面,如果放前面,應(yīng)用逗號隔開。如:

        To catch the first bus, I get up early.

        為了趕上第一班車,我起了個大早。

        She studied hard to pass the exam. 她刻苦學(xué)習(xí),以便能通過考試。

        22.【原句】Can you think what his job is?

        你能想想他是干什么工作的嗎?

        【解析】本句是一個賓語從句,what his job is作think的賓語。連接代詞who,which,what,whose和連接副詞where,how,why可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句,這類賓語從句都要用陳述語序。如:

        He asks where she works. 他問她在哪里工作。

        I dont know what time he leaves here.

        我不知道他什么時候離開這兒。

        23.【原句】What time is it? 幾點(diǎn)了?

        【解析】本句是詢問時刻的常用表達(dá),相當(dāng)于Whats the time? 若時間用a.m., p.m.表達(dá),從正午12點(diǎn)(不包括12點(diǎn))到子夜零點(diǎn)(包括零點(diǎn))為 p.m., 從子夜零點(diǎn)(不包括零點(diǎn))到正午12點(diǎn)(包括12點(diǎn))為a.m.。如:Whats the time?=What time is it?幾點(diǎn)了?注意:在上午不可說in the a.m.;a.m.和p.m.不可與oclock連用;a.m.和p.m.不可與in the morning/in the afternoon連用。如:

        We have classes at 8 a.m.(用at 8:00 in the a.m.是錯誤的).

        我們上午8點(diǎn)上課。

        他們每天上午10點(diǎn)休息。

        誤:They have a rest at 10 oclock a.m..

        正:They have a rest at 10 a.m..

        正:They have a rest at 10 oclock in the morning.

        24.【原句】Thanks for your letter.謝謝你的來信。

        【解析】Thanks for…,相當(dāng)于 Thank you for…,“因……而感謝”,for后可接名詞或動名詞,即Thank you for sth.=Thank you for doing sth.。如:

        Thank you for your help.=Thank you for helping me. 謝謝你幫助我。

        本句型還可表示為Thanks a lot/very much for… 非常感謝……。如:

        Thanks a lot for your invitation. 多謝你的邀請。

        25.【原句】Please write soon. 請盡快回信。

        【解析】此句常用于書信的結(jié)尾,提示別人盡快寫回信,write后接人用write to me“給我寫信”,相當(dāng)于write a letter to me。write to sb.“給某人寫信”=write sb. a letter=write a letter to sb.=write sb.(口語)。如:

        She often writes to her teacher. 她經(jīng)常給她的老師寫信。

        She writes to her parents once a week. 她每周給父母寫一封信。

        Unit 12

        26.【原句】——Why do you like art? 你為什么喜歡藝術(shù)?

        ——Because its fun. 因為它很有趣。

        【解析】because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,表示直接的原因或理由,用來回答why的提問,表示因果關(guān)系。它引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在主句后面,若放在前面,具有強(qiáng)調(diào)的意味。如:

        ——Why do you like dogs? 你為什么喜歡狗?

        ——Because theyre friendly and intelligent.因為他們既友好又聰明。

        We had to stay at home because it rained.

        因為下雨,我們不得不呆在家里。

        fun為抽象名詞(不可數(shù)),“高興、樂趣、有趣的人或事”,前無冠詞,fun也可作形容詞“有趣的、奇妙的”。常用詞組:have a lot of fun玩得很開心,have fun doing sth.表示“做某事感到有樂趣、開心”,動詞用-ing形式。如:

        Swimming in the sea is great fun on holiday.

        假日在海里游泳是極大的樂事。

        The children often have a lot of fun in the zoo.

        孩子們經(jīng)常在動物園玩得很開心。

        We have fun climbing the mountain. 我們?nèi)ヅ郎胶荛_心。

        27.【原句】Our teacher is very strict and Im usually very tired after class. 我們的老師是很嚴(yán)格的,課后我常常很疲倦。

        【解析】strict是形容詞“嚴(yán)格的、嚴(yán)厲的”。當(dāng)表示某人對其他人、包括自己本身嚴(yán)格要求時用 be strict with,當(dāng)表示某人對某事或某物嚴(yán)格要求時用be strict in。如:

        My father is very strict with me. 爸爸對我要求很嚴(yán)格。

        Our headmaster is strict in everything.

        我們的校長對每一件事情都要求嚴(yán)格。

        He is strict in his work. 他對他的工作要求很嚴(yán)格.

        28.【原句】Its Tuesday, November 11.今天是11月11日,星期二。

        【解析】本句是“Whats today?”(今天是×月×號,星期×)問句的回答,詢問日期有“Whats the date today?”(今天是幾號?)或“What day is it today?”(今天是星期幾?)。如:

        ——What day is it today? 今天星期幾?

        ——Its Sunday. 星期天。

        ——Whats the date today? 今天是幾月幾號?

        ——Its September 10th. Teachers Day. 今天是九月十號,教師節(jié)。

        ——Whats today? 今天幾月幾號,星期幾?

        ——Today is Monday,September 1st. 今天是9月1號,星期一。

        29.【原句】I have math on Monday,Wednesday and Friday.

        我星期一、星期三和星期五上數(shù)學(xué)。

        【解析】on Monday“在星期一”,on用于具體指某一天,如:on October 1st在10月1 日,on that day,在那一天也可以用于指某天,某段時間,如:

        on the morning of last Sunday 在上個星期天早上

        on a cold winter morning在一個很冷的冬天早上,也用于指紀(jì)念日/節(jié)日,如:

        on your birthday在你生日那天;on Mothers Day在母親節(jié)

        30.【原句】After class I have volleyball for two hours.

        課后我練習(xí)了兩小時的排球。

        【解析】本句中have表示“上、進(jìn)行、學(xué)習(xí)”。如:

        We have two classes in the afternoon. 下午我們上兩節(jié)課。

        for+一段時間,表示“經(jīng)過……之久、計、達(dá)”,用來表示某個動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)多久,與for短語相連的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞,即所表示的動作是能夠持續(xù)的動詞。如:work,stay,study…等;for不與非延續(xù)性即不能持續(xù)的動詞連用。如:come,go,die等;對for+一段時間短語提問用how long,意思是“多長時間”。如:

        They will stay in Shanghai for a year. 他們將在上海呆一年。

        ——How long do you listen to music every day?

        你每天聽多長時間的音樂?

        ——I listen to it for two hours. 我聽兩小時。

        跟蹤訓(xùn)練:

        1. Do you want ____?

        A. go to a movie B. to go to a movie

        C. to go to seeing a movie D. go to seeing a moive

        2. I am ____ TV now?

        A. watching B. seeing C. reading D. watch

        3. ____ you want to go shopping with me?

        A. Does B. Do C. Did D. Are

        4. ____ he want to go shopping?

        A. Does B. Do C. Did D. Is

        5. I like reading ____ I dont like writing.

        A. and B. but C. or D. with

        6. I like reading ____ writing.

        A. and B. but C. or D. with

        7. 翻譯:總之我愛我的父母.

        ____ ____ ____, I love my parents.

        8. He ____ it ____ good.

        A. thinks, isnt B. doesnt think, is

        C. dont think, is D. think, isnt

        9. I ____ want to go to Beijing.

        A. too B. also

        10. I want to go to Beijing, ____.

        A. too B. aslo

        11. The little girl cant ____.

        A. play the piano B. play piano

        C. play a piano D. play pianos

        12. 翻譯:請不要玩那只小狗。

        Please dont ____ ____ the little dog.

        13. 改錯:I want joining the football club.

        14. Tom wants to join a music club. (對劃線部分提問)

        ____ ____ does Tom ____to join?

        15. The old man gets on well with the kids. (改為同義句)

        The old man ____ ____ ____ the kids.

        16. He often helps his mother do the housework. (改為同義句)

        He often ____ his mother ____ the housework.

        17. This song is ____, but he cant sing it ____.

        A. good, good B. well, good C. good, well D. good, OK

        18. Please show me your photo. (改為同義句)

        Please ____ your photo ____.

        19. Whats your name, please? (改為同義句)

        ____ ____ ____ ____ ____, ____?

        20. Is this your pen?(用Tom改為選擇疑問句)

        Is this your pen ____ ____?

        21. My aunt usually has lunch at 11:00. (就劃線部分提問)

        ____ ____ ____ your aunt usually ____ lunch?

        22. She takes a shower at 5:00. (改為同義句)

        She____ ____ ____ at 5:00.

        23. She is a nice girl. (改為感嘆句)

        ____ ____ nice girl ____ ____!

        24. 翻譯:他去上海找工作了。

        He has gone to Shanghai ____ ____ ____ a job.

        25. Do you know? Where does she work?(合并為賓語從句)

        Do you know where____ ____?

        26. It is seven oclock. (就劃線部分提問)

        ____ ____ ____ ____?

        27. 翻譯:非常感謝你的好意。

        ____ ____ ____ for your kindness.

        28. Please write a letter to Tom. (改為同義句)

        Please ____ ____ Tom.

        29. He likes English because its interesting. (就劃線部分提問)

        ________ he ____ English?

        30. 翻譯:因為天天下雨,我們不得不呆在家里。

        We ____ ____ stay at home ____ it rains every day.

        31. 翻譯:老師必須嚴(yán)格要求他們的學(xué)生。

        Teachers must ____ ____ ____ their students.

        32. 翻譯:媽媽對我的書法要求很嚴(yán)格.

        Mother ____ ____ ____ my writing.

        33. ——____? ——Its Sunday.

        A. Whats the date B. What time is it

        C. What day is it today D. How much is it

        34. His brother was born(出生) ____ the morning of May 5th.

        A. in B. on C.for D. at

        35. 改錯:They usually play sports at two hours every day.

        Keys:1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.In a word 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.play with 13.joining改為to join 14.What club,want 15.is good with 16.helps with 17.C 18.show, to me 19.May I have your name, please?/Excuse me, May I know your name?/Your name, please?20.or Toms 21.What time does, have 22.has a shower 23.What a, she is 24.to look for 25.she works 26.What time is it 27.Thanks a lot 28.Write to 29.Why does, like 30.have to, because 31.be strict with 32.is strict in 33.C 34.B 35.at改為for

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