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        不定冠詞的位置

        2008-09-27 08:00:46周育杰
        關(guān)鍵詞:定冠詞冠詞比較級(jí)

        周育杰

        一般而言,冠詞與名詞連用時(shí),總是置于名詞之前。如果名詞有形容詞修飾,冠詞常放于形容詞之前,但是有些情況比較特殊。下面試結(jié)合近年經(jīng)典高考題來(lái)總結(jié)一下高中階段易錯(cuò)的涉及到冠詞的位置的用法。

        一.不定冠詞的位置

        1.位于下列形容詞之后:such,what,many,half,not,much等。例如

        How did you make such a mistake? 你怎么會(huì)犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤?

        What a pity!真遺憾!

        What a lovely day! 多好的天氣啊!

        Ive been there many a time.我到過(guò)那兒多次了。

        Not a person was there.那兒沒(méi)有一個(gè)人。

        如果有形容詞修飾時(shí),應(yīng)放在形容詞之前。例如:

        Too much of a good thing.好事過(guò)頭反成壞事。

        She is such a good teacher that all the students like and respect her.她是如此好的一個(gè)老師以至于所有的學(xué)生都喜歡和尊敬她。

        2.當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞被副詞as,so,too,how,however,enough等詞修飾時(shí),不定冠詞應(yīng)放于形容詞之后。例如:

        It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.這是我度過(guò)的最高興的一天。

        so short a time 如此短的時(shí)間。

        too long a distance太長(zhǎng)的距離。

        This is too difficult a problem.這是一個(gè)非常困難的問(wèn)題。

        I know how great a labor he had undertaken.我知道他從事的是多么艱巨的勞動(dòng)。

        However cold a day it is,we will go there.不管多么冷的一天,我們都將去那兒。

        3.quite,rather與單數(shù)名詞連用時(shí),冠詞放在其后,但是當(dāng)rather,quite后仍有形容詞時(shí)不定冠詞放在其前后皆可。例如:quite a lot 非常多。

        The earth shook quite a while.地球抖動(dòng)了好大一會(huì)兒。

        She is quite / rather a woman.她是一個(gè)很了不起的女人。

        It was quite / rather a hot day.

        It was a quite / rather hot day.當(dāng)時(shí)天氣相當(dāng)熱。

        This is quite a useful dictionary.= This is a quite useful dictionary.這是一本相當(dāng)有用的字典。

        4.當(dāng)帶形容詞的名詞詞組之前又有副詞hardly,scarcely,barely,exactly時(shí),或和一個(gè)形容詞共同修飾時(shí),冠詞要放在上述副詞之后,形容詞之前。例如:

        This is hardly / scarcely a right thing to do.做這種事情根本不對(duì)。

        5.如果一個(gè)名詞被比較級(jí)修飾,冠詞通常也放在后面。例如:

        A science is more than a large amount of information on some subject.一門(mén)科學(xué)不只是有關(guān)某學(xué)科的大量資料。

        不過(guò)不定冠詞也經(jīng)常放在more,less,better等比較級(jí)前。例如:

        He is a more diligent student than his cousin is.他是個(gè)比他表弟更勤奮的學(xué)生。

        6.在as,though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)表語(yǔ)為形容詞修飾的名詞時(shí),不定冠詞放于形容詞后。例如:

        Brave a man though he is,he trembles at the sight of snakes.他盡管勇敢,可見(jiàn)到蛇還是發(fā)抖。

        二.定冠詞的位置。

        1.定冠詞通常位于名詞或名詞修飾語(yǔ)前,但放在all,both,double,half,twice,three times等詞之后,名詞之前。例如:

        All the students in the class went out.班里所有學(xué)生都出去了。

        Both the boys have been to London.兩個(gè)男孩都去了倫敦。

        The river is five times the width of that one.這條河是那條河的五倍寬。

        I offered him double the amount,but he still refused.我給他雙倍的錢(qián),但他還是不接受。

        注意:both 后的定冠詞??墒∪?。例如:

        They decided to sign both (the) papers.他們決定兩個(gè)文件都簽。

        all 后是否用定冠詞由冠詞的一般規(guī)則決定。例如:All children have to go to school one day.所有孩子有一天都得上去上學(xué)。(表類指)

        All the children of the boarding school were in bed.寄宿學(xué)校的全體孩子都睡了。(表特指)

        2.最高級(jí)可用序數(shù)詞,much,by far,nearly,almost等詞修飾,此時(shí)定冠詞的位置依情況而定。例如:

        Africa is the second largest continent.

        The Pacific is by far the largest ocean.太平洋是世界上最大的大洋。

        I like the film the very best / much the best.我最喜歡這部電影。

        【及時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)】

        1.(2001全國(guó)) It is generally believed teaching is________ it is a science.

        A.an art much as B.much an art as

        C.as an art much as D.as much an art as

        2.(2002上海春季)________ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.

        A.How interesting

        B.How an interesting

        C.What an interesting

        D.What interesting an

        3.(2004上海) At a rough estimate,Nigeria is________ Great Britain.

        A.three times the size as

        B.the size three times of

        C.three times as the size of

        D.three time the size of

        4.(2003上海) We were in________when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.

        A.a rush so anxious

        B.a such anxious rush

        C.so an anxious rush

        D.such an anxious rush

        5.(2004上海春招) I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is________ than John.

        A.more efficient a worker

        B.a more efficient worker

        C.more an efficient worker

        D.a worker more efficient

        6.Qingdao is________ most beautiful city in summer.

        A.the B./ C.a D.one

        7.Jim is not quite ________ as his sister.

        A.good as a student B.so good a student

        C.as a good student D.so a good student

        8.This is________ those made in Chang Chun.

        A.a truck as good as B.as a truck as good

        C.so good a truck as D.a good as truck as 9.(98上海題) It is________work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.

        A.so unusual B.such unusual

        C.such an unusualD.so an unusual

        10.(92上海)________ box can not be lifted by a boy of five.

        A.So a heavy B.So heavy a

        C.A such heavy D.Such heavy a

        及時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)答案:

        1.D 2.C

        3.D 4.D

        5.B 6.C

        7.B 8.A

        9.C 10.B ★

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