姜經(jīng)志

Unit 7

1. What does he look like? 他看上去什么樣子？

(1) 這句話是用來詢問人的長相的，回答時用He has a medium build. (他是中等體格)，或者是Hes tall and thin with brown hair. (他高而瘦，長著棕色頭發(fā))，或者是Hes short, heavy and he has bald hair. (他又矮又胖，長著稀疏的頭發(fā))等。

(2) 這里的like是介詞，表示“像，如，跟……一樣”，look為系動詞，look like意思是“看起來像”，后可接名詞、代詞等作賓語。例如：

The girl looks like her father. 那個女孩看上去像她的父親。

It looks like rain. 天看起來要下雨。

[特別提醒]

注意：look like和be like的區(qū)別。

look like “看上去像……”指外觀上像。be like“像……一樣”指品德、相貌等，更多側(cè)重表示人的個性特征。例如：

She looks like her mother. 她看起來像她媽媽。

Is he like his father? 他與他父親一樣嗎？

What is he like? 他是個什么樣的人？

2. She is good-looking but she is a little bit quiet.

她長得漂亮但有些內(nèi)向。

(1) 此句常用于對某人的外形及性格評述時，其中g(shù)ood-looking為合成形容詞，意為“（尤指人）漂亮的，好看的”，指男女均可。其同義詞有：beautiful“好看的”，尤指婦女、兒童；pretty “好看的”，尤指婦女、兒童；handsome“好看的”，用于男子。

(2) a bit“有點兒，稍微”；a little bit“有一點兒，稍微”，a little“少量，稍許”，與不可數(shù)名詞連用。此句中a little bit“有一點兒”，用來修飾形容詞quiet, 指“有點兒內(nèi)向”。例如：

Im a little bit tired. Lets have a rest.

我有點兒累了。讓我們休息一會吧。

She is a little bit shy. 她有點害羞。

(3) a bit 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示“一點兒……”時用a bit of。例如：

Theres a (little) bit of time left. 只剩一點時間了。

3. Do you remember Johnny Dean, the pop singer with funny glasses and long curly hair?

你還記得約翰尼?迪恩，戴著滑稽眼鏡，留著長卷發(fā)的那位流行歌手嗎？

(1) 此句中的the pop singer作Johnny Dean的同位語，起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。例如：

Do you remember my teacher, a tall man?

你還記得我的老師，一個高個子男人嗎？

(2) with在此句中表示“戴著”，是介詞，此處with funny glasses作狀語。例如：

He is tall with brown hair. 他個子高，長著棕色頭發(fā)。

He is a big boy with glasses. 他是個戴著眼鏡的大個子男孩。

4. Now, he has a new look. 現(xiàn)在，他有一個新形象。

(1) now為副詞，意為“現(xiàn)在”。常用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時和一般現(xiàn)在時中。例如：

Now it is raining. 現(xiàn)在正下著雨。

Do it now. 現(xiàn)在就開始做。

(2) look為名詞時，可譯成“看”“臉部表情”“容貌，面貌”。常與a連用。作“容貌，面貌”講時，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：

Lets have a look at the new car. 讓我們看看這輛新車。

Never judge a man by his looks. 決不要以貌取人。

[特別提醒]

(1) look可單獨使用，用于提醒對方注意。例如：

Look!The boys are playing football.

(2) look還可作不及物動詞，常與at連用，意思是“看，注視”。例如：

I looked but saw nothing. 我看了，但什么也沒看到。

Look at the blackboard. 看黑板。

(3) look作系動詞，作“看起來”解，其后可以接形容詞、名詞、介詞短語等作表語。例如：

He looks strong. 他看起來強(qiáng)壯。

You look like your father. 你看上去像你爸爸。

5. And he doesnt wear glasses.

wear“穿，戴”表示衣服已穿在身上，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)，它的賓語可以是衣服、鞋、帽子、眼鏡、花、首飾等。wear通常有兩種時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示經(jīng)常的穿戴狀態(tài)，進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示目前暫時的那種穿戴狀態(tài)。例如：

He always wears a white coat. 他總穿一件白色上衣。

He is wearing a white coat. 他現(xiàn)在正穿著一件白色上衣。

[特別提醒]

表示“穿，戴”的幾個詞wear, have on, dress, put on。

(1) have on意為“穿著，戴著”，與wear同義，指穿的狀態(tài)，后可以接表示衣服、鞋、帽的名詞，不能用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。

He had nothing on. 他什么也沒穿。

He had on a blue coat. 他穿著一件藍(lán)上衣。

(2) dress用作及物動詞時，指給（某人）“穿衣”，賓語只能是人，不可以是衣服。而且dress強(qiáng)調(diào)動作或狀態(tài)，還可以作不及物動詞。例如：

Get up and dress quickly. 快起來穿衣服。

She dressed the baby. 她給小孩穿上衣服。

Tom is old enough to dress himself. 湯姆到了自己穿衣服的年齡了。

(3) put on 表示為自己穿上衣服，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作。例如：

Put on your clothes at once. 馬上把衣服穿上。

Its cold outside. Put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上衣服。

6. I dont think hes so great, …But my mom does.

我認(rèn)為他不怎么樣，……但是我媽媽喜歡他。

(1) I dont think…注意此句是否定轉(zhuǎn)移，I/We think引導(dǎo)的句子如果表示否定意義，否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到think前，類似的還有：believe(相信); suppose(猜想); imagine(想像，設(shè)想)。也就是在I/We think/suppose/believe/imagine后面的從句里，如果有否定含義，往往需要把否定詞從從句移到主句，這叫作“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”。例如：

I dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不對。

I dont suppose I know you. 我想我不認(rèn)識你。

I dont believe it is true. 我相信那不是真的。

(2) But my mom does. 在句中does代替thinks hes so great, 這是一種避免重復(fù)的用法。在英文中，常常用do, does或did代替上文的動詞短語，而不能直接用某一個動詞來替代。例如：

I dont have a long hair, but my sister does.

我沒有長發(fā)，但我妹妹有。

——Do you know his name? 你知道他的名字嗎？

——Yes, I do. (不可以答成Yes, I know.) 是的，我知道。

Unit 8

7. Id like some noodles. 我想要些面條。

would like意為“想要”。would 是情態(tài)動詞，無人稱和數(shù)的變化，與主語搭配的縮寫形式為Id, hed, theyd, wed等等。would like 常用的句型有：①would like sth.想要某物；②would like to do sth.想要做某事；③would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。例如：

I would like some hot tea. 我想要一些熱茶。

Id like to have a rest now. 我現(xiàn)在想休息。

Hed like us to stay at home. 他想讓我們待在家里。

[特別提醒]

Would you like…? 表示委婉地征求對方的意見。意為“你想要/愿意……嗎？”常用于口語之中，肯定回答為Yes, please. 否定回答常為No, thanks. 例如：

——Would you like a cup of coffee? 來一杯咖啡好嗎？

——Yes, please. 好的，請。

——No, thanks. 不，謝謝。

——Would you like to go there with me? 你愿意和我一起去那兒嗎？

——Yes, Id like to. 是的，我愿意。

8. What size would you like? 你想要什么號的？

size名詞，意為“尺寸，尺碼，大小”。大號，小號，中號分別為large size,small size, medium size。提問尺寸大小的時候常用的句型為“What size+一般疑問句”，這里的what是對“什么樣的，何種的事/物”提問。例如：

——What size shoes do you take? 你穿多大尺碼的鞋？

——I take size 36 shoes. 我穿36號的鞋。

——What size are your sports shoes? 你的運(yùn)動鞋是多大號的？

——Size 36. 36號的。

9. What kind of noodles would you like? 你喜歡哪種面條？

(1) 此句中kind of意為“種類”，其相關(guān)搭配為：a kind of意為“一種……”，all kinds of 意為“各種各樣的”。例如：

There are all kinds of animals in the zoo.

在動物園里有各種各樣的動物。

Which kind of paper do you want? 你想要哪種紙？

This kind of question is easy. 這種問題很簡單。

(2) this kind of+n.=a/an+n. of this kind, 意為“這種”。例如：

this kind of book=a book of this kind 這種書

(3) all kinds of+n.=n.+of all kinds, 意為“各種各樣的”。例如：

all kinds of hats=hats of all kinds 各種各樣的帽子

[特別提醒]

(1) kind of+adj./adv. 意為“有點兒，有幾分”。例如：

He feels kind of tired. 他覺得有點兒累。

(2) kind 可作形容詞，意為“親切的，和藹的”。例如：

He is a kind old man. 他是一位和藹的老人。

We are kind to animals. 我們愛護(hù)動物。

Its very kind of you to visit me when I was ill.

我生病時你來看我真是太好了。

10. Can I help you? 要我?guī)兔幔?/p>

這句話主要用于服務(wù)行業(yè)人員接待顧客時的禮貌用語，還可以說成What can I do for you? 例如：

——Can I help you? 你要點什么？

——Id like some apples. 我想買些蘋果。

11. We have large, medium and small bowls.

我們有大碗，中碗，小碗的。

(1) 此句為句式What size do you have? “你們有什么型號的？”的答語，其中have表示“某人有……”后邊可直接跟名詞作賓語。例如：

We have beef, chicken and mutton. 我們有牛肉、雞肉、羊肉。

(2) large, medium, small 常用于購物、就餐時服務(wù)人員描述產(chǎn)品時的用語，表達(dá)一個大致概念，后邊跟名詞。例如：

Id like a medium bowl. 我想要一個中碗的。

12. I like dumplings, fish and orange juice.

我喜歡餃子、魚和橘子汁。

(1) 句中l(wèi)ike為“喜歡”的意思，實義動詞，它的否定式為dont like“不喜歡”。例如：

I like English. 我喜歡英語。

I dont like Chinese. 我不喜歡語文。

(2) 句中and表連接，多用于肯定句中多個短語與句子之間的連接；但否定句中短語與句子之間的連接用or。例如：

I have a sister and a brother. 我有一個妹妹和一個弟弟。

I dont have a sister or a brother. 我沒有兄弟和姐妹。

[特別提醒]

(1) or還可意為“或者，還是”。例如：

Which do you like, this one or that one? 你喜歡這件還是那件？

(2) “祈使句+or+陳述句”，前后句表達(dá)的意思是對立的?！捌硎咕?and+陳述句”，前后句表達(dá)的意思是統(tǒng)一的。例如：

Study hard, and youll pass the exam. 努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會通過考試的。

Study hard, or you will not pass the exam.

努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你通不過考試。

13. Write your own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks and other foods you know.

寫一段你了解的餃子、面條、飲料和其他食品的廣告詞。

該句為祈使句，write為動詞，you know修飾ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks and other foods, own是形容詞，意為“自己的”，一般與形容詞性物主代詞連用。例如：

a friend of my own=my own friend 我自己的朋友

一、[小試牛刀]單項選擇

1. What ____ your father ____ like?

A. do; look B. do; looks C. does; look D. does; looks

2. Li Ping ____ tall and ____ straight hair.

A. is; is B. is; have C. has; is D. is; has

3. Mike has short ____.

A. hair B. hairs C. a hair D. some hair

4. ——What does your father ____?

——Hes heavy.

A. look at B. look like C. look for D. look the same

5. Jenny has ____ look.

A. new B. the new C. a new D. some new

6. ——Does he have long hair or short hair?

——____.

A. Yes, he has long hair B. No, he has short hair

C. He has long hair D. He has short one

7. Miss Brown has ____.

A. good-looking B. look C. looks D. looking

8. Are these hats ____ cats?

A. look B. like C. look like D. likes

9. The man ____ glasses is my teacher.

A. in B. has C. wears D. with

10. ——Mrs White, your hair is very nice.

——____.

A. No, it isnt B. Not at all

C. Thank you D. Thats all right

11. ——What does he look like?

——He ____ long, black hair.

A. is B. has C. have D. are

12. ——____ you like this book?

——Very much.

A. What do B. How C. How much D. How do

13. Nobody ____ the pop singer.

A. know B. is knowing C. knows D. knowing

14. ——____?

——He is short with brown hair.

A. What do you like his hair B. How does his hair

C. What does he look like D. How does he look like

15. Its time for class. Please stop ____!

A. to talk B. talking C. talk D. talks

二、[小試牛刀]單項選擇

1. ——What size bowl of porridge would you like?

——____.

A. A small bowl, please B. Id like something to drink

C. No, I wouldnt D. Yes, please

2. ——What ____ you like?

——Wed like a bottle of milk.

A. is B. would C. do D. does

3. ____ Lisa ____ green tea or black tea?

A. Does; like B. Does; likes

C. Do; likes D. Does; would like

4. ——Would you like ____ apple juice?

——Yes, please.

A. a B. an C. some D. any

5. Id like a bowl of noodles ____ onions.

A. at B. in C. with D. about

6. What would you like ____ your soup?

A. in B. at C. on D. for

7. We ____ black tea here.

A. have also B. have too C. too have D. also have

8. How ____ bottles of milk would they like?

A. some B. many C. much D. kinds

9. ——Could you give me a glass of water, please?

——____.

A. OK. That right B. Yes, I can

C. Thanks very much D. Certainly. Here it is

10. Would Lucy like dumplings ____ noodles?

A. and B. or C. but D. /

11. ____ let the old man stand up.

A. Dont B. Not C. Arent D. Cant

12. Bread, cake, meat…what ____ things do you like to eat?

A. some B. other C. the other D. others

13. Could I ____ a cup of tea?

A. eat B. have C. ate D. has

14. ____ rice in the bowl is very nice.

A. A B. An C. The D. Some

15. We ____ some great ____.

A. has, special B. has, specials C. have, special D. have, specials

Key(3)