考點(diǎn)一: 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have /has + 過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。其否定式是在助動(dòng)詞have/has后加not； 一般疑問(wèn)句是將助動(dòng)詞have/has移至句首。若肯定句中有already，在變成否定句、疑問(wèn)句時(shí)應(yīng)將其改成yet。

牽手中考：

1. In the last several years we _______（set）up many new factories in our home

-town. （2006年江蘇省鹽城市）

2. —What do you think of the new book by Han Han?

—Wonderful! I _______（never read）such a good book before. （2006年江蘇省連云港市）

3.Liu Yiting _______（change）a lot since she entered Harvard University. （2006年甘肅省蘭州市）

4. — _______ you _______（pay）for your shoes yet?

— Yes. They only cost me fifty dollars. （2006年江蘇省南通市）

考點(diǎn)二：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法一

表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果和影響，常和just， already， yet等狀語(yǔ)連用。

牽手中考：

5. —Do you want to see the film “Harry Potter II”?

—The film “Harry Potter II”? I _______ it. It’s really wonderful. （2006年浙江省溫州市）

A. seeB. have seenC. was seeingD. had seen

6. —Where’s Sam? —He _______ for France．（2006年江蘇省泰州市）

A．had leftB．has leftC．leftD．will leave

7.—Is that Chris speaking?

—Sorry， he isn’t in. He _______ abroad on business. （2006年安徽省課程改革實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)）

A. goesB. wentC. has goneD. will go

8.—Would you like to see the film with me?

—I’m sorry I _______ it twice. （2006年北京市）

A. seeB. will seeC. have seenD. am seeing

9. She ought to stop _______ ，she has a headache because she _______ too long. （2006年甘肅省蘭州市）

A. to work， was reading B. to work， has read

C. working， has readD. working， read

考點(diǎn)三：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法二

表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。 如： these days， since two months ago， since 1995， for a long time， so far， up to now， till/until now 等。表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

注意：

1.常見(jiàn)的短暫性動(dòng)詞和與其意義相近的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的“be +形容詞（副詞、分詞、名詞、 介詞短語(yǔ)）”結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)比。

2.完成時(shí)態(tài)中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“for + 一段時(shí)間”， “since + 過(guò)去時(shí)間”， “since + 一段時(shí)間 + ago” 間的替換。

3.“It has been /is+ 一段時(shí)間 + since + 過(guò)去時(shí)間或從句（從句謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)）”。

牽手中考：

10. — Will you watch the World Cup match this year? （2006年浙江省杭州市）

—No， but I _______ several World Cup matches since I was a small child.

A. had seen B. seeC. was seeing D. have seen

11. The life we were used to_______ greatly since 1992. （2006年江蘇省蘇州市）

A. change B. has changedC. changingD. have changed

12. My father _______ on business for two weeks. He’ll return in 3 days. （2006年河北省課程改革實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)）

A. leftB. has leftC. has goneD. has been away

13. — Your bike looks nice. Is it new?

—No， I _______ it for two months. （2006年湖北省武漢市）

A. have hadB. had boughtC. would buy

14. — How long has he _______ the dictionary?

— For two years. （2006年湖北省宜昌市）

A. borrowed B. lent C. hadD. bought

15. —I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long .

—Never mind. I _______ here for only a few minutes. （2006年遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市）

A. have been B. have come C. have arrivedD. waited

16. —How long _______ the film KING KONG ?

—For just several minutes. （2006年黑龍江省哈爾濱市）

A. did， beginB. has， begunC. has， been on

考點(diǎn)四：have/has gone to和have/has been to的區(qū)別

have/has been to表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了”，have/has gone to表示“已經(jīng)去某地了，現(xiàn)在不在這里”。

牽手中考：

17. — I want to return the book to Jack， but I can’t find him.

— He _______ the library. You can find him there. （2006年江蘇省南通市）

A. has been toB. has gone toC. has leftD. went to

18. —I _______ Fujian Museum twice. How about you?

—Never. I hope to visit it soon. （2006年福建省福州市課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)）

A. have gone toB. have been toC. have goneD. have been

考點(diǎn)五：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的情況；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。所以，表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)只能和一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用，而不能與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。

牽手中考：

19. —Scott has already returned to our town.

—Really? Where _______ you _______ him?（2006年四川省成都市）

A. do; see B. have; seenC. did; see

20. —Mr. Johnson， we have found your watch.

—My watch！Thank you. Where _______ it? （2006年浙江省紹興市）

A. do you find B. have you found C. did you find D. were you finding